CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS: EVALUATION OF 248 CASES RAN I OF EST W - OUTH S COUNTY, HUSHTAR S IN (original) (raw)
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2017
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania donovani is an endemic vector-borne disease in Sri Lanka. Over 2,500 cases have been reported since 2000 and the number of CL cases has dramatically increased annually. Total 57 clinically suspected CL patients attending the dermatology clinic in Anuradhapura Teaching Hospital were recruited from January to June 2015. Slit skin smears and skin biopsies were taken from each of the subjects. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained using interviewer administered questionnaire. Forty-three (75.4%) patients among 57 were confirmed positive for L. donovani. The majority of infected patients was males (P = 0.005), and the most affected age group was 21-40 years. Soldiers in security forces, farmers, and housewives were identified as high risk groups. The presence of scrub jungles around the residence or places of occupation (P = 0.003), the presence of sandflies (P = 0.021), and working outsides more than 6 hr per day (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with CL. The number of lesions ranged from 1-3, and the majority (76%) of the patients had a single lesion. Upper and lower extremities were the prominent places of lesions, while the wet type of lesions were more prevalent in females (P = 0.022). A nodular-ulcerative type lesion was common in both sexes. The presence of sandflies, scrub jungles, and outdoor activities contributed to spread of Leishmania parasites in an endemic pattern. Implementation of vector control programs together with health education with regard to transmission and prevention of CL are necessary to control the spread of this infection.
2014
Leishmaniasis has a diversity of clinical signs ranging from deadly visceral to self-curing dermal ulcers. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most prevalent type of leishmaniasis. This disease is a parasitic infectious disease. The etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis are different species of the genus Leishmania[1]. The cutaneous leishmaniasis is transmitted by the bite of female phlebotomine sand flies. Of about 800 sand fly species in the globe, approximately 50 have been considered as vectors of leishmaniasis[2,3]. In Australia, evidence incriminates midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors of Leishmania. Screening determined that a species of dayfeeding midge, subgenus Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea), had an infection rate of up to 15% for Leishmania DNA[4]. PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Evaluation Of 248 Cases In Shushtar County, South-West Of Iran
2017
Objectives: leishmaniasis is one of six major tropical diseases that the World Health Organization has supported study and research about various aspects of the recommendations. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is considered a common parasitic disease. This study was performed to determine the frequency of patients with CL and the epidemiological situation in the county of Shushtar during 2009- 2013. Methods: In this descriptive study, information about subjects such as age, gender , number and location of wounds , city or village , month and season collected and have been interpreted with SPSS software and descriptive statistics. Results: Totally, 248 cases have detected during this study. About 82.7 percent percent of patients had more than 10 years of age and most cases (66.1 percent) were found in males. Nearly 48.4 percent of patients had one ulcer and 37.1 percentage of the wounds were observed on the hands and then in feet, face and in other parts of the body. Approximately 83.9 ...
Epidemiological trend of cutaneous leishmaniasis in two endemic focus of disease, south of Iran
Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 2016
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one the most important zoonotic diseases has different invertebrate hosts in different parts of its range, the vectors are often closely related. Leishmaniasis is a worldwide vector borne disease, affecting 88 countries: especially in the Middle East and southwestern Asia. Nesokiaindica or M. libycuserythrourus are confirmed as reservoir and Phlebotomine sand flies are proven as vectors of the disease in the south of Iran. Patients' information collected from Firouzabad and Ghirokarzin county, Fars province in Iran during 2006-2014. Data analyzed by Chi square test using SPSS19 statistic software. 613 cases (61.91 %) lived in rural and 377 (38.08 %) lived in urban areas. All ages were grouped between 1 and C30 years. 479 (48.38 %) of patients being male and 511 (51.61 %) female. 39.49 % of patients were with dry lesions and 60.5 % were with wet lesions. Hand ulcers were the highest prevalence part of body (39.59 %). The common frequent size of lesions was lesser than 2 cm. Regarding the most prevalence rate (47.67 %) raised in autumn season. This study showed that cutaneous leishmaniasis was an endemic disease in Firouzabad and Ghirokarzin regions.
Epidemiological survey and geographical distribution of cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis is a widespread problem, especially in the tropical and subtropical countries. Since understanding the epidemiologic and geographical distribution of the diseases is necessary for prevention and controlling the Leishmaniasis. This study was conducted on epidemiological survey of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in North Khorasan Province, using Arc GIS Software during the years 2006-2013. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of the Leishmaniasis patients between the years 2006-2013 were collected from the different districts of North Khorasan Province. The gathered data were analyzed by using SPSS16 statistical software and chi-square test. Results: Data concerning 2831 patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis were collected. The maximum outbreak of the disease occurred in 2011 and the minimum occurrence was reported in 2008. The mean age of the study population was 22.80 ± 18.08 and the maximum cases of infection were observed in age group of 16-30 years. 58.6% of the patients were male and 53.5% of them lived in the villages. The maximum infection of the disease was observed in Esfarayen with 1095 people (38.7%). There was a significant relationship between the gender and age of the patients and cutaneous Leishmaniasis (P<0.001). Conclusion: In this province, Leishmaniasis is more epidemic among men of 16-30 years of age, villagers and laborers. These factors have to be necessarily considered in prevention and controlling programs.
Gene Reports, 2019
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in different regions of Larestan and its relationship with public health condition during 2014-2015. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 223 positive cases during 2014-2015 in Larestan region, in southern Fars province, Iran. The samples were taken from lesion exudates caused by mosquito bites. The parasite was distinguished by Giemsa staining. Presence of Leishman bodies or Amastigotes form indicates the positivity of the case. The included patients were studied in terms of nationality, age, sex, involved organ, number of lesions, parasites sources, type of building, and Patients' place of residence. Data analyzed using SPSS software through Fisher's exact and t-student tests. About 95% of the positive cases were Iranian patients, and the remaining were Afghans. And 51% of patients were female. Individuals younger than 9 years old had the most infection cases (55%). A significant correlation was found between age and leishmaniasis. Also, 81% of the diseases were related to urban leishmaniasis. Hands were the most common organs involved with a frequency 39%. It was found that the age group1-9-year-old has contained the most level of infected cases to cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Searching for cutaneous leishmaniasis in tribals from Kerala, India
Journal of Global Infectious Diseases, 2010
Background: In India, indigenous cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are mainly confined to the northwestern region. But now, more and more case reports are coming in from other parts of India. In January 2009, a 26-year-old lady residing in a forest area in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala State presented with bluish red nodules on her upper extremities, of six months duration, which was clinically more in favor of cutaneous leishmaniasis. She had never gone out of the district of Thiruvananthapuram in her life. Aim: To investigate whether the patient hails from a new endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Setting and Design: An epidemiological investigation in the form of a survey was carried out in March 2009 by a multidisciplinary team among 63 persons residing in the Mele Aamala and Aayiramkala forest tribal settlements in Kuttichal Panchayat of Thiruvananthapuram district. Material and Methods: History taking and clinical examination of 38 persons in the area with special consideration to skin lesions was undertaken. Microbiological and histopathological examination of the skin lesions was done. Breeding places of sand fly and possible reservoirs of Leishmania were also simultaneously investigated. Statistical analysis used: The data obtained was tabulated as frequency and percentage. Chi-square test was done to find out the statistical significance of differences in distributions. Results: Out of the 38 persons examined, active lesions were found in 12 persons and six had healed lesions. Tissue samples were obtained from seven out of the 12 suspected cases. Four of them showed Leishman Donovan (LD) bodies in tissue smears. Out of the cultures taken from three patients, one showed promastigote forms in Novy McNeal Nicolle (NNN) medium. Histopathological study was done in five patients and two patients had LD bodies, one had epithelioid cell granuloma and the other two had mixed infiltrate with predominantly macrophages. All the three investigations were carried out in three patients and out of them one showed positivity in all the three investigations and the rest two were positive in tissue smear and histopathological examination. Sandflies collected from the area gave an indirect evidence of its role in the disease transmission in the area. Conclusion: The clinical, microbiological and histopathological evaluation of the skin lesions was consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis. But none of the patients gave history of travel outside the district before the onset of the disease and no one had newly moved into this area within the last two years. So this may be considered as probably a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Life Science Journal
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important public health problem in Dehloran county, Southwestern of Iran. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on disease has not been studied in this area. This survey was carried out among 423 residents of 5 villages involved by disease. The study was a cross-sectional analytical survey. A questioner with 30 questions was prepared to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of the respondents about cutaneous leishmaniasis. Altogether, 405 (95.7%) of respondents completed the questioners. One hundred and eighty (44.4%) of them were men and the rest (55.6%) were women. The mean ± SD age of the cases were equal to 23.81 ± 14.83 years old. Only 47.9% of the population studied were aware about the disease. Less than 40% of the cases revealed that, sand fly is the vector of the disease. Almost, 47% of them had used drugs, insecticide sprays, repellents and bed net to protect themselves. Chi-square test indicated a significant difference between a...
Incidence Rate of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Chabahar within 2008 to 2010
Journal of Community Health Research, 2016
Introduction: As Lieshmaniasis is considered as a huge hygienic problem and since epidemiological studies are effective in controlling this disease and taking prevention steps, the present study deals with cutaneous lieshmaniasis in Chabahar, Sistan and Baluchestan from 2008 to 2010. Materials and Methods: The current research has been conducted as descriptive-analytical, based on victims of cutaneous leishmaniasis during previous years in health centers of Chabahar, by extracting the demographic and epidemiologic information, recorded in Chabahar health centers, and analyzing them via SPSS 18. Results: From total victims of cutaneous leishmaniasis under the study, the total incidence rate in male 1.14 and 0.9 per 1000 in female. The highest total incidence rate of the disease were in the age range of birth to 4 years (with incidence rate 1.96 per 1000) and the lowest one in the age range of 5 to 9 years (with incidence rate 0.7 per 1000). Most damages (wounds) were in the hands an...
Clinco-Epidemiologic Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2013
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic to the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, Bikaner, India. The present study describes clinico-epidemiologcial data of all cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis CL in this region during 2001-2011. A total of 1,379 patients with 2,730 lesions were reported during the study period. Ages of patients ranged from 3 months to 86 years, and there was a predominance of infections in males. Most patients were from urban areas and lower middle socioeconomic groups. Lesions were dry, ulcerated nodules or plaques of different sizes commonly over face and upper limb. Skin smears were positive for parasites in 958 (69.5%) patients, and the remaining 45.8% (193 of 421) patients were positive by skin biopsy. Histopathologic analysis of the skin showed mixed granulomas consisting of macrophages, lymphocytes, epitheloid, and plasma cells. Species identification was conducted for 45 randomly selected patients by polymerase chain reaction, the infective species was Leishmania tropica. Most patients were treated with intra-lesional injections of sodium stibogluconate.