The Effect of an Isometric Hip Muscle Strength Training Protocol on Valgus Angle During a Drop Vertical Jump in Competitive Female Volleyball Players (original) (raw)
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2007
Background: Neuromuscular training may reduce risk factors that contribute to ACL injury incidence in female athletes. Multi-component, ACL injury prevention training programs can be time and labor intensive, which may ultimately limit training program utilization or compliance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of neuromuscular training on those classified as "high-risk" compared to those classified as "low-risk." The hypothesis was that high-risk athletes would decrease knee abduction moments while low-risk and control athletes would not show measurable changes.
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
Background: Neuromuscular training (NMT) has been shown to attenuate high-risk biomechanics in uninjured athletes. At the time that athletes return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR), they demonstrate hip biomechanical deficits associated with injury to the reconstructed knee versus the uninjured contralateral knee. Purpose: The primary purpose of the study was to examine whether an NMT program can improve single-leg drop (SLD) landing hip biomechanics for athletes after ACLR. Secondarily, we compared the posttraining SLD hip biomechanics of athletes after ACLR with a control group of athletes who also completed the NMT program. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 18 ACLR and 10 uninjured athletes were recruited and completed a 12-session NMT program. A knee-specific questionnaire and biomechanics of an SLD task was evaluated for each athlete before and after NMT. Paired t tests were used to compare pre- and posttraining ...
The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005
Background Among female athletes it has not been established whether a neuromuscular and proprioceptive sports-specific training program will consistently reduce the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Purpose To determine whether a neuromuscular and proprioceptive performance program was effective in decreasing the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury within a select population of competitive female youth soccer players. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods In 2000, 1041 female subjects from 52 teams received a sports-specific training intervention in a prospective non-randomized trial. The control group consisted of the remaining 1905 female soccer players from 95 teams participating in the same league who were age and skill matched. In the 2001 season, 844 female athletes from 45 teams were enrolled in the study, with 1913 female athletes (from 112 teams) serving as the age- and skill-matched controls. All subjects were female soccer pl...
The Utility of a High-intensity Exercise Protocol to Prospectively Assess ACL Injury Risk
International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2015
This study investigated the utility of a 5-min high-intensity exercise protocol (SAFT5) to include in prospective cohort studies investigating ACL injury risk. 15 active females were tested on 2 occasions during which their non-dominant leg was analysed before SAFT5 (PRE), immediately after (POST0), 15 min after (POST15), and 30 min after (POST30). On the first occasion, testing included 5 maximum isokinetic contractions for eccentric and concentric hamstring and concentric quadriceps and on the second occasion, 3 trials of 2 landing tasks (i.e. single-leg hop and drop vertical jump) were conducted. Results showed a reduced eccentric hamstring peak torque at POST0, POST15 and POST30 (p <.05) and a reduced functional HQ ratio (Hecc/Qcon) at POST15 and POST30 (p < .05). Additionally, a more extended knee angle at POST30 (p < .05) and increased knee internal rotation angle at POST0 and POST15 (p < .05) were found in a single-leg hop. SAFT5 altered landing strategies associated with increased ACL injury risk and similar to observations from match simulations. Our findings therefore support the utility of a high-intensity exercise protocol such as SAFT5 to strengthen injury screening tests and to include in prospective cohort studies where time constraints apply.
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2012
Since previous numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) and relative risk reduction (RRR) report, a few studies were published to evaluate prophylactic effectiveness of neuromuscular training for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in female athletes. The purpose of the current analyses was to determine the effectiveness of neuromuscular training interventions in reducing both non-contact and overall ACL injury risk in female athletes through RRR and NNT. The keywords 'knee', 'anterior cruciate ligament', ' ACL', 'prospective', 'neuromuscular', 'training', 'female' and 'prevention' were searched to find studies published from 1995 to 2011 in PubMed and EBSCO (CINAHL, Health source, MEDLINE and SPORT Discus). Inclusion criteria required that relevant studies: recruited physically active young girls as subjects, documented the number of ACL injuries, employed a neuromuscular training intervention, and used a prospective controlled study design. The numbers of noncontact and overall ACL injuries, subjects and observation time period were used to calculate RRR and NNT for each study. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was a 73.4% (95% CI 62.5% to 81.1%) and 43.8% (95% CI 28.9% to 55.5%) of RRR for noncontact and overall ACL injuries. From the NNT analysis, it was determined that, respectively, 108 (95% CI 86 to 150) and 120 (95% CI 74 to 316) individuals would need to be trained to prevent one non-contact or one overall ACL injury over the course of one competitive season. Although the RRR analysis indicated prophylactic benefits of neuromuscular training, the relatively large NNT indicated that many athletes are needed to prevent one ACL injury. A future direction to reduce NNT and improve the efficiency of ACL injury-prevention strategies is to develop a screening system for identifying at-risk athletes.
Bien, DP. Rationale and implementation of anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention warm-up programs in female athletes. J Strength Cond Res 25(1): 271-285, 2011-The sex disparity in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk and the subsequent adverse effects on knee joint health, psychosocial wellbeing, and financial costs incurred have produced a surge in research on risk factors and interventions designed to decrease this disparity and overall incidence. Biomechanical and neuromuscular differences have been identified throughout the trunk and lower extremity that may increase noncontact ACL injury risk in female athletes. Evidence demonstrates that many risk factors are modifiable with intervention programs and that athletic performance measures can be enhanced. No universally accepted ACL injury prevention program currently exists, and injury prevention programs are diverse. Anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programs introduced in a warm-up format offer multiple benefits, primarily, improved compliance based on improved practicality of implementation. However, drawbacks of warm-up style formats also exist, most notably that a lack of equipment and resources may preclude measurable improvements in athletic performance that foster improved compliance among participants. The purpose of this review is to analyze the current literature researching possible biomechanical and neuromuscular risk factors in noncontact ACL injury in female athletes and the most effective means of implementing critical elements of a program to decrease ACL injury risk in female athletes while improving athletic performance. Hip and hamstring training, core stabilization, plyometrics, balance, agility, neuromuscular training with video and verbal feedback to modify technique, and stretching appear to be essential components of these programs. Further research is critical to determine ideal training program volume, intensity, duration, and frequency.
2015
This study investigated the effect of a 16-week maintenance training program which directly followed a high-dose 9 week initial training intervention, as part of a biomechanically informed ACL injury prevention program. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data of elite female hockey players (n=16) were collected at baseline, post initial training and post maintenance training during unplanned sidestepping. Maintenance training was effective in retaining reduced peak knee valgus moments in a ‘high-risk’ subgroup elicited from the initial training program. Conversely, although the total group demonstrated no benefits following initial training, they displayed a reduction (?-26.3%, g=0.30) in peak valgus knee moments following maintenance training, suggesting a prolonged albeit moderate dose of training was effective for this population.
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2008
BJSM's exciting innovation allows the advanced publication of selected articles within days of acceptance. In addition to the Injury Prevention articles in this issue of BJSM, you can find the following papers published Online First at http://bjsm.bmj.com/onlinefirst.dtl c The effects of age and skill level on knee musculature co-contraction during functional activities: a systematic review. KR Ford, AJ van den Bogert, GD Myer, et al. c Effective prevention of sports injuries: a model integrating efficacy, efficiency, compliance and risk taking behaviour. D Van Tiggelen, S Wickes, V Stevens, et al. c Injury risk and socioeconomic costs resulting from sports injuries in Flanders. Data derived from Sports Insurance Statistics 2003. E Cumps, E Verhagen, L Annemans, et al. c The epidemiology of rock climbing injuries. G Jones, A Asghar, DJ Llewellyn. c Payments to injured professional jockeys in British horse racing (1996-2006). M Turner, G Balendra, P McCrory. c Hospitalisations for sport-related concussions in US children aged 5 to 18 years during 2000-2004. J Yang, G Phillips, H Xiang, et al. c Collegiate rugby union injury patterns in New England: a prospective cohort study. HA Kerr, CM Curtis, LJ Micheli, et al. c Injury trends in sanctioned mixed martial arts competition: a five-year review 2002-2007. KM Ngai, F Levy, EB Hsu. c A pilot study to determine the effect of trunk and hip focused neuromuscular training on hip and knee isokinetic strength. GD Myer, JL Brent, KR Ford, et al.