LECTURE NOTE ON SPECTROSCOPY (original) (raw)
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A Selection of Ground-Breaking Papers Published in Applied Spectroscopy
Applied Spectroscopy, 2008
In mid-1945, as World War II neared its end, a group of scientists in and around New York City formed a new organization, called The Society for Applied Spectroscopy. They also began a publication, The Society for Applied Spectroscopy Bulletin. There were some technical articles in it, and they were tutorial in nature. Over the next few years the Bulletin became a scientific journal, renamed Applied Spectroscopy. When a national spectroscopic society was formed in 1958, the New York group donated its name and the publication to the national organization and became the New York Section. The cover of the January 1996 issue marked the 50th anniversary of Applied Spectroscopy. The upper left inset shows the cover of an early issue of the Bulletin. The cover of the journal in 1959 is shown on the top right. The national society assumed publication of the journal in 1960. The middle image shows the cover three years later, unchanged but for a new logo. The other images are photos of six of the seven Editors-in-Chief during the first fifty years. Two of them, John Ferraro and Leopold May, also served terms as President of SAS. In celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy, a group of past and present journal editors were asked to compile a selection of past papers published in Applied Spectroscopy, representing groundbreaking research and covering the wide range of topics that have appeared in the journal over the years. The editors compiled a collection from the Meggers Award winning papers and from the list of the most highly cited papers that have appeared in Applied Spectroscopy. The William F. Meggers Award (previously called the Journal Award) has been given annually since 1960 to the authors of the most outstanding paper published in that year. It is remarkable how many important innovations in spectroscopy have been honored by this award. A complete list of the Meggers Award/Journal Award papers appears elsewhere in this issue. The impact of top papers in a field is often reflected in citations to that work in subsequent publications. The number of citations to the articles in the collection below was reported by Science Citation Index. The articles are arranged in chronological order.
Four spectroscopic techniques, Fourier transform Raman (FTR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and laser-induced uorescen ce (LIF), are employed to characterize the pigment and binding media composition of polychrom es. Raman spectra allow the assignment of the main pigments; these are a -HgS (vermilion), 2PbCO 3 ·Pb(OH) 2 (lead white), As 2 S 3 (orpiment), Pb 3 O 4 (lead red), and amorphous Carbon. The IR spectra can readily identify the pigment 2PbCO 3 ·Pb(OH) 2 , the binder CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O (gypsum) and, in com bination with the Raman results, the presence of organic constituents of the binding media such as aliphatic esters, free acids, carbohydrates, and amides. The elem ental analysis provided by LIBS corresponds to the pigments identi ed by the previous techniques and shows in addition the presence of some H g, Fe, and Pb containing components. The presence of a Hg derivative in some of the sampled areas is supported by the LIF analysis; the uorescen ce spectrum is mainly assigned to the binding media with the spectral intensity and shape modi ed to some extent by the contribution of pigments. In some of the samples studied, a peak assigned to a -HgS is observed. The effect of low intensity KrF laser irradiation of the samples is examined; the combined observations point toward a laser cleaning effect except in the areas that contain the pigment 2PbCO 3 ·Pb(OH) 2 .
Spectroscopy 32(7) 41 w w w. sp e c t rosc opyonli ne .c om T race and heavy metal detection in agricultural and biological samples currently is of crucial importance because of the pollution occurring in the environment, particularly in soil and water, which constantly affect human health. Agricultural crops, medicinal herbs, and natural resources used for human benefits are being contaminated by the presence of toxic elements such as lead, arsenic, mercury, chromium, and nickel. These elements then move from soils to plants and then to human beings. They can cause serious diseases such as cancer or stone formation in the human body (gallstones and kidney stones). Hence, a holistic approach is needed to analyze agricultural and biological samples to find the source of these toxic elements and take necessary steps for prevention.
Advances in Spectroscopy: Molecules to Materials
Springer Proceedings in Physics, 2019
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1990
A maximum-entropy analysis of the problem of the rotameric distribution for
(2010) Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy
An introduction to the different types of molecular spectroscopic analysis, including UV-Vis, fluorescence, IR, MS and NMR, describing the basic principles of each technique and practical considerations including sample preparation. It is illustrated with simple diagrams, photographs of equipment and information to aid interpretation of spectra.