Somil_thakur_2017_IOP_Conf._Ser.%3A_Mater._Sci._Eng._263_032008.pdf (original) (raw)
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Generation of bioelectricity from sewage sludge using single chamber microbial fuel cell
A Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) has been fabricated to generate electricity from the sludge of the sewage treatment plant at Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur, at two different ambient temperature range of 25 ± 4°C and 32 ± 4°C under aerobic condition. The maximum voltage obtained was about 2890 mV after 80 (hrs.) at temperature range of25 ± 4°C, with the surface power density of 1108.29 mW/m 2 . When the ambient temperature was 32 ± 4°C, the maximum voltage obtained was 1652 mV after 40 (hrs.) surface power density reduced to 865.57 mW/m 2 .While changing the amount of substrate for certain area of the electrode at 25 ± 4°C range it showed that the electricity generation decreased with the available substrate and it also shortens the time to peak voltage. On the other way when the ambient temperature increased to 32 ± 4°C, the maximum potential energy generated is less than the previous temperature for the same substrate per unit area of the electrode and also the time to peak voltage decreases to 40 hrs. At the end of the 152 (hrs.), the maximum COD reduction for the sewage sludge was 30% for 32 ± 4°C. When comparing with other single chambers MFC, the present model is generating more electricity that any MFC using sewage sludge as substrate except platinum electrode, which is much costlier that electrode used in the present study.
generation-of-bioelectricity-from-sewage-sludge-using-single-chamber-microbial-fuel-cell.pdf
A Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) has been fabricated to generate electricity from the sludge of the sewage treatment plant at Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur, at two different ambient temperature range of 25 ± 4°C and 32 ± 4°C under aerobic condition. The maximum voltage obtained was about 2890 mV after 80 (hrs.) at temperature range of25 ± 4°C, with the surface power density of 1108.29 mW/m 2 . When the ambient temperature was 32 ± 4°C, the maximum voltage obtained was 1652 mV after 40 (hrs.) surface power density reduced to 865.57 mW/m 2 .While changing the amount of substrate for certain area of the electrode at 25 ± 4°C range it showed that the electricity generation decreased with the available substrate and it also shortens the time to peak voltage. On the other way when the ambient temperature increased to 32 ± 4°C, the maximum potential energy generated is less than the previous temperature for the same substrate per unit area of the electrode and also the time to peak voltage decreases to 40 hrs. At the end of the 152 (hrs.), the maximum COD reduction for the sewage sludge was 30% for 32 ± 4°C. When comparing with other single chambers MFC, the present model is generating more electricity that any MFC using sewage sludge as substrate except platinum electrode, which is much costlier that electrode used in the present study.
Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering, 2017
The performance of electricity producing of Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) using wastewater of tempe industries without glucose addition (as control substrate) and with (2% and 4%) glucose addition was observed. The anode chamber contained a waste substrate and a cathode chamber contained a 0.1 M Potassium Permanganate electrolyte solution. The salt bridge was required to stabilize the charge between the cathode and anode chambers, and the electrodes attached to the anode and cathode chambers as the electron catcher. Voltages and currents were measured using multimeter. Optical Density measured at 486 nm wavelengths was performed to estimate bacterial growth activity. All of the cells were observed for 72 hours of running time. The results of Optical Density curves showed an increasing trend of absorbance during 72 hours of running time. These were in agreement with the resulting power density, which tended to increase until the 48th hour and then relatively stable especia...
MICROBIAL FUEL CELL OPERATED ON SLUDGE FROM SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT-A Case Study
2015
The population explosion of the world demands large energy resources to meet its increasing energy demands, resulting into increased load on nature. Most of the population is driving their energy needs from fossil fuels, which lead to depletion of resources and affecting environment too. With the depletion of the traditional energy resources and their contribution to serious environmental hazards, It is well recognized that alternative energy source is the need of the hour. MFCs are the devices which use anaerobic microorganisms to produce electricity in the process of chemical changes occurring during the process. The present study has showed that on the fifth day, it showed a Open circuit voltage (OCV) of 225 mV and current density of 32.87 mA/m 2 with tap water containing NaCl. But when the aerator was applied to the cathodic chamber, the increase in voltage was reported, and reached 248 mV and a current density of 43.14 mA/m 2. With the wasted activated sludge, it showed a Open ...
Production of electricity during wastewater treatment using a single chamber microbial fuel cell
2004
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been used to produce electricity from different compounds, including acetate, lactate, and glucose. We demonstrate here that it is also possible to produce electricity in a MFC from domestic wastewater, while at the same time accomplishing biological wastewater treatment (removal of chemical oxygen demand; COD). Tests were conducted using a single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) containing eight graphite electrodes (anodes) and a single air cathode. The system was operated under continuous flow conditions with primary clarifier effluent obtained from a local wastewater treatment plant. The prototype SCMFC reactor generated electrical power (maximum of 26 mW m -2 ) while removing up to 80% of the COD of the wastewater. Power output was proportional to the hydraulic retention time over a range of 3-33 h and to the influent wastewater strength over a range of 50-220 mg/L of COD. Current generation was controlled primarily by the efficiency of the cathode. Optimal cathode performance was obtained by allowing passive air flow rather than forced air flow (4.5-5.5 L/min). The Coulombic efficiency of the system, based on COD removal and current generation, was <12% indicating a substantial fraction of the organic matter was lost without current generation. Bioreactors based on power generation in MFCs may represent a completely new approach to wastewater treatment. If power generation in these systems can be increased, MFC technology may provide a new method to offset wastewater treatment plant operating costs, making advanced wastewater treatment more affordable for both developing and industrialized nations.
Tanzania Journal of Science, 2023
The access to electricity is still not reliable in Tanzania. Whilst, there are several locations within the country that have wastewater cites that are not economically used to produce electricity. At the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), there are main grid power, and few scattered solar panels. This study was intended to bridge the divide between the current increasing power demands of the UDSM by exploiting not so much used sources, such as electric energy from wastewater. This study was undertaken to develop a Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) prototype fed by sewage in Dar es Salaam, for electricity generation using cost effective materials for the cathode compartment. The collection of samples took place using sewage substrates from the UDSM oxidation ponds. The untreated sewage was collected from oxidation ponds. Preliminary experiments were carried out to identify the cathode and substrate that produced better results in terms of volts and current output. Aluminium produced the most desirable results compared to copper, stainless steel and mild steel in all the substrates. On the other hand, untreated sewage with aluminium/carbon electrodes produced higher voltage and current compared to treated sewage with the same electrodes. Thereafter, a prototype of the MFC was developed by connecting three single chambered cells in series of 628 cm3 volume of untreated sewage with aluminium and carbon electrodes. The prototype generated a stable voltage of 1.73 V and a current of 0.07 mA recorded for a period of one hour. The power generated was enough to light a 6.25 mW LED bulb of 25 mA across a 100 Ω resister. Therefore, untreated sewage produced more power in MFCs with aluminium/carbon electrodes compared to the other tested materials.
Baghdad Science Journal, 2020
The current study deals with the performance of constructed wetland (CW) incorporating a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. The whole unit is referred to as CW-MFC. This technique involves two treatments; the first is an aerobic treatment which occurs in the upper layer of the system (cathode section) and the second is anaerobic biological treatment in the lower layer of the system (anode section). Two types of electrode material were tested; stainless steel and graphite. Three configurations for electrodes arrangement CW-MFC were used. In the first unit of CW-MFC, the anode was graphite plate (GPa) and cathode was also graphite plate (GPc), in the second CW-MFC unit, the anode was stainless steel mesh (SSMa) and the cathode was a couple of stainless steel plain (SSPc). The anode in the third CW-MFC unit was stainless steel mesh (SSMa) and the cathode was graphite plate (GPc). It was found that the maximum performance for electricity generation (9 mW/m 3) was obtained in the unit with stainless steel mesh as anode and graphite plate as cathode. After 10 days of operation, the best result for COD removal (70%) was obtained in the unit with stainless steel mesh as anode and stainless steel plain as cathode. The effect of temperature was also investigated. The performance of unit operation for electricity generation was tested at three values of temperature; 30, 35 and 40 o C. The best result was obtained at 40 o C, at which the current density obtained was 80 mA/m 3. A culture of Algae could grow in the unit in order to supply the cathodic region with oxygen.
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new approach for treating waste water along with electricity production. The present study addresses electricity production from domestic wastewater using a mediator-less double chamber MFC, electricity production was monitored under different operational conditions for both summer and winter samples. Optimization of the anodic and cathodic chambers resulted in a maximal current of 0.784 mA and 0.645 mA and the maximal power intensity which reached 209 and 117 mW/m2 with power duration of 24 h for the summer and winter samples, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the bacterial biofilm formation on the anode was denser for the summer sample than that when the winter sample was used, so was the total bacterial count. Therefore, samples taken during summer are considered better in electricity production and waste water treatment than those taken during winter, basically because of the high microbial load during the hot season. In parallel, there was a decrease in both biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values which reached 71.8 % and 72.85%, respectively at the end of the operation process for the summer sample, while there was no evident decrease for the winter sample. Optimizing the operating conditions not only increases the potential of using domestic waste water in microbial fuel cells to produce electricity, but also improves the quality of the domestic waste water.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
The growing concern of environmental pollution due to the excessive exploitation of fossil fuel has shifted attention to a more renewable source of procuring energy one of them being the microbial fuel cells. The development of MFC is essentially based on the potential of bacteria to generate electrons by metabolizing the substrate (sewage wastewater, here). The mechanism of working of microbial fuel cells is mentioned. The use of sewage wastewater to tap electricity while simultaneously decreasing the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) level in the water for it's safe disposal with efficient materials for the PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane), cathode, mediators etc. have been reviewed. The best mode of operation of MFC to generate maximum power density in both single and double chambered MFC has been explored.
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2014
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