Fecal and urinary excretion of aflatoxin B1 metabolites (AFQ1, AFM1 and AFB-N7-guanine) in young Chinese males (original) (raw)

Molecular dosimetry of aflatoxin-N7-guanine in human urine obtained in The Gambia, West Africa

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the major human cancers, causing at least 250,000 deaths each year. Two of the major risk factors for this disease are aflatoxin exposure and hepatitis B virus. This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between dietary exposure to aflatoxins and the excretion of the major aflatoxin-DNA adduct and other metabolites into the urine of chronically exposed people who were either hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive or -negative. The diets of 20 individuals, 10 males and 10 females, with ages ranging from 15 to 56 years, were monitored for 1 week, and aflatoxin intake levels were determined for each day. Starting on the fourth day, total 24-h urines were consecutively obtained for 4 days. The subjects were generally paired for hepatitis B virus status. Preparative monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography/high-performance liquid chromatography and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were carried out on each of the urine sam...

Relationship between Aflatoxin B1 Exposure and Etiology of Liver Disease in Saudi Arabian Patients

2016

Background: Exposure to chronic low levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination can lead to immune suppression and nutritional consequences that might greatly contributed in the increase of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The toxicity of AFB1 is greatly vary between different population, affected by age, gender, and environmental factors. Material and subjects: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was measured in 50 blood samples collected from non B, C hepatitis viruses and non CMV-Ab liver disease patients from different general hospitals and polyclinic in KSA during period 01-2013 to 06-2014. All Patients demonstrate elevation of ALT and AST with unknown etiology. Serum samples were obtained and kept at −20 °C for AFB1detection. Results: Out of the 50 blood samples, 38 demonstrate a detectable serum level of AFB1 while the remaining 12 patients were AFB1 negative and used as control participants. While AST was non-significantly different in AFB1 exposed patients, ALT was significantly h...

Detectable levels of serum aflatoxin B1-albumin adducts in the United Kingdom population: implications for aflatoxin-B1 exposure in the United Kingdom

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 1998

This study aimed to estimate aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure in the United Kingdom population by measuring levels of serum AFB1-albumin (alb), using immunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. A self-questionnaire on dietary habits from 104 volunteers (47 men and 57 women) in York was completed, and blood samples were collected. Serum alb was extracted, and AFB1-lysine (lys), the digest product of AFB1-alb, was isolated and measured. A sensitive ELISA (detection limit, approximately 1.4 pg of AFB1-lys) was developed. A good correlation was found between calibration of ELISA results and scintillation counting, for rats dosed with [3H]AFB1 (r = 0.972; P < 0.001). This ELISA was subsequently used to analyze human serum alb. For United Kingdom human sera, the mean adduct levels were 29.3 +/- 14.8 pg AFB1-lys equivalents (eq) mg albumin (males) and 26.9 +/- 14.4 pg AFB1-lys eq/mg alb (females). Confirmation of the ELISA data was sought using...

Integrative Toxicopathological Evaluation of Aflatoxin B1 Exposure in F344 Rats

Toxicologic Pathology, 2013

In this study, male F344 rats were orally exposed to a single dose of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 0, 50, 250, or 1,000 µg/kg body weight (BW) or repeated dose of 0, 5, 10, 25, or 75 µg/kg BW for up to 5 weeks. Biochemical and histological changes were assessed together with the formation of AFB1-lysine adduct (AFB-Lys) and liver foci positive for placental form glutathione S transferase (GST-P+). In single-dose protocol, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed dose-related elevation, with maximal changes observed (>100-fold) at day 3 after treatment. Animals that received 250 µg/kg AFB1 showed concurrent bile duct proliferation, necrosis, and GST-P+ hepatocytes at 3 day, followed by liver GST-P+ foci appearance at 1 week. In repeated-dose protocol, bile duct proliferation and liver GST-P+ foci co-occurred after 3-week exposure to 75 µg/kg AFB1, followed by proliferation foci formation after 4 week and dramatic ALT, AST, and...