Research Paper: Determinants of Authoritative Parenting Style in Iranian Mothers (original) (raw)
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Determinants of Authoritative Parenting Style in Iranian Mothers
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal
The primary goal of this study was to identify the determinants of mother's authoritative parenting style upon the ecological model of parenting. There are some factors involved in this model such as a parent (i.e. developmental history, personality), and child characteristics (i.e. temperament and developmental issues) and environmental factors. Methods: The statistic population of this study includes mothers in Tehran having preschool children between 4-6 years old. By convenient sampling, eight kindergarten schools were selected, and mothers completed the questionnaires. The sample consisted of 157 mothers who had the authoritative parenting style based on the score of Baumrind's parenting style questionnaire. The participants completed the questionnaires and data was analyzed with regression analysis. Results: The parent's neuroticism (r=-0.253, P<0.01), social support (r=-0.200, P<0.05) and some temperamental characteristics of child i.e. excitability (r=-0.526, P<0.01) and activity (r=-0.163, P<0.05) were significant variables in prediction of authoritative parenting style. Discussion: This study enhances our understanding of the primary determinants of authoritative parenting style in Iranian mothers. The authoritative parenting style is a function of interactional mother and child characteristic and contextual components. These parents had a low score on neuroticism. Therefore, they had emotional stability and could manage their impulse and negative emotions about child maltreatment. Also, their children had low scores in excitability and a high score in sociability. Additionally, the authoritative mothers had weak social support. One explanation for this result is that mothers are the autonomy people and stand on their own rules and had little need to others.
Comparison of Personality among Mothers with Different Parenting Styles
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 2018
Objective: Mothers have an important role in child- rearing, and maternal personality has theoretically been considered as the most influential factor determining the parenting style, because it is thought to affect parental behavior. However, the influence of personality on parenting styles has received surprisingly little attention. The aim of the present study was to compare personality components among mothers with authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles. Method : Using a multistage random cluster sampling method, we selected 8 kindergartens in Tehran. The sample consisted of 270 mothers with preschool children aged 4 to 6 who completed the NEO and Parental Authority Style Questionnaire. Results: Results revealed significant differences among the authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive styles in personality characteristics. There were significant differences between groups in extraversion (f(2,267) = 151.65, p≤0.0001 ), agreeableness (f(2,267)=215.23, p...
Patterns of Maternal Behavior--Revisited
1987
This study was designed to look for patterns of parental behavior by assessing styles of child rearing in a novel way--through responses on an interactive computer program simulating an average day in the life of a mother and a preschooler, Presented to each subject (39 mothers of preschoolers and a control group of non-mothers) were 30 common child rearing problems to which Subjects selected a response. Response options were designed to reflect authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved patterns. Nulliparous women responded to a fictive child, described to half the group as male. No consistent patterns of responses were subsequently detected: both mothers and non-mothers selected responses characteristic of the three basic child rearing patterns, often in equal proportions. Mothers responded differently from non-mothers on one-third of the questions. Results indicate that a simple typology of parental behavior may be inaccurate and suggest that parental behavior is flexible and modifiable, and that differences in maternal styles of child rearing are more subtle than had previously been described in the literature. (RH)
Child’s Developmental Behavior According to Parent’s Parenting Style: A Phenomenological Approach
Augdya Ayu, augdya.ayu-12@psikologi.unair.ac.id Shuci Rachmawati, shuci.rachmawati-12@psikologi.unair.ac.id Nabilla Nur Galaxy, nabilla.nurgalaxy-12@psikologi.unair.ac.id Gisella Nadia Arsita, gisella.nadia-12@psikologi.unair.ac.id Dila Handa Praningtyas, dila.handa-12@psikologi.unair.ac.id Rayvina, rayvina-12@psikologi.unair.ac.id Cholicul Hadi, cholichul.hadi@psikologi.unair.ac.id Faculty of Psychology Airlangga University Abstract Each child will develop continuously. In development, the child would require attention and appropriate parenting from parents. Therefore, parents have an important role in the development of their children's behavior.The role of parents is evident from parenting styles applied to children in everyday life. Appropriate parenting style leads to the development of the child in accordance with the desired, including increased self-esteem, sense of responsibility, the motivation to fulfill a purpose, and the emergence of the ability to establish friendships. In the study we wanted to see how important form of care given to children using a phenomenological approach. Parenting on child will have a great impact on the development of children's behavior. As with DHP, where the effects of parenting tends to rule will result in the behavior of children who like the same force with the mother. After DHP aware of changes in their behavior, so he decided to change the parenting. DHP closer to the child and try to become the closest friends child so that the child becomes comfortable to tell. Keywords: child developmental behaviour, authoritative parenting, authoritarian parenting
The style of mothering and its determinants: a study among mothers of lower primary school children
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2019
Background: The first teacher and everlasting support for a child is his/her mother. Mother–child bonds remain so strongly throughout one’s life in spite of the changing times and complexities of life. Literature suggests that elements of warmth and control from parents, especially mothers positively correlated with achievement and intellectual orientation in children. Objectives were to assess the various styles of mothering and its determinants in mothers of children studying in lower primary schools and residing in Adat panchayat, Thrissur, Kerala.Methods: A community based descriptive study was conducted among 315 mothers of lower primary school children residing in Adat panchayat, Thrissur. Data was collected using Parental Authority Questionnaire.Results: Mean age of mothers was 31.9 years. 73% mothers were practicing predominantly authoritative parenting style, 24% were authoritarian and only 3% were permissive style. The type of family and current age of mothers were signifi...
Exploring Parenting Styles Patterns and Children’s Socio-Emotional Skills
Children
In this study, we adopted parenting styles as a multidimensional and latent construct that includes different aspects of parenting, rather than solely focusing on a single parenting style. In a Web-based survey with 1203 Greek parents, we identified parenting styles and their SDQ reports on their children. According to our results by Latent Profile Analysis, we must use a more complex approach concerning parenting styles. We identified a “Highly Authoritative style” profile with high levels of authoritative, low levels of authoritarian and middle levels of permissive parenting styles. We additionally identified a profile called “Relaxed Authoritative style”, with still high but lower levels of authoritative style, low but slightly heightened levels of authoritarian style, and middle levels of permissive style. A further profile, named “Permissive Focused Authoritative style”, had a mix of high levels of authoritative, moderate levels of permissive, and elevated levels of authoritari...
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
Background. Parents are especially important for young teens, and they have a considerable impact on adolescents' development and social adaptation. One of the important factors for understanding parental influence on children's development is the concept of "parenting style". Objectives. Due to the lack of standard instruments to measure parenting style, this study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Parenting Style-Four Factor Questionnaire (PS-FFQ). Material and methods. The study included 992 mothers of female students in Tabriz, Iran. Construct validity was assessed by using exploratory factor analyses with varimax rotation and principal component analysis extraction method and by confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the feasibility of the measure was judged based on ceiling and floor effects. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined using internal consistency. Results. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed four factors, which included 30 of the 32 items and also accounted for 32.91% of the variance. In the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the fit indices indicated: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.92, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.90, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04, providing a strong fit to the data. The internal consistency for the overall scale was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70). Conclusions. The PS-FFQ provides a more comprehensive assessment of parenting styles of adolescents' parents and may be suitable for wider use. It could also be applicable for psychologists and researchers to examine and identify parenting styles.