Physical Exercise As Stabilizer For Alzheimer'S Disease Cognitive Decline: Current Status (original) (raw)
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Effectiveness of exercise on cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
International Journal of General Medicine, 2013
Physical activity has a protective effect on brain function in older people. Here, we briefly reviewed the studies and results related to the effects of exercise on cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The main findings from the current body of literature indicate positive evidence for structured physical activity (cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise) as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for preventing cognitive decline. More studies are needed to determine the mechanisms involved in this preventative effect, including on strength, cardiorespiratory, and other types of exercise. Thus, the prevention of Alzheimer's disease may depend on healthy lifestyle habits, such as a structured physical fitness program.
Physical Exercise’s Effect on Memory-Related Neurobiological Impairments of Alzheimer’s Disease
Fiep Bulletin- Online
Introduction: The most prevalent symptom related to the Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the impairment in the Working Memory (WM), and the physical exercise display effectiveness, although, limited. Objective: To investigate the effect of physical exercise (PE) on working memory of older adults with memory impairment due to Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Forty-four subjects, all with Alzheimer's disease diagnose were divided into two groups (CG) that received only classical treatment, and Exercise Intervention Group (EIG) that received physical exercise plus classical treatment. The working memory was investigated before and after three months of intervention. The statistical procedure was conducted by Kruskal-Wallis with DUNN'S post hoc test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The CG group display decrease in the WM, however, and EIG showed increasing in the WM performance. Conclusion: PE improves the WM of older adults with memory impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.
Neuroepidemiology
Background: Exercise is hypothesized to improve cognition, physical performance, functional ability and quality of life, but evidence is scarce. Previous studies were of short duration, often underpowered and involving home-based light exercise programs in patients with undefined dementia. The aim of the ADEX ('Preserving Cognition, Quality of Life, Physical Health and Functional Ability in Alzheimer's Disease: the Effect of Physical Exercise') trial is to establish whether aerobic exercise is effective in improving cognition as well as in reducing the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: The ADEX study is a multicenter, single-blind, randomized trial with two arms: an intervention group attending 16 weeks of continuously supervised moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise and a control group receiving usual care. We plan to recruit 192 patients with mild AD. The primary outcome measure is change from baseline i...
Brain Sciences, 2012
The population of elderly adults in the US is growing, and the prevalence of age-related cognitive decline and dementia is expected to increase in turn. Effective and inexpensive interventions or preventive measures are necessary to attenuate the increased economic and social burden of dementia. This review will focus on the potential for physical activity and exercise training to promote brain health and improve cognitive function via neurophysiological changes. We will review pertinent animal and human research examining the effects of physical activity on cognitive function and neurophysiology. We will discuss cross-sectional and longitudinal studies addressing the relationship between neurocognitive health and cardiorespiratory fitness or habitual activity level. We will then present and discuss longitudinal investigations examining the effects of exercise training on cognitive function and neurophysiology. We will conclude by summarizing our current understanding of the relationship between physical activity and brain health, and present areas for future research given the current gaps in our understanding of this issue.
Relationship Between Exercise and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Literature Review
Frontiers in Neuroscience
This narrative review aimed to summarize evidence regarding the responses to exercise among patients with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the effectiveness of long-term exercise interventions in improving cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms. We performed a narrative review of existing literature on the effectiveness of long-term exercise interventions in improving cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with AD. Patients with AD who presented with long-term exercise interventions appeared to have improved blood flow, increased hippocampal volume, and improved neurogenesis. Most prospective studies have proven that physical inactivity is one of the most common preventable risk factors for developing AD and that higher physical activity levels are associated with a reduced risk of AD development. Physical exercise seems to be effective in improving several neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD, notably cognitive function. Compared with medications, exercise has been shown to have fewer side effects and better adherence.
Physical Activity in Preventing Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline: A Narrative Review
A large body of epidemiological and experimental data exploring the relationship between physical activity (PA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are now available. Despite observational evidence supporting a role for PA in delaying the onset of AD, randomised controlled trials have reported mixed findings, likely due to the heterogeneity in study cohorts, outcome measures, and the adopted PA intervention. The primary objective of this narrative review is to evaluate the extant evidence on the relationship between PA, cognitive decline and AD in older populations. The interaction between PA and the putative mechanisms underlying AD progression, including genetic factors and amyloid-b levels will be explored. In this context, particular attention will be given to studies assessing PA in the early clinical and preclinical, asymp-tomatic stages of AD. Based on current evidence, clinical considerations for implementation of exercise-based interventions are discussed, along with limitations of previous research and directions for future studies.
Impact of Physical Activity on Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomised Controlled Study
Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment, 2016
To study the effects of physical training on behavior and balance issues in elderly people afflicted with Alzheimer's disease. Method: Forty patients (average age: 80 years old) participated in the study. The individuals were placed into two groups: a control group, which did not participate in any kind of training, and a trained group, which followed an eightweek training program. The training program comprised 2-3 sessions of light physical activity or walking per week; each session had an average duration of 15-55 min. Before (T1) and after (T2) the training program, an assessment of the psychical, psychological, physical, and functional parameters was conducted. Results: Upon completion of the physical training program, there was a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the Tinetti test (T1: 19.5 ± 4.2 s; T2: 20.1 ± 4.1 s), a significant decrease in the completion time of the "get up and go" track for all of the participants (T1: 23.1 ± 8.1 s; T2: 19.5 ± 6.1 s), and a significant reduction in the seriousness of the behavioral issues observed. Conclusion: This preliminary study revealed that physical training had an overall beneficial impact on Alzheimer's patients, especially on their behavior and balance.
Aerobic Fitness and Cognition Changes After Exercise Training in Alzheimer's Disease
Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology, 2017
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) currently affects 5.4 million Americans and is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. The mechanism of exercise-induced brain adaptations are not fully understood, but enhanced aerobic fitness has been postulated as an essential physiological mechanism and is beginning to be studied. The purpose of this analysis was to examine the relationship between changes in aerobic fitness and cognition following 6 months of aerobic exercise training in older adults with AD. Methods: Twenty-seven community-dwelling older adults with mild to moderate AD completed a 6-month, 3 times per week, moderate-vigorous intensity cycling exercise program in 2 identical studies using a single-group repeated-measures designs. AD symptoms were measured with the AD Assessment Scale–cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), while aerobic fitness was assessed by the intermittent shuttle walk test (ISWT) at baseline and 6 months. Pearson's correlation coefficient ...
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 2021
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric symptoms are disorders frequently seen in Alzheimer's disease. These symptoms contribute to reduction of brain reserve capacity and, in addition, they present unfavorable implications, such as: poor prognosis for the disease, increased functional decline, increased burden on the caregiver and institutionalization. This scenario makes neuropsychiatric symptoms one of the biggest problems in Alzheimer's disease, and gives rise to a need for treatments focused on improving these symptoms. Sow progress in drug trials has led to interest in exploring non-pharmacological measures for improving the neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, such as physical exercise. OBJECTIVE To ascertain the effect of exercise on the neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and its implications. METHODS This was a systematic review of effective longitudinal research, conducted by searching for articles in the PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and Sc...