A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal -Included in the International Serial Directories Agriculture Growth-A life line to Inclusive Growth (original) (raw)

Agriculture :The Way To Inclusive Growth

IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 2013

India's agriculture sector continues to be the lifeline of its people and a key factor in the economy's overall productivity. Historically, India's agriculture growth has lagged growth in the overall economy. In fact, long-term average growth in agriculture has been close to 2%. India's population has been growing at 1.4%. Consequently, India has just managed to maintain its per capita growth in food and non-food crop production. Increasing profitability in agriculture through higher productivity has been an important goal in developing countries like India. It has become more relevant in recent years due to limited scope for expansion of arable land. Increasing yield to their technically highest level may be feasible ,through adequate investment in infrastructure and technology i.e. irrigation, land development, storage, markets, etc. Besides appropriate pricing of inputs and outputs, availability of credit and extension services would facilitate access to available technology. like most other developing countries, India has predominantly been an agrarian economy, with agriculture sector contributing the largest share to gross domestic product (GDP) and employment. Under the colonial regime, Indian agriculture was geared towards the production of commercial crops (tea, coffee, rubber, cotton, etc.), while the food crops suffered from neglect. After independence, India depended heavily on imports of food grains as it inherited a stagnant, low-productivity, food-crop sector. This paper analyses the dynamics of structural transformation of the Indian economy and major drivers of transformation, giving an overview of the past achievements and the future challenges in Indian agriculture, finally identifying the key policy issues and strategies to accelerate sustainable broad-based growth in the agriculture sector in the country.

Sources of Growth in Indian Agriculture: Implications for Food Security and Poverty

Conference Papers, 2016

s policymakers have been targeting 4 per cent growth for the agricultural sector ever since the 9th 5-year plan (1995/96-2000/2001); the target, however, has remained elusive. The sector grew at an annual rate of 3.2 per cent during 1980/81 to 1995/96, the peak of Green Revolution. However, it started showing signs of stress afterwards, with growth in it decelerating to less than 2 per cent during 1996/97 to 2004/05. The poor performance of agriculture was on account of numerous factors such as deceleration in yield growth of important crops such as rice and wheat, decline in public investment and increased frequency of extreme climate events, viz., droughts and floods. Subsequently, many corrective measures were taken to arrest the decline in agriculture and the growth recovered later on, reaching to 3.8 per cent during 2006/07-2011/12. Agriculture remains a key sector of Indian economy because of its strategic importance to food security, employment generation and poverty reduction, despite a rapid decline in its income share to less than 15 per cent in 2012-13. Close to 70 per cent of India's population lives in rural areas and about 70 per cent of it depends on agriculture for its livelihood. By 2030 India's population will exceed 1.5 billion, and to feed this number the country will require approximately 320 million tonnes of food grains, 290 million tonnes of vegetables and fruits, 185 million tons of milk, 26 million tonnes of meat, eggs and fish and 23 million tonnes of edible oils (Joshi and Kumar, 2011). Balancing this demand with domestic supply, however, will not be an easy task. Agriculture will face a confluence of biotic and abiotic pressures. Land, water and energy will emerge as main limiting factors. India's net cropped area has been stagnating at around 140 million hectares; hence there is little scope to source growth through area expansion. Intensification of the existing production systems will be constrained by acute scarcity of water and energy. Moreover, climate change will pose a significant threat to the sustainable development of agriculture. Fostering rapid and sustainable growth in agriculture, thus, remains to be a major policy challenge.

Transforming Indian Agricultural Development for Inclusive Growth"

The agriculture sector is a critical component of the Indian economy with over 60 percent of the country’s population dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. With the huge and disparate climatic and crop diversity across India, it is a challenge to keep the farmers informed about the best practices in agricultural processes. Achieving sustainable agricultural systems will require transformative changes in markets, policy, and science. Internet initiatives for Rural and agriculture development must consider the fact that different regions; organizations and communities have different applications and technical needs.

INDIAN AGRICULTURE: ISSUE AND CHALLENGES ARCHNA SAINI

Agriculture in India, since ancient times is the most crucial sector for ensuring food and nutrition security. It is the key sector in India for generating employment opportunities for the vast majority of the population particularly in rural areas, agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy, despite major emphasis on industrial development during the last for decades. Growth in agriculture not so good and it is real reason of worry. Need more investment, specially in water, agro-R & D, farm mechanization etc. Unfortunately the gross capital formation in agriculture which was 18.3% of agriculture GDP in 2012-13 has fallen to 14.8% in 2014-15. Agricultural development is the necessity to improve productivity, generate employment and provide a source of income to the poor segments of population. The pace of adoption of modern technology in India is slow and the farming practices are too haphazard and unscientific. Some of the basic issues for development of Indian agriculture sector are revitalization of cooperative institutions, improving rural credits, research, human resource development, trade and export promotion, land reforms and education. Future Prospects and Solution for India Agriculture sector is an important contributor to the Indian economy around which socioeconomic privileges and deprivations revolve and any change in its structure is likely to have a corresponding impact on the existing pattern of social equity. Sustainable agricultural production depends upon the efficient use of soil, water, livestock, plant genetics, forest, climate, rainfall and topology. Indian agriculture faces resource constraints, infrastructural constraints, institutional constraints, technological constraints and policy induced limitations.

A Study of the India’s Agriculture Sector: Issues, Prosects and Performance

Economist believes that Indian Agriculture sector achieved its growth upto remarkable level in last few decadess in the terms of Production, Output Growth etc. However there are various commodities in agriculture and allied sector which makes India Major producer in world market such as sugarcane, cotton, wheat, rice, spices, poultry farming, fisheries, livestock, milk, jute, pulses etc. The data of 12th five year plan shows that the target for the growth of agriculture and allied sector was 4.0 per cent annully and the actual achievement was 3.6 per cent annually in the GDP. Although data shows that agriculture and allied sector did not acheved its target which was 4.0 per cent but in case of production, it achieved a remarkable growth rate as compare to the ratio of population. World trade data shows that in a critical condition where other countries was facing slow down in agriculture sector India still has its positive growth in the export of its agriculture and allied sector commodieties. This paper is based on the secondary data which aims to analyse the pattern of growth of agriculuture and allied sector in India. Data have been collected from various government agencies, ministries, RBI etc.

AGRICULTURE IN INDIA: THE GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

Together with its allied sectors, agriculture is unquestionably the largest livelihood provider in India. This is of particular importance in the vast rural areas of the country. According to an estimate by The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), agriculture is the source of livelihood to approximately 47 per cent of the country’s population. Agriculture also contributes significantly (13.9%) to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the nation and thus, plays vital role in the national economy. The Central Statistics Office (CSO) has estimated the share of agriculture (including allied sectors, viz. livestock, forestry and fisheries) being as much as 16.1 per cent of the Gross Value Added (GVA) during the year 2014–15 at 2011–12 prices. During the first quarter of the year 2016, agriculture and allied sectors have been reported to grow year-on-year at the rate of 1.9 per cent and thus, contributed 14.2 per cent of GVA.

Agricultural development and inclusive growth in India

2018

In most parts of the world, especially in the developing nations, the poor face challenges that impair their conditions and limit their opportunities. In order for growth to be inclusive, it should benefit all sectors of the economy while reducing the disadvantages faced by the poor and the underprivileged, as well as ensuring equitable opportunities for all economic participants. In the context of a developing country like India where a major portion of the population is dependent on agriculture for their livelihood, agricultural development forms an important part of any growth measure. One of the many alternative strategies for attaining inclusive growth is through developing an inclusive financial system. Financial inclusion is instrumental to facilitate the economic transaction, manage day-to-day resources, protect against vulnerability, improve quality of life, make productivity-enhancing investments and leverage assets. However, in the Indian agricultural scenario, financial ...