Identification of resistant sources and management of rice blast through fungicides (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 2015
Rice blast caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc. is the important disease of rice and different fungicides against this disease were evaluated in summer 2014 at Karma Research and Development Center, Jyotinagar, Chitwan, Nepal. A susceptible rice cultivar 'Mansuli' was planted in randomized complete block design and fungicides viz. Tricyclazole 22% + Hexaconazole 3% SC (0.2%), Streptomycin 5% + Thiophanate Methyl 50% WP (0.15%), Prochloraz 25% EC (0.3%), Kasugamycin 2% WP (0.2%), Hexaconazole 4% + Zineb 68 % WP (0.2%) and Udaan (Hexaconazole 3% SC) (0.2%) were sprayed thrice at weekly interval starting from the booting stage. All these fungicides were found to be effective in controlling leaf and neck blast disease as compare to control one. Among them, Tricyclazole 22% + Hexaconazole 3% SC was found to be the most effective with least leaf blast severity (6.23%), neck blast incidence (8.97%), and highest percentage disease control (87.08% and 79.62% in leaf blast and neck blast respectively) and grain yield (4.23 t/ha) followed by Prochloraz 25% EC (0.3%) and Udaan (Hexaconazole 3% SC) (0.2%). It is therefore concluded that Tricyclazole 22% + Hexaconazole 3% SC fungicide could be used to control rice blast at weekly interval starting from the booting stage for three times.
FIELD EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES AGAINST BLAST (PYRICULARIA GRISEA) DISEASE OF PADDY
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important cereal crop grown in India. It is a stable food in several major parts of the country. Blast is one of the most important diseases on rice caused by Pyricularia grisea. The pathogen known to attack paddy crop on various stages viz., seedling, tillering and panicle emergence stages due to severe infection the leaves becomes dried and appear to burnt appearance in nursery and also in main field, resulting reduction in the yield of paddy. Twenty two new fungicides were evaluated at recommended doses during tillering, booting and heading stages for the management of blast disease at ponnampet, Mercara district. The fungicides Win, Tricyclazole, Filia and Amistar significantly reduced incidence of leaf and neck blast and increased seed yield than compared to control. The neck blast incidence in Win, Amistar, Tricyclozole and Filia sprayed field was 7.80, 10.87, 13.67 and 20.17 per cent respectively. The highest seed yield was recorded in Filia, Tricyclozole, Sivic, Win and Amistar sprayed fields i.e., 5525, 5527,5251,4905, and 3648kg/ha respectively. The leaf blast and neck blast incidence in control was 29.30 and 58.32 per cent respectively and lowest yield recorded in control field i.e., 619 kg/ha. The new fungicides Win, Amistar and Filia were effective against blast disease and these fungicides are effective in the management of blast disease. Tricyclazole was the best fungicide in controlling the blast disease and increasing yield. Among all the fungicide, Beam and Protega were highly effective against blast disease.
Evaluation of different chemical fungicides against rice blast in field conditions
2021
Evaluation of different fungicides against rice blast was carried out in research plot of the Agronomy farm of IAAS, Prithu Technical College, Lamahi Municpality, Dang district of the Lumbini Province, inner terai region of Nepal during June to November, 2017. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the efficiency of different chemical fungicides against rice blast. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with the use of susceptible variety „Mansuli‟. Different fungicides like Hexaconazole 5% SC (Udaan), Propiconazole 25% EC (Tilt), Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP, Validamycin 3% L, Tricyclazole 75% WP (TRIP) and Biomycin (Kasugamycin 3% S.L.) were applied five times at weekly interval with the doses of 2mL/L of H2O, 1.5mL/L of H2O, 2g/L of H2O, 2mL/L of H2O, 2g/L of H2O and 2mL/L of H2O respectively. From the result, it was concluded that all the fungicides were effective in controlling leaf blast but Tricyclazole 75% WP (TRIP) was more effective am...
Influence of various fungicides on the management of rice blast disease
Mycopath, 2009
Evaluation of different fungicides against rice blast disease was carried out during kharif 2007, at Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku. A highly susceptible rice variety Basmati C-622 was planted in Randomized Complete Block Design and the application of various fungicides viz Rabicide 30WP, Nativo SC, Thiovit 80 WP, Cuproxit 345 SC, Score 250 EC, Filia 525 SC, Armure, Tilt 250 EC, and WSH004 were made with dose rates of 3 g/liter H 2 O, 0.8 gm/liter H 2 O, 10 gm/liter of H 2 O, 3 ml/liter of H 2 O, 1.25 ml/liter of H 2 O, 3 ml/liter H 2 O, 1.2 ml/liter H 2 O, 0.8 ml/liter of H 2 O and 10 ml/liter of H 2 O.
Efficacy of Different Level of Systemic Fungicides on Management of Rice Blast at Baitadi, Nepal
The Geographic Base
Rice blast (Pyriculariaoryzae Cavara) is one of the most devastating diseases affecting the rice crop in across the world. Systemic fungicides are used for the suppression of blast diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Propiconazole and Carbendazim are commercial chemical control products available in markets for the control of the fungal pathogen. An experiment was conducted to examine the effectiveness of systemic fungicide on suppression of rice blast incidence in farmers' field during wet seasons in 2016. The treatments consisted of the use of different levels of propiconazole and Carbendazim on ‘Rato Basmati’ a landrace rice variety. The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The disease was scored according to the standard scale developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Disease severity and Area under Disease Progressive curve (AUDPC) was computed based on that scale score. Propiconazole and Carbendazim ...
Blast disease of basmati rice and its management
International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2017
Basmati rice is an important staple food grain crop in the world. Basmati rice is an important export commodity among the food grains. The biotic and abiotic factors are adversely affected the Basmati rice but Basmati rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara (synonym Pyricularia grisea Sacc). The anamorph of Magnaporthe grisea (Herbert), is one of the most destructive and wide spread diseases as compared to other diseases of Basmati rice. It causes leaf blast, neck blast and panicle blast of paddy. This disease generally causes yield loss of 10-20 percent but in severe cases yield loss may reach up to 80 percent. Management of blast disease using healthy seed, resistance varieties, many biological controls like as T. harzianum, T. viride and P. fluorescens @10g/kg by seed treatment and foliar spray. The chemical control by fungicides such as carbendazim, tricyclazole, isoprothilane, tebuconazole, hexaconazole reduced leaf but not neck blast; on the contrary, tricyclazole was e...
MANAGEMENT OF BLAST (PYRICULARIA GRISEA) OF PADDY THROUGH BOTANICALS AND ORGANIC PRODUCTS
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important cereal crop grown in India. It is a stable food in several major parts of the country. Blast is one of the most important diseases on rice caused by Pyricularia grisea. The pathogen known to attack paddy crop on various stages viz., seedling, tillering and panicle emergence stages due to severe infection the leaves becomes dried and appear to burnt appearance in nursery and also in main field, resulting reduction in the yield of paddy. The experiment on effect of Neem based products with combination of fungicides were tried under field conditions to know the efficacy of this product on rice blast incidence during 2009-10 and 2010-11. The product was sprayed during tillering and panicle emergence stages. Neem azal sprayed field infested with 19.06 per cent neck blast and produced yield up to 2716.5kg/ha. The first spray of Neem azal given during tillering stage and second spray with fungicides viz., Hinosan, Bavistin, Beam, Protega and Neem azal were sprayed during panicle emergence stage. Neem azal followed by protega recorded least neck blast incidence i.e., 15.35 per cent with highest yield of 3059.50kg/ha. In without spray field recorded highest neck blast incidence (66.32%) with lowest seed yield (885kg/ha). In another experiment organic products viz., Cow urine, panchagavya, leaf extract of Eupatorium, Jatropa, Neem were tried against blast disease. All these products have little effect to reduce the neck blast incidence with slight increase in seed yield. The leaf extracts were used alone or in combination with some recommended fungicides. The extracts showed high antifungal activity in Neem azal followed by beam or protega fungicide sprayed field. The Neem azal followed by protega reduced neck blast incidence with increase in yield. Cow urine, panchagavya, leaf extract of Eupatorium, Jatropa, Neem reduced neck blast incidence some extent with slight increase in seed yield.
Effect of different active fungicides molecules on the management of rice blast disease
2012
Evaluation of different fungicides against rice blast disease was carried out during Kharif 2008 and 2009, at State Adaptive Research Farm, Khirpai, Pachim Medinipur, West Bengal. A rice variety MTU 7029 was transplanted in Randomized Complete Block Design and the application of various fungicides viz Nativo 75WG, Gain 75 WP, Score 250 EC, Hexacon Super 5%SC, and Tilt 25 EC, were made with dose rates of 0.4 g l -1 water, 0.6 g l -1 water, 1.25 ml l -1 water, 1.5 ml l -1 water, 1 ml l -1 water. All the fungicides proved to be effective in the management of rice blast disease but, Nativo , Gain and Score proved effective in all the three weeks in reducing the disease percentage more in 3 rd week with 10.15%, 12.85% and 11.46%. The control of disease in case of neck blast was shown by Score, Tilt and Nativo with 11.63%, 14.29% and 18.98% disease respectively. Tilt was proved the least effective in controlling leaf blast and Hexacone Super neck blast.
NEWER SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDES FOR NECK BLAST DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN RICE
Kuttanad region which represents the low-lying lands measuring 25 kilometers East West and 60kms North South is one of the two major rice growing areas in Kerala. The region is often termed as the rice bowl of Kerala (Thomas,2002). Rice suffers from a number of fungal and other diseases in India. Of the fungal diseases, blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara is the most important. In some regions of the country, the disease is endemic causing severe damage to the crop every year(Padmanabhan, et al, 1962).The most common and diagnostic symptom, diamond shaped lesions, of rice blast occur on the leaves.(TeBeest et al., 2007).The fungus attacks all aerial parts of the plants at all stages of growth, although leaves and neck of the panicle are more commonly affected (Rangaswami, 1988).Heavy yield losses have been reported in many rice growing countries. For example 75, 50 and 40 % grain loss may occur in India (Padmanabhan, 1965), Philippines (Ou, 1985) and Nigeria (Awodera and Esuruoso, 1975). The most usual approaches for the management of rice blast disease include planting of resistant cultivars, application of fungicides, and manipulation of planting times, fertilizers and irrigations (Georgopoulos and Ziogas, 1992; Mbodi et al., 1987; Naidu and Reddy, 1989). Fungicidal control is largely practiced for blast disease in many temperate or subtropical rice growing countries, primarily in Japan, China, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam(Kumar et al, 2014). The present study was testing the efficacy of eco-friendly commercially available newer fungicides to overcome the blast disease problem.
Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 11 foliar fungicides against leaf blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea in susceptible rice variety Basmati in Rewa, Madhya Pradesh in India. All the fungicides show effective management of the disease over untreated check. However, among the treatments tricyclazole @ 0.6 g/l/kg, was found significantly superior in controlling the disease severity, number of tillers/plant, number of spikelet/panicle, panicle length, grain yield and 100 seed weight, whereas the tallest plant of the cultivar was noticed in plot sprayed with Carbendazim 50 WP in the same concentration.