Research Paper: Determining the Effectiveness of a Modulated Parenting Skills Program on Reducing Autistic Symptoms in Children and Improvement of Parental Adjustment (original) (raw)
Related papers
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2018
This study aimed to develop a modulated program of parenting skills and to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing autistic symptoms and increasing parental adjustment. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized in two phases, a pretest-posttest design and a control group. First, a treatment program with both individual and group structure was constructed considering available treatments such as cognitive-behavior therapy, social stories, and play therapy catered to autistic children and the needs of their families. The program consisted of techniques such as acceptance, common cognitive errors challenge, control of thoughts, emotions and behavior, the principles of reward and punishment, and crisis management etc. The validity of the program was confirmed by four experts. Secondly, 26 volunteer qualified couples selected from the parents were referred to a rehabilitation center in Tehran, and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The pretest was performed for all participants. Then, the control group was kept away from the program during the 10 sessions of group, four sessions of individual, and two sessions of family therapy for each couple in the experiment group. Results: Univariate analysis of Covariance showed that the program significantly improved marital adjustment in parents (F=22.018, P=0.001), and successfully reduced the symptoms of autistic disorder in social interaction (F=5.733, P=0.027) and relations (F=10.07, P=0.005). However, it did not significantly affect stereotyped behaviors (F=4.304, P=0.053) and development (F=0.448, P=0.511) of autistic children in the experimental group. Discussion: The compiled parenting program is recommended to improve parental empowerment for the families of autistic children, because it is capable of reducing autistic symptoms in social interaction and relationships as well as improving marital adjustment in such families.
The experience of parents with an Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) can be devastating. Parents and families have to cope with the compound, demanding situation in their life. The presence of pervasive and severe deficits in children with ASD increases the adjusting demands of parent’s in their life situations. Those coping with life complexity with the parents of ASD nudge them into stress later into distress slowly incapacitates them that of their efficiency to deal with this situation. These parents are found with disturbances in their psychological parameters such as social, sexual, economic, and emotional. Perhaps this shatters them from their interpersonal relationship and family life. Indeed, these aspects of parental distress stand lower in position, and the focus goes with the treatment of ASD. Thus, the management of ASD by these parents to their deficit child capacitating to reach their fullest abilities remains questionable. Thus, there is a need for intervention of autistic children with a peripheral focus on psychological parameters of parents of ASD. This review study focuses on division of attention required for the treatment of ASD towards the child with autism and the parents who manage them
Psychological intervention with parents of autistic children
Indian Journal of Psychiatry 2002; 44: 108-117
An important component of management of autism is the role played by parents as active collaborators in the process. The case histories of 5 children with autism are described in this report. Psychological intervention carried out with parents of these children is detailed. The treatment package included a mix of behavioural, supportive and educational techniques, delivered in 3-6 sessions of 45- 60 minute each, in the setting of a child psychiatric clinic. Results showed that on the whole parents found this brief contact helpful. They rated emotional aspects of the support offered to be the most helpful. Child psychiatric clinics are often the first point of contact for parents with autistic children, and may have an important, primarily supportive role to play at this early stage of treatment.
The Assessment of Intervention Programs for Autism Including Children and their Parents
American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research, 2019
Abstract This is a review study regarding intervention programs for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from a family concept including both children with autism and their parents, because parents are considered essential parts for the successfulness of any intervention programs. ASD is considered to be a long-term neurodevelopmental disorder that is a long-standing problem in the context of social communication and interaction and the dominance of limited, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities. Intervention programs aim to help ASD patients, especially in the early stages of development. Another objective is to involve the parents of children with ASD in order to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of these interventions. Reviewing the literature has shown that parental involvement reduces stress.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
Background: This study was conducted on a 3-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with average compliance and average perceptive language skills. Delayed developmental milestones observed and concerned. Case Presentation: The case was started on May 2014 and intensive therapy was provided for a period of 11 months. Then, monitoring of case was done for about 5 years till December 2019. The intervention plan was an integrated approach of Psychologist, Speech Language Pathologist, and Physiotherapist and Sensory integration specialist and mainly inclusive of parents in treatment protocol. Acknowledging the importance of parents in therapy, Parents integrated protocol was included which was a new advanced therapy. Results: There is no scientific evidence of this approacha positive outcome and a notable successintervention-(1) reduced stress levels and economical struggle for parents and reduced anxiety in child. (2) Improve child-parent relationship and developing home environment into therapy-based atmosphere. (3) Educating parents to improve their compliance over the difficulties of child and able to help them in supporting the daily activities. (4) Ability to face the social disturbances and balance their emotions to face obstacles. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Parent Integrated Therapy Approach (PITA) with the help of didactic teaching therapy impacts child development in more advanced manner and more chances of child approaching to normal schooling.
A STUDY ON MENTAL HEALTH OF THE PARENTS OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN
This present study was focussed on the mental health of the parents of autistic children to find out the demographic condition of the parents of the children with autism and to measure the mental health of the parents of autistic children. The study was conducted at a special school at Tiruchirapalli; there were 25 children with autism in the institution. The data was collected from all the 25 parents by adopting census method. Descriptive design was used. The first part of questionnaire contained personal data followed by the data regarding mental health of the respondents; Mental Health Inventory MHI (1976) by VD Augustine was applied. Statistical tests like Chi-square test and Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation test were applied to test the hypothesis and to analyse the data. The major findings are : nearly half(48%) of the respondents have low level of mental health, more than half (60%) suffer due to economic problem, majority (72%) belonged to nuclear family. Suitable suggestions were made to strengthen the mental health of the parents of autistic children.
Back ground: Autism is a complex developmental disability that appears during the first three years of life affecting children's ability to communicate with others. Aim: the present study was quasi-experimental aiming to assess the effect of an educational program on knowledge, strains and coping patterns of the family caregivers having autistic children.Setting: the study was conducted in Children and Adolescent Psychiatric Psychiatric Measures Clinic at Ismailia city. The sample: included 36 caregivers and 36 autistic children. Data were obtained through interviewing them using three tools: structured interview questionnaire, caregiver strain questionnaire-short form and brief cope scale. The results: revealed that 44.4% versus 86.1% of the studied caregivers had unsatisfactory and satisfactory total knowledge regarding autism, strains\stressors and copingpre\post-program respectively with a statistically significant difference (P= 0.000).The total strain scores of the studied caregivers were high among 77.8% and still high among 88.9% of them pre\post-program respectively with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The majority (97.2% and 91.7%) of the studied caregivers had high total coping scores pre\post-program respectivelywithnostatistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the educational program significantly increased the total knowledge ofthe studied caregiversand insignificantlynearly maintained their total coping. However, it was insignificantly ineffective in decreasing the total strains of the studied caregivers. Recommendation: Emphasize the importance of carrying out educational programs to improve knowledge, reduce strains and enhance the coping patterns of the family care givers having autistic children.
Family intervention program for autism
COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education
Interventions can minimize the impact of developmental barriers on autism. Inconsistent interventions result in behavioral deterioration. Parents have a big role to provide consistent intervention to children. This study aims to review home intervention programs that family can do at home. The research method used is a literature review. The data collection method used is the literature related to home-based autism interventions and family intervention. The results of the study show several programs that can be applied by families at home. The results showed the intervention models that can be done by family are ABA, PLAY, dan TEACCH. Through this study, it can be concluded that ABA is the most effective technique that can be used as a basis for implementing family interventions. Comprehensive interventions are also highly recommended for home interventions, such as modifying the environment and providing preschool life skills.
The Intervention to Enhace the Coping of Parents of Children with Autism
Psychiatry Nursing Journal (Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa), 2022
Introduction: Autism is a disruption verbal, nonverbal, and social interaction growth in children. Children with autism spectrum disorder have a different parenting program with normal children. A mother who has autism spectrum disorder children need for more space up her time to treat their children right, and sometimes they will have their stress moments because of what they think about their autism spectrum disorder children. This study aims to explain the interventions to enhace the coping of parents of children with autism.Method: The literature was searched using electronic database: Scopus, CINAHL, Science Direct, Sage, Google Schoolar with inclusion criteria include: parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, articles published in 2011-2021 using experimental studies in English and Indonesian. Ten articles obtained for review.Result: Ten articels that fulfill a searching requirement and chosen to be analyzed. From ten articels there are divided into two interventions...
Background: Parents, as the main care providers for the children whose are suffering from autistic disorder need to meet the needs of their children, as well as the need to be healthy and able to assist their children development. The aims of this study were to assess caregivers' coping strategies with their children suffering from autism, develop a counseling program according to caregivers' needs and evaluate the effect of counseling program on caregivers' coping strategies. Subjects and methods: A quasi experimental design was used. A Purposive sample composed of 97caregivers of children suffering from autism (mild to moderate autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were recruited from El Amal-Al Manshood and Tafaoul Centers at Makkah Al Mukkramah in KSA. Tools of data collection: data were collected through using the following tools; A self-administered questionnaire for the caregivers, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES), Family Impact of Childhood Disability (FICD) Scale and Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale (F-COPES). Results: The present study revealed that, there were a statistically significant differences between mean scores of acquiring social support and passive appraisal domains of, Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scales, pre and post counseling program (T. test =2.85 and 2.75, at P value at 0.01 for both domains respectively). Meanwhile there was no statistically significant difference regarding the rest of other domains such as reframing, seeking spiritual support, mobilizing family to acquire and accept help. Additionally, the family cohesion and adaptation categories were clearly positively modified after counseling program, the percentage of family disengaged was decrease from 94.7% to 44.7%. While very connection and connected pattern were increase to 10.5% & 15.8% pre and post respectively. Conclusion: The present study concluded that counseling program improved the caregivers' coping patterns of children suffering from ASD, in addition to their families cohesion and adaptation. Recommendations: The present study recommended that continuous counseling programs are needed to improve the caregivers' of child suffering from autism for their coping patterns. Also, policy makers should integrate supportive counseling programs in the routine programs provided in all healthcare centers for children with special needs. Finally, attention should be paid to raise the public awareness about available community resources for caring child with autism in KSA. [Manal Hassan Abo El –Magd, Nahed Saied El-Nagger, Luma Ghazi Al Zamil, Samera Yaqoub Kashkar. Developing and Evaluating Counseling Program for Caregivers to Cope with their Children Suffering from Autism at Makah Al Mukramah. Life Sci J 2016;13(6):1-11].