Comparison of Body Temperature Between 5min and 10min Glass Mercury Thermometers in Under-5 Children in Axum Saint Mary Hospital, Central Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2017
Background: A wide variety of devices are available to record temperature from skin, oral or rectal mucosa and the tympanic membrane. The accuracy of different devices is varied and the primary objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of digital thermometer against mercury in glass thermometer in children. The secondary objective was to determine the average time taken by the digital thermometer to record the temperature.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in a pediatric ward at Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai. In all 92 febrile children aged 1 month to 12 years admitted in the ward, temperature was measured at the time of admission using both digital and mercury in glass thermometers placed in each axilla after obtaining informed consent. Concordance and discordance of both measurements were determined using Pearson Correlation coefficient and Bland altman plot. Average time taken by digital thermometer to record t...
The comparison and diagnostic accuracy of different types of thermometers
2021
BACKGROUND Fever is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions in children. Although there are many ways to measure body temperature, the optimal method and the anatomic site are still controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of new methods of measuring body temperature and to compare the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of these methods. METHODS The body temperatures of the patients who were hospitalized as inpatients or who presented to the emergency room as outpatients between November 2014- March 2015 were measured and recorded. Mercury and digital axillary measurements, tympanic, temporal artery and non-contact skin temperatures were measured. Measurements were compared with each other. RESULTS According to our results temperature tends to increase over time for up to 8 minutes after placement when using axillary thermometers. Non-contact skin thermometers should be used only for follow-up of patients with fever, because of their low sensiti...
Temperature Measurements in Neonates: Assessing the Agreement of Two Methods
Open Journal of Pediatrics, 2020
Background: Neonatal temperature response during illness is unpredictable. Whereas accurate temperature measurement is an important diagnostic step in Neonatal practice. Abnormalties in temperature pattern may be a pointer to a sinister condition especially in neonates, whose thermoregulatory mechanism is immature. There are several methods of temperature measurements and the search for a suitable thermometry method in neonates continues. This study compared the forehead non touch infra-red thermometer (NTIT) with the axilllary mercury-in-glass (MIGT) method of temperature measurement in neonates. Method: Four hundred babies aged 1 to 28 days were recruited from the immunization clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital between August 2016 and May 2017. Temperatures were taken using both NTIT and MIGT in the standard way and recorded. Result: The mean age and SD was 5.10 ± 4.28 days. Pearson correlation showed a positive correlation between the Axillary Mercury-in-Glass and Forehead Non-Touch Infra-red thermometry readings (r = 0.426, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman method revealed a good agreement between both methods of thermometry as 95.5% of the readings were within the limits of agreement. Conclusion: Axillary Mercury-in-Glass thermometer and Forehead Non touch Infra-red thermometers have a good agreement and can be used interchangeably in neonates.
Open Journal of Pediatrics
Background: Accurate temperature measurement is a critical step in evaluating health or disease especially in children and immmunocompromised subjects; inaccurate measurement may lead to improper diagnosis, wrong treatment or inappropriate intervention. Several methods of temperature measurements exist and comparing these gives room for choosing a near ideal method in terms of speed, safety and accuracy. The study aimed to compare the forehead non touch infra-red thermometer with the axilllary mercury-in-glass method of temperature measurement in the Paediatric age-group. Methods: Study was given ethical approval as part of a larger study. Four hundred and thirty seven children aged 1 to 24 months were studied at the well-baby/immunizationclinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over a 6-months period. Both non-touch infrared and theregular mercury-in-glass thermometers were used to take the body temperatures. Data were analysed with SPSS version 21. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between the two methods of temperature measurements, while Bland-Altman method was used to test for level of agreement between them. Results: The mean age and SD was 5.81 ± 4.04 months. Pearson correlation showed a positive correlation between the axillary mercury-in-glass and forehead non-touch infra-red thermometry readings (r = 0.281, p < 0.001). Also, Bland-Altman method revealed a good agreement between both methods of thermometry as 96% of the readings were within the limits of agreement. Mean difference was 0.09˚C (95% confidence interval 0.05-0.13
A Comparison of Different Methods of Temperature Measurements in Sick Newborns
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2011
We aimed to compare the accuracy of digital axillary thermometer (DAT), rectal glass mercury thermometer (RGMT), infrared tympanic thermometer (ITT) and infrared forehead skin thermometer (IFST) measurements with traditional axillary glass mercury thermometer (AGMT) for intermittent temperature measurement in sick newborns. A prospective, descriptive and comparative study in which five different types of thermometer readings were performed sequentially for 3 days. A total of 1989 measurements were collected from 663 newborns. DAT and ITT measurements correlated most closely to AGMT (r ¼ 0.94). The correlation coefficent for IFST and RGMT were 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. The mean differences for DAT, ITT, RGMT and IFST were þ0.02 C, þ0.03 C, þ0.25 C and þ0.55 C, respectively. There were not any clinical differences (defined as a mean difference of 0.2 C) between both mean AGMT&DAT and AGMT&ITT measurements. Our study suggests that tympanic thermometer measurement could be used as an acceptable and practical method for sick newborn in neonatal units.
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2005
Aim and objectives. The aim of this study was to determine whether a disposable thermometer was at least as accurate as a tympanic thermometer when compared with a mercury-in-glass thermometer and to investigate the waiting periods of mercury-in-glass thermometers.Background. Although different methods of temperature measurement have been widely studied and described during the last decade, comparison between readings obtained when measuring body temperature using disposable, mercury-in-glass and tympanic thermometers is little documented and there is confusion about the waiting periods of mercury-in-glass thermometers.Methods. This research was descriptive and comparative. Temperature measurements included three sequential readings using first a tympanic thermometer in the left ear, then a disposable thermometer in the left axillary area and finally a mercury-in-glass thermometer in the right axillary area. All the temperatures were measured on the Celsius (°C) scale. To identify the stabilization periods of the mercury-in-glass thermometers, the temperature measurement was repeated until the reading stabilized. F-tests were used to compare readings of the mean temperatures.Results. It was found that body temperature readings measured by tympanic thermometer were higher than axillary mercury-in-glass thermometer by 0.12 °C, body temperature readings measured by tympanic thermometer were higher than axillary disposable thermometer readings by 0.65 °C and body temperature readings measured by axillary mercury-in-glass thermometer were higher by 0.53 °C than readings measured by axillary disposable thermometer. It was found that readings measured by mercury-in-glass thermometer stabilized in the eighth minute.Relevance to clinical practice. When assessing body temperature it is important to take the type of thermometer into consideration. In addition, axillary mercury-in-glass thermometers must be kept in place a minimum of eight minutes.
Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 2011
Background: Monitoring of body temperature is an important clinical procedure in the care of sick children, especially the under-5 children, as many disease conditions present with fever. The oral mercury-in-glass thermometer which has relatively good accuracy cannot be used in children less than 5 years because it requires their cooperation. Objective: This study was aimed at using the infrared tympanic thermometer (IRTT) in oral mode to measure temperature in febrile and afebrile children less than 5 years.
Journal of Dr Behcet Uz Children s Hospital, 2017
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of non-contact infrared thermometer (NCIT) by comparing with other thermometers and/or body temperature measurement methods. Methods: The patients were divided into 3 groups: 0-1 year-old babies, >16 year-old female patients, and 1-16 year-old children. The body temperature of all patients was measured by NCIT at the temporal region, and the digital thermometer through the axillary region. Moreover, body temperature of the children was measured with tympanic thermometer and of adults with digital thermometer through oral route. Results: When compared to other temperature measurement methods, in all patients, the temporal temperature was not statistically different to that of rectal temperature (p>0.05); but it was 0.6°C higher than axillary (p<0.001), 0.3°C higher than oral (p<0.001), and 0.1°C higher than tympanic temperatures (p<0.001). If the rectal temperature of ≥38°C has been taken as a reference value for fever; the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for average temporal temperature were 48.5, 99.5, 88.9, and 96.3%, respectively. Based on visual inspection of the Bland-Altman plots, NCIT underestimated the higher body temperatures which resulted in a low sensitivity. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that NCITs can be used as a rapid, hygienic and noninvasive method for excluding fever in children. However, this method has low sensitivity for detecting fever compared to that of rectal measurement and other noninvasive techniques. Although temporal temperature seems to be close to rectal temperature, this method is not ideal for detecting febrile patients yet.