Electrospinning of carboxymethyl starch/poly(L‐lactide acid) composite nanofiber (original) (raw)
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Polymers, 2019
A natural polymer of carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was used in combination with the inorganic mineral of β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) and Poly l-lactide (PLLA) to prepare composite nanofibers with the potential to be used as a biomedical membrane. β-TCP contents varied in the range of 0.25% to 1% in the composition of PLLA and CMS. A mixed composition of these organic and inorganic materials was electro-spun to produce composite nanofibers. Morphological investigation indicated that smooth and uniform nanofibers could be produced via this technique. The average of the nanofiber diameters was slightly increased from 190 to 265 nm with the β-TCP content but some agglomeration of particles began to impede in the fiber at a higher content of β-TCP. It was observed that the fibers were damaged at a higher content of β-TCP nanoparticles. With the presence of higher β-TCP, the wettability of the PLLA was also improved, as indicated by the water contact angle measurement from 127.3 • to 118 •. The crystallization in the composite decreased, as shown in the changes in glass transition (T g) and melting temperature (T m) by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and X-ray diffraction analysis. Increases in β-TCP contributed to weaker mechanical strength, from 8.5 to 5.7 MPa, due to imperfect fiber structure.
Journal of Polymer Research, 2015
The hydrophobic nature of Poly L-Lactide (PLLA) limits its application in tissue engineering and drug delivery. In the present study, three methods were used to modify the hydrophobic properties of PLLA. In one method, hydrophilic PLLA fibers with open porous structure were produced by electrospinning method using water bath collector. In the second method, PLLA was made hydrophilic by the addition of hydrophilic polymers such as cellulose acetate (CA) and in the third method PLLA was blended with hydrophilic silk fibroin (SF) from Bombyx mori silk. The surface morphology of the electrospun PLLA based fibers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The pore size distribution and average fiber diameter of the PLLA based fibrous scaffolds were studied by capillary flow porometry. The contact angle measurements and water uptake test showed remarkable increase in hydrophilicity of the prepared PLLA based fibrous scaffolds. The herbal rich anti-tumor properties of turmeric in the form of curcumin were incorporated into PLLA based scaffolds and the presence of curcumin was identified by FT-Raman. The biocompatibility and anti-cancer activity of the PLLA based scaffolds and curcumin loaded PLLA based scaffolds were studied using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH 3 T3) and human breast cancer (MCF 7) cell lines over a period of 24, 48 and 72 h by {3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium} (MTT) assay. These results confirmed the prepared electrospun fibrous scaffolds as a promising carrier for biomedical applications.
Starch/PCL composite nanofibers by co-axial electrospinning technique for biomedical applications
BioMedical Engineering OnLine
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Structure of poly(lactic-acid) PLA nanofibers scaffolds prepared by electrospinning
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2014
The structural properties of poly(lactic-acid) PLA nanofiber scaffolds prepared by electrospinning have been correlated with their process condition. The influence of the electrospinning processing parameters on structure including fiber orientation, take-up velocity and post-thermal treatment was analyzed. The structure and the properties of the scaffolds were studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The existence of crystallinity into the nanofibres of PLA was found. The careful observation by HRTEM shows an amorphous core and a semicrystalline shell structure (supramolecular), and the surface of nanofiber observed by AFM shows a laminate periodic along the main axis of the fiber. These observations will be useful in understanding the structure-property relationships of oriented nanofibre scaffolds for medical or biological applications.
Polymer, 2009
This article presents the effect of twin-screw extrusion processing parameters, including temperature and rotational speed of screws, on the structure and properties of four grades of polylactide (PLA). To evaluate the critical processing parameters for PLA and the possibilities for oxidative and thermomechanical degradation, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), oscillatory rheological analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were used. The influence of degradation induced by processing temperature and high shearing conditions on the quality of the biodegradable polyesters with different melt flow indexes (MFIs)was investigated by color analysis within the CIELab scale. The presented results indicate that considering the high-temperature processing of PLA, the high mass flow index and low viscosity of the polymer reduce its time of residence in the plastifying unit and therefore limit discoloration and reduction of molecular weight due to the degradation process during melt mixing, whereas the initial molecular weight of the polymer is not an essential factor.
European Polymer Journal, 2018
Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) nanofiber scaffold has enjoyed great interest as a candidate bioactive material for tissue regeneration. However, the hydrophobic nature of PLA and its weak mechanical properties with poor ductility and low strength hinder its practical applications. In this study, coaxial electrospinning was used to fabricate core-shell composite nanofibers with PLA in the core and PVA in the shell with significant enhancements in the surface wetting and mechanical properties. More specifically, the core/shell-structured PLA/PVA nanofiber mat exhibited excellent hydrophilic properties with a water contact angle of 27 ± 1.5° compared to 110° ± 2.5° for pristine PLA. Moreover, the fabricated composite nanofibers displayed nearly 254 % and 175 % increase in tensile strength and strain at failure, respectively, compared to pristine PLA (14.5 MPa vs. 4.1 MPa for tensile strength and 110 % vs. 40% for ductility). The coaxial electrospun PLA(core)/PVA(shell) nanofibers also showed suitable properties for proliferation, and attachment of human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). These excellent combined mechanical, surface wetting, and cytocompatibility properties clearly demonstrate the potential applications of the synthetic core-shell PLA/PVA composite nanofibers in biomedical and tissue regeneration.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2017
Electrospun nanofibers of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PV) were obtained to improve dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) within hydrophobic biopolymeric matrices, such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Electrospun nanofibers (PV/CNC)n were successfully obtained with a final concentration of 23% (w/w) of CNC. Morphological, structural and thermal properties of developed CNC and electrospun nanofibers were characterized. X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis revealed that the crystallinity of PV was reduced by the electrospinning process, and the incorporation of CNC increased the thermal stability of biodegradable nanofibers. Interactions between CNC and PV polymer also enhanced the thermal stability of CNC and improved the dispersion of CNC within the PLA matrix. PLA materials with CNC lyophilized were also casted in order to compare the properties with materials based on CNC containing nanofibers. Nanofibers and CNC were incorporated into PLA at three concentrations: 0.5%, 1% and 3% (CNC...
Journal of Polymer Engineering, 2017
Blends of poly(lactic acid)/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) were electrospun under various conditions to study the influence of solution concentration, feed rate and voltage supply on the morphology of the nanofibers. To improve compatibility and to help produce fine electrospun nanofibers, an L-lactide/caprolactone (LACL) copolymer was introduced as a compatibilizer in the PLA/PCL blends. It was found that the solution concentration was a principal governing factor. The mean diameter of the fibers increased with the solution concentration, feed rate and voltage. Too high of a concentration and feed rate caused the fibers to stick to each other. A slow feed rate, 10% solution concentration, and 20 kV voltage were capable of producing thin, smooth and uniform fibers. Preliminary biocompatibility assays of the nanofibers were conducted with NIH 3T3 cells. The cells grown on the nanofiber blend exhibited spindle-like morphologies. The addition of PCL and LACL copolymer was found to improve ...
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2019
Poly(L-lactic acid-co-succinic acid-co-1,4-butane diol) (PLASB) was synthesized by direct condensation copolymerization of L-lactic acid (LA), succinic acid (SA), and 1,4-butanediol (BD) in the bulk using titanium(IV) butoxide as a catalyst. The weight-average molecular weight of PLASB was 2.1Ý 10 5 when the contents of SA and BD were each 0.5 mol/100 mol of LA. Electrospinning was used to fabricate porous membranes from this newly synthesized bioabsorbable PLASB dissolved in mixed solvents of methylene chloride and dimethylformamide. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that the fiber diameters and nanostructured morphologies of the electrospun membranes depended on the processing parameters, such as the solvent ratio and the polymer concentration. By adjusting both the solvent mixture ratio and the polymer concentration, we could fabricate uniform nanofiber non-woven membranes. Cell proliferation on the electrospun porous PLASB membranes was evaluated using mouse fibroblast cells; we compare these results with those of the cell responses on bulk PLASB films.