Lee, S., Riley-Behringer, M., Rose, J., Meropol, S., & Lazebnik, R. (2017). Parental vaccine acceptance: A logistic regression model using pre visit decisions. (original) (raw)
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Association of vaccine-related attitudes and beliefs between parents and health care providers
Vaccine, 2013
Objectives: Health care providers influence parental vaccination decisions. Over 90% of parents report receiving vaccine information from their child's health care provider. The majority of parents of vaccinated children and children exempt from school immunization requirements report their child's primary provider is a good source for vaccine information. The role of health care providers in influencing parents who refuse vaccines has not been fully explored. The objective of the study was to determine the association between vaccine-related attitudes and beliefs of health care providers and parents. Methods: We surveyed parents and primary care providers of vaccinated and unvaccinated school age children in four states in 2002-2003 and 2005. We measured key immunization beliefs including perceived risks and benefits of vaccination. Odds ratios for associations between parental and provider responses were calculated using logistic regression. Results: Surveys were completed by 1367 parents (56.1% response rate) and 551 providers (84.3% response rate). Parents with high confidence in vaccine safety were more likely to have providers with similar beliefs, however viewpoints regarding disease susceptibility and severity and vaccine efficacy were not associated. Parents whose providers believed that children get more immunizations than are good for them had 4.6 higher odds of holding that same belief compared to parents whose providers did not have that belief. Conclusions: The beliefs of children's health care providers and parents, including those regarding vaccine safety, are similar. Provider beliefs may contribute to parental decisions to accept, delay or forgo vaccinations. Parents may selectively choose providers who have similar beliefs to their own.
Validity and reliability of a survey to identify vaccine-hesitant parents
Objective: To assess the construct validity and reliability of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines survey. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey of parents of 19–35 month old children in a closed model HMO. We used factor analysis to confirm survey sub-domains and Cronbach's to determine the internal consistency reliability of sub-domain scales. Construct validity was assessed by linking parental responses to their child's immunization record. Results: Our response rate was 46% (N = 230). Factor analysis identified 3 factors that explained 70% of the total variance for the 18 survey items. We deleted 3 items that failed to load highly (>.4) on an identified factor, correlated poorly with other items, or had a hesitant response that was not associated with increased under-immunization. Cronbach's coefficients for the 3 sub-domain scales created by grouping the remaining 15 items were .74, .84, and .74, respectively. Children of parents with survey scores of 50–79 had 14% more days under-immunized from birth to 19 months (95% CI: 8.0, 20.5) than those with parents who scored <50. Scores of ≥80 were associated with 51% more days under-immunized (95% CI: 38.2, 63.4). Conclusion: The revised survey is a valid and reliable instrument to identify vaccine-hesitant parents.
Parental Attitudes and Perceptions Towards Vaccines
Cureus, 2020
Success of any vaccination program and uptake of children's vaccines largely depends upon the parents' perceptions and attitudes. This study provides a snapshot of parents' views towards vaccines included in the nationally-funded vaccination program, together with two unfunded vaccines in Kocaeli, Turkey. Methods Data were gathered from a convenience sample through a questionnaire that explored the sociodemographic factors of the parents and the vaccination status of their children. The survey content was based on Health Belief Model. Mann-Whitney test was used for comparisons as there is no prior information regarding data distribution and the dependent variable is represented on an ordinal scale. Out of 300 parents who brought their children into the pediatrics polyclinics, 262 parents responded positively and took part. The questionnaires were filled out by mothers alone 67.6 % (n=177), 28.6 % (n=75) by fathers and mothers (both present), 3.1% (n=8) by fathers alone and the remaining 0.8% (n=2) were filled by other relatives. Results While the majority of diseases prevented by the vaccines were perceived to be serious, pneumococcal infection and chickenpox were considered to be less serious and there was no strong opinion for the rotavirus vaccine. The main reasons that influenced parents' decisions towards unfunded vaccines were advice from a pediatrician and the cost. Lastly, demographic factors such as family income, mothers' education and job types of mothers were important in contrast to previously published studies. Conclusions The acceptance of a new vaccine depends on a complex interaction of factors, but parents' perceptions may vary considerably. The main factors influencing parental acceptance are the availability of information and the cost. Therefore, for a new vaccination program to succeed, it should be funded by the government and a specific public health education program should be undertaken.
Vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents: An international ID-IRI survey
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Introduction: Although vaccines are the safest and most effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, the increasing rate of vaccine hesitancy and refusal (VHR) has become a worldwide concern. We aimed to find opinions of parents on vaccinating their children and contribute to available literature in order to support the fight against vaccine refusal by investigating the reasons for VHR on a global scale. Methodology: In this international cross-sectional multicenter study conducted by the Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI), a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was used to determine parents’ attitudes towards vaccination of their children. Results: Four thousand and twenty-nine (4,029) parents were included in the study and 2,863 (78.1%) were females. The overall VHR rate of the parents was found to be 13.7%. Nineteen-point three percent (19.3%) of the parents did not fully comply with the vaccination programs. The VHR rate was higher ...
Maternal and Child Health Journal, 2022
Objectives Increasing vaccine hesitancy and decreasing acceptance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) recommended schedule for childhood vaccines represent a crucial public health issue. The present study directly compares vaccine acceptance behavior across four different groups: those who are fully accepting of the CDC-recommended schedule, those who are accepting but on a delayed schedule, those who only partially vaccinate, and those who do not vaccinate at all. Methods A total of 779 adults residing in the United States with at least one child under the age of 18 years participated in an online survey. Results Logistic and Ordinary Least Squares regression analyses revealed clear differences between the vaccination behavior groups on a variety of demographic, psychographic, and behavioral metrics. Results suggest financial and insurance-related barriers still hinder full vaccination, and there are differences by race, ethnicity, and educational attainment. Sources of information about vaccines also differed by vaccination behavior group, with those who never vaccinate more likely to rely on friends and family for information. Finally, those whose child experienced what the parent interpreted as an adverse reaction to a previous vaccine, even if that reaction was within the bounds of "normal", were more likely to report they delay or partially vaccinate. Conclusions for practice These results have implications for public health policy and intervention campaigns, in particular that two-step flow campaigns and increased knowledge of normal vaccine side effects may ameliorate some vaccine hesitancy.
Dynamics of Vaccine-Hesitant Parents’ Considerations Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination
Social Science Research Network, 2022
VHPs-vaccine hesitant parents. FDA-Food and Drug Administration Article Summary: Encouraging and discouraging considerations re COVID-19 vaccination are explored and identified in vaccine hesitant parents. What's known on this subject: Most studies found that vaccine uptake is improved among well-to-do or highly educated parents. Severity of the disease and safety of the vaccination are the main factors influencing the decision. What this study adds: The dynamics of attitude change toward vaccination among VHPs may be affected by several different factors. Chief are children's preferences and individual health characteristics, side effects and speed of vaccine development .
ver the past few years, an increasing number of European pediatricians, particularly primary care pediatricians, are facing the growing threat of vaccine hesitancy and refusal, a sort of a "cultural epidemic," which seems to progressively affect the families of children under their care. In several communities, a growing number of individuals are delaying or refusing available recommended and/or mandatory vaccinations for themselves and their children. Furthermore, vaccination is increasingly perceived as unsafe and unnecessary by a rising number of parents, although it has been widely proven and recognized to be one of the greatest, safest, and most successful public health measures ever adopted. Pediatricians have a potential major influence on parental vaccine decisions. However, their task is complicated by the complexity of the vaccine hesitancy phenomenon and its multifactorial nature. 1,2 Programs based on physiciantargeted communication interventions, designed to reduce vaccine hesitancy in mothers of infants seen by trained physicians and to increase physician confidence in communicating about vaccines, are reported to have failed to reduce maternal vaccine hesitancy or to improve physician self-efficacy. 3 Our aim is to describe vaccine hesitancy and refusal in an effort to further raise the awareness of pediatricians on this potential threat for their communities, and, in particular, for children under their care.
Vaccine Hesitancy: The Growing Parent–Provider Divide
Asia Pacific Media Educator
Vast majority of parents continue to immunize their children against deadly infectious diseases. However, of late, growing number of them in both developed and developing nations have refused vaccination forcing the World Health Organization to declare vaccine hesitancy as one of the top ten major threats to global health. This research reviews literature published in the last few years to understand and explain the phenomenon. It identifies 10 reasons for people’s reluctance for vaccination: parental concerns, perceived disease susceptibility, parent–provider relationship, government policies, role of school authorities, weak interpersonal communication (IPC) skills of health workers, religious beliefs, role of media, social media and information on vaccines, and lack of trust. The review categorizes parents who hesitate or refuse vaccination into four categories: obedients, ditherers, doubters and defiants. Finally, it summarizes recommendations and steps that researchers and poli...