Recent progress in the use of hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines (original) (raw)

Recent progress in hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014

Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines (H2ICEs) have been the topic of research for many decades, and contemporary reviews have surveyed the relevant literature. Because of a number of relatively large R&D projects that have been ongoing recently, much progress has been made that is worth reporting. Specifically, this paper reviews the advancements made in plotting the possibilities offered by direct injection of hydrogen, in-cylinder heat transfer, modeling and combustion strategies (on an engine as well as vehicle level). These efforts have resulted in impressive efficiency numbers, both at peak and part load operation, while keeping emissions far below regulatory limits and reaching satisfactory specific power outputs. New demonstration vehicles have been put on the road showing the relatively low barriers (on a vehicle level) to introduce hydrogen engined transportation and these are briefly described. The paper discusses the merits of H2ICEs but also what makes them potentially unfit as a realistic alternative. Finally, the paper concludes with the main areas of research that require further efforts.

Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2009

The threat posed by climate change and the striving for security of energy supply are issues high on the political agenda these days. Governments are putting strategic plans in motion to decrease primary energy use, take carbon out of fuels and facilitate modal shifts.

Prospective Study of the Main Internal Combustion Engines Running on Hydrogen: State of the Art

International journal of research and review, 2024

Several studies have revealed the high GHG emissions of the road sector compared with other sectors. One alternative is to replace fossil fuels with others that are less harmful to the environment. Hydrogen is positioned as an adaptable solution for existing engines, especially internal combustion engines. This article presents an analysis of internal combustion engines and the different fuels used to date. In addition, the properties of hydrogen, and the current state of research into the use of hydrogen in internal combustion engines, are discussed. After a presentation of the properties of hydrogen, it goes on to describe the hydrogen combustion process, the possible anomalies caused by its properties, and a few possible modifications for adapting an internal-combustion engine to hydrogen, initially using either gasoline or diesel.

HYDROGEN AS FUEL IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A number of manufacturers are now leasing demonstration vehicles to consumers using hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines (H 2 ICEs) as well as fuel cell vehicles. Developing countries in particular are pushing for H 2 ICEs (powering two-and three-wheelers as well as passenger cars and buses) to decrease local pollution at an affordable cost. This article offers a comprehensive overview of H 2 ICEs. Topics that are discussed include fundamentals of the combustion of hydrogen, details on the different mixture formation strategies and their emissions characteristics, measures to convert existing vehicles, dedicated hydrogen engine features, a state of the art on increasing power output and efficiency while controlling emissions and modeling.

Update on the Progress of Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines

2013

This chapter provides an overview on the use of hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines. First, pros and cons are discussed for using hydrogen to fuel internal combustion engines versus fuel cells. Then, the properties of hydrogen pertinent to engine operation are briefly reviewed, after which the present state-of-the-art of hydrogen engines is discussed. Ongoing research efforts are highlighted next, which primarily aim at maximizing engine efficiency throughout the load range, while keeping emissions at ultra-low levels. Finally, the challenges for reaching these goals and translating lab results to production are discussed.

Hydrogen Fueled Internal Combustion Engine: A Review

Continuous and fast depletion of the fossil fuels and exponential growth in the industrial demand for conventional fuels are increasing sharply. This is demanding the circumstances to carry out research in order to find out the viable alternate fuels, for meeting sustainable energy demand with minimum environmental hazards, cost effective and safe. All the above challenges can be addressed by the use of hydrogen as an alternate fuel. In this paper the fundamentals of the hydrogen as a fuel in the internal combustion engine has been discussed. Fuel properties such as combustion, performance and emission characteristics of hydrogen fuelled engine are been described.

AN OVERVIEW OF HYDROGEN FUELLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

This paper describes hydrogen technologies for the solution of long term internal combustion engine fuel problem with better reliability. A short overview about hydrogen is explained with some comparison among petrol and diesel. This report also includes some evaluations and discussions of implications of the combustion process of hydrogen systems in the following pages. The calculation of flame temperature for complete combustion and equilibrium and mixture pressure is explained in more detail. The general purpose of the article is to understand how efficiently hydrogen technology can be used as a fuel in the engine such as spark ignition and compression ignition and solve the World`s increasing engine fuel problem in our century.

A comprehensive overview of hydrogen engine design features

Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D-journal of Automobile Engineering, 2007

Realizing decreased CO 2 emissions from the transport sector will be possible in the near future when substituting (part of) the currently used hydrocarbon-fuelled internal combustion engines (ICEs) with hydrogen-fuelled ICEs.

A Review of Hydrogen as a Fuel in Internal Combustion Engines

Energies

The demand for fossil fuels is increasing because of globalization and rising energy demands. As a result, many nations are exploring alternative energy sources, and hydrogen is an efficient and practical alternative fuel. In the transportation industry, the development of hydrogen-powered cars aims to maximize fuel efficiency and significantly reduce exhaust gas emission and concentration. The impact of using hydrogen as a supplementary fuel for spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines on engine performance and gas emissions was investigated in this study. By adding hydrogen as a fuel in internal combustion engines, the torque, power, and brake thermal efficiency of the engines decrease, while their brake-specific fuel consumption increase. This study suggests that using hydrogen will reduce the emissions of CO, UHC, CO2, and soot; however, NOx emission is expected to increase. Due to the reduction of environmental pollutants for most engines and the related enviro...