Evaluation of Different Drumstick Genotypes (Moringa sp.) Against Salt Stress (original) (raw)
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Global NEST International Conference on Environmental Science & Technology
Moringa oleifera (L) is a promising species to be used in reforestations of dry areas. A question that remains to be investigated is its resistance to salinity conditions. This work’s major goal was to investigate the response of this species in increasing salinity conditions, in order to increase our understanding on the mechanisms of tolerance and/or sensitivity and of the morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of Moringa plants under a salt constraint. Moringa seedlings were subjected to increasing concentrations of NaCl, 0 (control), 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl. The results suggest that the variations in the responses of the parameters analyzed depend on the concentration and the duration of application of the salt. Vertical growth, relative average growth rate (RGRh), and relative water content showed a great variability of responses, depending on the concentration and the duration of application of NaCl. Leaf area (SF) was affected by salinity whereas leaf succulence index...
Response of Moringa oleifera to Saline Conditions
International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2012
Moringa oleifera is being cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas for nutritional, medicinal and fodder purposes. The present study was conducted to study the seedling growth, physiological and nutritional changes of moringa under different salinity levels (2, 4, 8 & 12 dS m-1). Growth parameters, chlorophyll a and b, ß-carotene, mineral (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous), crude protein, total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidants activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalse (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were investigated. It was found that moringa seedlings survived up to 8 dS m-1 with a slight reduction in its biomass, chlorophyll a, crude protein and mineral contents and antioxidants' activity increased with increasing salinity. Plant biomass, chlorophyll a contents, SOD and POD activity and mineral contents (Ca, K & Mg) were reduced significantly but CAT, total phenolics, β-carotene and chlorophyll b, sodium and phosphorous contents increased significantly up to 12 dS m-1 as compared to control. A positive correlation was found between salinity levels and root biomass, sodium, phosphorous, chlorophyll b, TPC and antioxidants' activity but a negative correlation was recorded between salinity levels and shoot biomass, calcium, magnesium, potassium, crude protein and chlorophyll a contents. These findings suggest that moringa can tolerate moderate saline conditions owing to better antioxidant system, activating defensive enzymes and better ionic homeostasis.
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science
Mungbean is a delicious popular pulse crop whose yield is hampered by biotic and abiotic factors. Salinity is considered serious abiotic stress that hinders growth and yield drastically. To find out the response features of salinity tolerance in mungbean, a series of experiments were carried out in the Department of Crop Botany of BSMRAU. The experiment was performed in the greenhouse of the Crop Botany department using nutrient solution under hydroponics conditions. Initially, fifty-two mungbean genotypes were used in the experiment to screen out a susceptible and tolerant genotype. The results indicated that salinity affected the plants at various morphological characteristics namely plant height, and dry matter of root, stem, and fruit. The genotypes were placed in four groups based on their performance in salinity. A higher quantity of proline with a lower amount of Malon-dialdehyde was observed with the increase in salinity. Chlorophyll content increased initially and after tha...
Growth and Mineral Status of Moringa Plants as
For evaluation of moringa growth and its minerals content response to irrigation with diluted seawater and spraying by potassium silicate solitary (Si) or in combination with salicylic acid (Si+SA), a pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt. Negative relationship was shown between salt stress degree and plant growth characters i.e. plant height, leaves area and dry weight of root, stem and leaves, which decreased as the salt concentration increased in the diluted seawater. Nevertheless, shoot/root ratio and leaf water content were increased with salinity increased. All growth characters increased with Si+SA addition. While adding sole silicate gave more plant height than the combined application without significant difference between them. The highest positive effect was shown when plants irrigated by tap water and spraying with Si+SA together. Significant depressions were obtained in nitrogen concentration or content as a result of growing moringa plants under salinity condition. Similar response in P content but the differences were not significant. Calcium and K concentrations did not significantly responded with salinity but Mg concentration decreased significantly only with the first level of salinity. Calcium showed its higher 164 increment in content by spraying single Si under fresh water treatment. In most cases, application of potassium silicate in combination with salicylic acid gave the higher increases in mineral content estimated in this work. This means that, a synergistic effect was found between these two materials.
PLOS ONE, 2022
Salinity in soil and water is one of the environmental factors that severely hinder the crop growth and production particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of salinity levels (1.5 dS m-1, 3.5 dS m-1, 7.5 dS m-1 and 11.5 dS m-1) on emergence, growth and biochemical traits of moringa landraces under completely randomized design having three replications. Four landraces of Moringa oleifera (Faisalabad black seeded moringa [MFB], Patoki black seeded moringa [MPB], Faisalabad white seeded moringa [MFW] and Rahim Yar Khan black seeded moringa [MRB]) were selected for experimentation. All the salinity levels significantly affected the emergence parameters (time to emergence start, time to 50% emergence, mean emergence time, emergence index and final emergence percentage) of moringa landraces. However, 1.5 dS m-1 and 3.5 dS m-1 were found more favorable. Higher salinity levels (7.5 dS m-1 and 11.5 dS m-1) significantly minimized th...
Dendrobiology, 2021
Salinity stress severely affects the growth, physiological and developmental processes in plant species. Melia dubia is an ecologically and economically important tree species of the Indian subcontinent. However, systematic information with respect to the species salt tolerance potential is completely lacking. Under salt stress conditions, determining suitable soil EC range is required for the better survival, growth and productivity of the tree species. In present study, we investigated the effects of different soil salinity (EC 4, 8, and 12) levels on the ion homeostasis, physio-biochemistry, morphology, and growth of M. dubia plant. Results revealed that increase in soil salinity causes higher Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratio, while lower K+ content, in the leaf tissues of M. dubia. The physiological processes such as the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate were adversely affected with the increased salt stress levels. Morphol...
Int. J. Agric. Biol, 2004
Influence of NaCl salinity was studied on four mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes to decipher the changes in visual signs of salt damage, growth and seed yield, mineral nutrient and pigment composition at early vegetative (EVS), late vegetative (LVS) and reproductive (RS) stages of growth. Although the genotypes exhibited sensitivity to salinity at all stages, salt tolerance (mM 50 ; NaCl level in mmol L -1 at which growth or yield reduces to 50%) ranged from <39 (NM-98) to >51 (NM-54). Most salt tolerant genotype (NM-54) displayed reduced tip burning, low chlorosis and necrosis of young leaflets (two top trifoliate leaves) increased total plant dry mass, greater number and area of green leaves, and seed yield per plant. Tissue analysis revealed that Na + and Clcontent of young leaflets was lowest in NM-54, while highest in NM-98 (Na + ) and NM-92 (Cl -). However, old leaflets (two bottom green leaves) were indiscriminately affected. Enhanced chlorosis and necrosis of leaves were directly related to increased ionic content of leaves. Although the levels of leaf N, P, K + and Ca 2+ were reduced due to salinity, marked genotypic differences were evident. NM-54 excelled the other genotypes in greater nutrients content of young leaflets at all stages. Chlorophyll (Chl)-a, -b and carotenoid (Car) content decreased due to salinity in young and old leaflets at all stages. NM-54 followed by NM-89 showed lowest reduction in the pigment content of young leaflets. Chl-a:b ratio of young leaflets increased in the sensitive genotypes but remained steady in the tolerants. Enhanced chlorosis and necrosis of leaflets were ascribed to excess-ion induced loss of chlorophyll and mineral nutrient deficiency. Although iontoxicity is a noxious factor, greater nutrient and pigment contents of young leaves is crucial for better growth and improved salt tolerance of genotypes. Reduced chlorosis and necrosis of leaves can be taken as important visual criteria of salt tolerance at all stages.
2014
Water scarcity and drought are the main constraints of crop production. Many technologies have been developed to cope with this environmental problem. So improve crop management under limited amount of available water is a me asure issue to maximize the return by unit of water (water product ivity). To achieve the aforementioned objectives, a pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the National Researc h Centre at summer season of 2013 to evaluate the e ffect of foliar application of potassium sulphate (K 2SO 4), mono potassium phosphate (KHPO 4) and ferrous sulphate (Fe SO 4) at the rate of 1% in addition to distilled water as a control treatment. on growt h, and mineral status of Moringa plants grown under different water regimes (irrigation after depletion of 40 % of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil (W.H.C.) i.e. no rmal water supply, 60 % of (W.H.C.) i.e. moderate soil moisture stress and 80 % of (W.H.C.) i.e. severe moisture stress. However, severe moist...
Research article SCREENING OF MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA (L.) WILCZEK) GENOTYPES FOR SALT TOLERANCE
2013
Thirty nine mungbean genotypes exhibiting distinct and significant response during screening for salt tolerance at early seedling growth stage were screened at vegetative, flowering and pod-filling growth stages up to the harvest under two salinity stress levels i.e. 50 mM and 75 mM NaCl along with their respective control treatment. The experiment was conducted in earthen pots lined with polythene bags in complete randomized block design with reliable growth and physiological characteristics along with yield attributes. The results illustrated significant variations and adaptability among all the genotypes under salt stress. The tolerant genotypes were observed for less reduction in RWC, MSI, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, plant length, survival, K + /Na + ratio, and grain yield even under high salinity level (75mM NaCl) with respect to their non-stressed plants. However, the susceptible genotypes showed greater reduction in the measured parameters under salinity stress...
Effect of Diluted Red Sea Water on Growth Behavior and Chemical Component of Moringa Plants
Annual research & review in biology, 2021
Background: Moringa tree is a drought resistance tree, fast-growing, Moringa leaves, flowers and pods are a food source for human and animals. It is a rich source of calcium, iron and a good source of vitamins, B, A, C, amino acids. Shortage of water resources for irrigation especially in reclaimed soil considered is one of the great problems to cultivate traditional crops. Thus, nowadays the use of the non-traditional source of water, such as saline water is very important. Results: The obtained data recorded that the lowest level of salinity (4000 ppm) decreased plant height, fresh and dry weight of leaves, the stem fresh and dry weight, stem diameter recorded decreased. Increasing salinity levels up to 16000 ppm high reduction was registered in the previously mentioned parameters except for leaves number. The interaction between salinity and proline concentration exhibited in most cases reduction in total chlorophyll. Carbohydrate content, protein, nitrogen%, calcium%, recorded r...