Assessment of the contamination of trace metal in Balu River water, Bangladesh (original) (raw)

Heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediment of the Meghna River, Bangladesh

Globally alarming ten heavy metal (Zn, Al, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co) concentrations were estimated in surface water and sediment of the Meghna River in Bangladesh from September 2015 to March 2016. Heavy metals were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results indicated that, all the metals in water were found below the safe limit of drinking water standard of WHO (1993) and EU (1998) with the exclusion of Fe, Ni and Al. In sediment, all the trace metals were recorded below the limit compared to other scientific results. For three seasons at two sampling points no significant difference in heavy metals was founded at the significance level (p > 0.05). Multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis and correlation matrix disclosed prevalent anthropogenic interferences of Zn, Al, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co in water and sediment. The very strong positive correlation was recorded between Fe vs Al (0.992), Mn v's Cu (0.948), Fe vs Mn (0.939), Zn vs Al (0.929), Fe vs Zn (0.920) in water. In sediment, very strong linear relationships were found in Cd vs Zn (0.999), Cd vs Cu (0.998), Zn vs Cu (0.996), Cd vs Ni (0.995), Ni vs Cu (0.994), Ni vs Zn (0.993) etc. at the 0.05 significance level which direct their common origin exclusively from industrial effluents, municipal wastes and agricultural inputs. Necessary steps should be taken to protect this River from pollution and also to reduce the environmental risk.

Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metals in surface water of the upper Banar River, Bangladesh

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 13(1): 110-122, June, 2023

The main focus of the research was to examine the dispersion of elements and evaluate the possible ecological impact of heavy metals in the water of the Upper Banar River. To achieve this, water samples were obtained from ten different locations along the river, and the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and As were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results exhibited that the abundance of Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and As in water varied from 1.10 to 3.20, 0.11 to 1.30, 1.30 to 13.50, 1.14 to 1.91, 0.39 to 0.75 and 1.44 to 2.56 µgL-1 , respectively. Mean (±SD) concentrations of considered metals declined with the following downward direction: Cu (5.07±4.11) > As (1.94±1.15) > Cr (1.81±0.63) > Cd (1.42±0.23) Pb (0.55±0.12) > Ni (0.54±0.41), indicated that concentrations were reasonably assorted throughout the observed region. Moreover, the Upper Banar River water was contaminated with heavy metals, but the pollution level was not significant based on HPI analysis. Based on the computed HEI values, water quality is deemed low hazard and lower degrees of contamination. Overall, the river's water was still in good condition and had low levels of contamination, as per PI and CD ratings. Upper Banar River water's computed ERI ranged from 7.24 to 12.16, which showed a low-risk level. The study concluded that the Upper Banar River experienced some metallic pollution because of anthropogenic disturbances. Thus, responsible authorities should immediately implement appropriate management strategies and conduct routine water quality monitoring.

Assessment of toxic metals in water and sediment of Pasur River in Bangladesh

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2018

This study was conducted to assess the levels of toxic metals like arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in water and sediments of the Pasur River in Bangladesh. The ranges of Cr, As, Cd, Pb in water were 25.76-77.39, 2.76-16.73, 0.42-2.98 and 12.69-42.67 μg/L and in sediments were 20.67-83.70, 3.15-19.97, 0.39-3.17 and 7.34-55.32 mg/kg. The level of studied metals in water samples exceeded the safe limits of drinking water, indicating that water from this river is not safe for drinking and cooking. Certain indices, including pollution load index (PLI) and contamination factor (C) were used to assess the ecological risk. The PLI indicated progressive deterioration of sediments by the studied metals. Potential ecological risks of metals in sediment indicated low to considerable risk. However, the Cvalues of Cd ranged from 0.86 to 8.37 revealed that the examined sediments were strongly impacted by Cd. Considering the severity of potential ecological risk (PER) for s...

Comprehensive Evaluation of Some Toxic Metals in the Surface Water of Louhajang River, Bangladesh

2021

Louhajang River, Bangladesh, crosses Tangail, which is a densely industrialized and urbanized city. Louhajang River is an essential water source for domestic, irrigation, and urbanization purposes. This study reports the levels of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and some toxic heavy metals in 40 water samples collected during summer and winter seasons from Louhajang River. The levels were found to be in the ranges of pH 6.22-7.43 and EC 345-798 mS/cm, Cr 0.18-13.2, Ni 0.02-19.04, Cu 0.96-15.92, As 2.18-12.51, Cd 0.02-2.42, and Pb 0.49-15.74 µg/L. The winter season reported higher levels of the examined parameters than the summer season with significant variation (p < 0.05) for all parameters, with the exception of Cd. The metal contents were assessed against local and international standards for drinking, irrigation and aquatic life purposes where different trends were observed. The heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) and the ecological risk index (ERI) reported low to moderate ...

Metal pollution in water and sediment of the Buriganga River, Bangladesh: an ecological risk perspective

Desalination and Water Treatment, 2020

Both industrial and domestic wastewater are drained into the Buriganga River, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In order to screen metal pollutant levels and to assess ecological risks, this study was conducted on water and sediment samples from the Buriganga River. A total of 13 metals in water and sediment samples were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. For sediment samples, the geo-accumulation index (I geo), contamination factor (CF), potential ecological risk index, and pollution load index (PLI) were calculated. The I geo increased in order of Ag > Pb > Cu > Zn > Hg > Cd > Cr > Co > Ni > As > Se > Sb > Be > Tl in both summer and winter seasons. The CFs identified major contaminating (moderate to very high) metals to be Ag, Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg, and Cd. Hg and Cd posed the highest ecological risk in the study area, and 86% of samples showed moderate (95-190) to considerable (190-380) ecological risk index. PLI attributed ~71% of the sampling site ar...

Physicochemical Properties and Metallic Constituent Load in the Water Samples of the Buriganga of Bangladesh

The study was conducted to assess the level of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mn, Cd and Ni contamination in the water samples of the Buriganga river. Total 14 water samples were collected from different areas of upstream of the Buriganga river to determine the physicochemical properties, concentration of different metallic constituents and assess the heavy metal pollution load. Atomic Absorption Spectrometer was used for analyzing the heavy metals of the samples. The mean concentration of Ca, Mg, Na, K in water samples were 0.779, 0.889, 140.39, 26.9 µg mL-1 , respectively. The mean concentration of Cr, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn in the water samples were 0.17, 0.05, 0.67, 0.22, 0.55 and 0.17 µg mL-1 , respectively. The amount of Cd in all samples and Pb in 10 samples was below detectable limit of the instrument (0.01 µg mL-1). Water pH ranged from 4.09 to 7.41 and EC was 346 to 7720 S cm-1. Magnitude of heavy metal pollution in the Buriganga river system implies that the condition is very alarming and may severely affect the aquatic ecology of the river. To minimize the severe impact on city dwellers and aquatic ecology of the Buriganga river, sustainable steps and continuous monitoring on pollution prevention and cleanup operation is suggested.

Studies on Heavy Metal Pollution of Karnaphuli River, Chittagong, Bangladesh

2015

The Karnaphuli, a major river of Bangladesh, is polluted in several ways particularly through industrial and sewage disposal. Increased anthropogenic activities have increased the potential pollution of the river, especially, the heavy metal pollutants which may be toxic to humans and aquatic fauna. Presence of heavy metals in the river water causes perilous impact on the aquatic organisms. Hence, regular monitoring of pollution levels in the river is indispensable. The present study dealt with the heavy metals distribution viz. Cadmium (Pb),Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni) in water of Karnaphuli River during rainy and winter seasons. Four stations were selected for collection of water samples in different locations. Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) analysis of water sample of four discharge points reveals that the concentration of Lead (Pb) may be very low as AAS could not detect the amount present in the water samples, whereas, that of Nickel (Ni) and Cadmium (Cd) were...

Distribution, Concentration, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Sediment of a Tropical Bangladeshi Urban River

Sustainability

Trace metal contamination in sediments is a global concern. This study aimed to assess the contamination level of trace metals, their sources, and ecological risk in surface sediments of Karnaphuli River—a tropical urban river in Bangladesh. Forty-five sediment samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) for Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni metals along with physicochemical parameters like pH and organic matter (OM). The pollution status and potential ecological risk were assessed by using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and potential ecological risk index (PERI). Source identification of trace metals was performed by correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results show that the range of Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni concentrations were 0.62–1.61 mg/kg, 23.95–85.70%, 0.52–1.89 mg/kg, 7.99–12.90 mg/kg, 33.91–65.47 mg/kg, 0.77–1.17 mg/kg, and 2.73–5.36 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration...