Manuscrisele unui savant român necunoscut. Renaștere asiatică și autonomie europenă la Constantin Georgian (Colocviile Revistei Transilvania, ed. a XIV-a, Sibiu, 17-19 mai 2018) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Revista de istorie și teorie literară, 2023
A lost manuscript book. The world geography copied by Sava Popovici from Rășinari (1785): The paper discusses a manuscript book – known in a copy made by the priest Sava Popovici (1735-1808) from Rășinari in the year 1785 –, which was described in 1912 and 1915. Its trace was completely lost afterwards and it attracted attention only once, in a marginal way. Our research has led to the identification of the original – a Russian introductory book for the students of the Saint Petersburg academic gymnasium – and to a plausible proposal for its anonymous author: the Prussian astronomer Christian Nicolaus von Winsheim (1694-1751), who was teaching after the famous schoolbook of Johann Hübner. We are also proposing the most probable author of the translation: the schoolmaster Radu Duma (174?-1791) from Brașov. Its final sections discuss the image of India as described in its chapter on Asia and, respectively, its probable use as a textbook in a number of schools from the South-Eastern part of Transylvania: Brașov, Rășinari, and Sibiu.
Diacronia, 2017
Vita di Pietro este o lucrare alcătuită de grecul Antonio Catiforo în limba italiană, publicată la Veneția, în 1736; o versiune a sa în limba greacă a fost publicată tot la Veneția, un an mai tîrziu, de către Alexandros Kankellarios. Lucrarea conține șase cărți și sintetizează informațiile oferite de surse referitoare la epoca și personalitatea țarului rus. În română, ea a cunoscut mai multe traduceri la jumătatea și în a doua perioadă a secolului al XVIII-lea, în toate cele trei provincii românești. Numărul mare de copii arată interesul de care s-a bucurat această lucrare în epocă. Articolul de față prezintă cîteva particularități ale transferului numelor proprii din limba-sursă în limba-țintă. Am analizat patru tipuri de nume proprii: horonimul Moscovia și etnonimul aferent, horonime occidentale, antroponime rusești, antroponime de alte origini, urmărind felul în care traducătorii se raportează la sursă și diferențele dintre versiuni din acest punct de vedere.
2023
Nicola Nicolau: an Intellectual with an Unfair Posterity: This is the first in a series of three articles discussing the life and work of Nicola Nicolau (1762-1837), a Romanian merchant and scholar from the Transylvanian town of Brașov (Kronstadt, in the Habsburg Empire). Its chapters deal with Nicolau’s family and life, the books published by him, the question of their authorship, their sources, their circulation, and, finally, with Nicolau’s teaching activity. While settling, on the basis of primary sources, a number of earlier hypotheses and debates, it proposes some new hypotheses, which should be checked against further primary evidence.
Geography and encyclopaedism. Revisiting Gheorghe Lazăr: Between 1810 and 1822, Gheorghe Lazăr (1779/82-1823) composed or compiled four geography textbooks for the use of the Romanian schools of Transylvania and Walachia: a mathematical geography (1810), a geography of Transylvania (1815), an astronomical geography (1820), and a world geography (1822), respectively. The first two were destined for publication in Transylvania, but his superior blocked all attempts. The last two were used in the St. Sava College of Bucharest, and – according to a 1822 manifesto – the world geography was being prepared for publication. Like most of Lazăr’s Nachlass, they have been lost after his death. The present article discusses all the available information about these books and attempts to identify their sources on the basis of contextual data. It also underlines Lazăr’s long lasting interest for the subject matter of geography, which has been neglected by both his biographers and the historiography of geographical studies in Romanian culture. My thesis is that it should be understood as part of Lazăr’s encyclopaedicism, another dimension of his intellectual formation and academic profile which has been neglected. The last section, which places Lazăr in the context of the geographical textbook production during his mature life and the decades following his death, shows that many other manuscript textbooks have met with the same fate: they failed to reach the printing press and – sooner or later – have been lost.
Revista de istorie şi teorie literară, 2023
Mircea Eliade’s Interwar American Project: In his first year spent in India, 1929, Mircea Eliade nurtured two projects related to America, which remained unaccomplished. On the one hand, he was planning a long return trip to his homeland, which would pass through the United States. On the other hand, he considered obtaining a teaching position in an American university, the first target being Harvard. This early American project – hitherto unexplored – becomes symbolic in the perspective of Eliade’s subsequent evolution and choices. Decades later, as a professor at the University of Chicago, he turned down an invitation to occupy a chair at Harvard, which offered him far better conditions and opportunities than those in Chicago. We present here the first results of an ongoing research that tries to clarify all the details related to the young Eliade’s American project.
2013
This paper discusses the interaction between the discourses of empire and nation as it emerged in the debates about the proper object of research and the criteria for legitimacy of the newly founded discipline of ethnography in the Russian Empire in the last decades of the 18 th and throughout the 19 th century. A special emphasis will be laid upon the particular features of the appearance and evolution of ethnographic preoccupations in the Russian Empire starting with the second half of the 18 th century, when the first attempts at the synthesis and classification of ethnographic enquiries can be discerned, and spanning the first half of the 19 th century. In this context, the case of Bessarabia represents an illustrative example of the uneasy interaction between the specialized and supposedly "objective" knowledge of learned experts and the agendas of the central and local authorities and officials. My basic goal has been to uncover the relationship between the "imp...
Activitatea tipografică la Chișinău în perioada veche a cărții românești
2020
The article highlights the printing activity in Chisinau in the old period and the circumstances in which the synodal exarchate was abolished. The idea of creating a new religious administrative unit and framing the annexed territory in a new diocese is analyzed. Important contributions regarding the history of printing in Chisinau are reflected
Ph.D. thesis (University of Bucharest - History; University of Bordeaux - Political Science), 2016
Notre recherche doctorale se propose comme objectif d’éclaircir comment s’est développé et structuré le discours identitaire aroumain-roumain (à savoir, celui qui conçoit les aroumains en tant que membres du peuple roumain), dés ses origines à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, jusqu’à l’indépendance roumaine, en 1878.Le discours identitare qui nous préoccupe a ses origines dans les écrits de Teodor Anastasie Cavalioti (1770) et de Daniel le Moscopolitain (1794). Les propos communiqués par Constantin Hagi Gehani à Johann Thunmann donnent au discours identitaire aroumain-roumain la première formulation explicite nous ayant parvenu (1773). Ces propos sont repris et développés dans les ouvrages de Constantin Ucuta (1797), Gheorghe Constantin Roja (1808, 1809) et Mihail Boiagi (1813). Les récits de voyage des voyageurs étrangers ayant traversé les Balkans entre 1800 et 1860 nous révèlent que le discours identitaire aroumain-roumain représente une reconfiguration de l’ethnicité aroumaine, oeuvrée de sorte à mettre cette ethnicité en convergence multisymbolique avec la nationalité roumaine des Daco-Roumains Nord-danubiens. Les revolutionnaires Nord-danubiens de 1848 prennent le discours en question à leur propre compte. Ils conçoivent un plan d’action politique à entreprendre aux Balkans au nom des idées soutenues par ce discours identitaire. Le plan est mis en œuvre par les agents du mouvement aroumain-roumain qui prend son essor en Roumanie après 1859 ; le mouvement emporte son premier succès important en 1878, avec le décret de Savfet Pacha – un document qui institue l’assimilation de l’ethnicité aroumaine – ayant déjà été modelée par le discours aroumain-roumain – à la nationalité roumaine. Our doctoral research sets out to clarify how the aromanian-romanian identitary discourse (namely, the one which conceives the Aromanians as members of the Romanian people) has been developed and structured since its origins at the end of the XVIIIth century, until Romanian independence, in 1878.The identitary discourse which concerns us has its origins in the writings of Teodor Anastasie Cavalioti (1770) and Daniel the Moscopolitan (1794). The points conveyed by Constantin Hagi Gehani to Johann Thunmann give to the Aromanian-Romanian identitary discourse its first explicit formulation having reached us (1773). These ideas are taken up and developed in the works of Constantin Ucuta (1797), Gheorghe Constantin Roja (1808, 1809) and Mihail Boiagi (1813). The travel writings of foreign travelers having traversed the Balkans between 1800 and 1860 reveal that the Aromanian-Romanian identitary discourse constitutes a reconfiguration of the Aromanian ethnicity, crafted so as to place this ethnicity in multisymbol congruence with the Romanian nationality of North-Danubian Daco-Romanians. The North-Danubian revolutionaries of 1848 take up the aforementioned discourse. They conceive a plan of political action to be2executed in the Balkans in the name of the ideas upheld by this identitary discourse. The plan is set in motion by the agents of the Aromanian-Romanian movement which takes root in Romania after 1859; the movement registers its first major success in 1878, with the decree of Savfet Pascha – a document which officialises the assimilation of the Aromanian ethnicity – having already been shaped by the Aromanian-Romanian discourse – by the Romanian nationality.