Better Result in Packet Loss and Saving Energy in Ad-Hoc Network by using Improved MAC Protocol (original) (raw)

An Improved MAC Protocol to Reduce Packet Loss and Energy Wastage in Ad-Hoc Networks

An Ad-Hoc network is a wireless, decentralized, dynamic network in which devices associate with each other in their link range, in which the basic 802.11 MAC protocol uses the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) to share the media between various devices. But use of 802.11 MAC protocol in Ad-Hoc networks affected by different issues such as restricted power capacity, packet loss because of transmission error, various control traffic and failure to avoid packet collision. To solve these problems various protocols have been proposed. But we don’t have any perfect protocol which can resolve the issues related to power management, packet collision and packet loss efficiently. In this research paper, we suggest a new protocol to adjust the upper & lower bounds for the contention window to decrease the number of collisions. As well as it proposes a power control scheme, triggered by the MAC layer to reduce the packet loss, energy wastage and decrease the number of collisions during transmission. The proposed MAC protocol is implemented and performance is compared with existing 802.11 MAC protocol. We computed the Packet Delivery Fraction(PDF), average End-to-End(e-e) delay, average throughput and packet loss in several conditions. We find proposed protocol is comparatively improved than the existing protocol.

Survey on Distributed MAC Protocol for Power Saving in Mobile Ad Hoc Network

2012

Wireless network adopts centralized transmission technique for transmission of power. But typical wireless ad hoc network do not have centralized coordinators for transmission of power, so it is difficult for a node in ad hoc network to predict the future transmissions of its neighbours. Thus instead of centralized transmission, distributed MAC protocols are widely adopted in wireless ad hoc network. We discuss various distributed MAC protocol for power saving. Keywords— Power Control, Medium Access Control (MAC), IEEE 802.11, ad hoc networks, routing table (RT), Collision Avoidance Multiple Access (CSMA/CA).

ADVANCED AND EFFICIENT MAC PROTOCOL FOR MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORK.

International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2018

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. To accommodate the changing topology special routing algorithms are needed. The Media Access Control (MAC) data communication protocol sub-layer provides addressing and channel access control mechanisms that make it possible for network nodes to access common wireless channel through distributed coordination function (DCF).This work proposes a new power controlled MAC protocol based on IEEE 802.11. Network Simulator 2 (NS2) has been used for simulation. It saves considerable amount of power and achieves the performance matching with that of IEEE 802.11

CF-MAC and H-MAC Protocols for Energy Saving in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

2005 IEEE 61st Vehicular Technology Conference

Wireless Ad-Hoc networks are widely adopted in contexts where a temporary network connectivity is required. The distributed and flexible architecture of these networks is a key strength but, due to the scarce energy resources available at each station, innovative energy efficient MAC algorithms are required in order to extend as much as possible network lifetime, while providing acceptable throughput and delays. Starting from the theory of Balanced Incomplete Block Design (BIBD), this paper proposes two power efficient MAC algorithms, which will be referred to as Hybrid MAC (H-MAC) and Collision Free MAC (CF-MAC). The H-MAC algorithm combines standard IEEE 802.11 power saving features with a BIBD-based schedule. CF-MAC, instead, is a fully BIBD-based protocol, which allows a collision free transmission over a shared wireless medium. The performance of the proposed MAC schemes have been compared with the standard 802.11 power saving algorithm using computer simulations, showing that: (1) CF-MAC improves the overall network throughput and reduces the energy consumption with respect to the 802.11 power saving while guaranteeing acceptable delays; (2) H-MAC reduces the energy consumption with respect to 802.11 power saving while guaranteeing the same throughput, at the expense of higher delays.

A Power Efficient MAC Protocol for IEEE 802.11 Multihop Ad Hoc Networks

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006

Power management is a critical issue for portable devices. To reduce power consumption of a portable device, our basic idea is to switch a node from active state to sleep state when its transmission finishes. In this thesis, we propose a power efficient MAC protocol (PEMP) for IEEE 802.11 multihop ad hoc networks. Most of related work targeted at single hop ad hoc networks. In PEMP, when a node intends to transmit data, it will piggyback a data profile, including data size, on ATIM* and ATIM-ACK*. ATIM* and ATIM-ACK* are ATIM and ATIM-ACK with a piggybacked data profile, respectively. In this way, senders and receivers can inform their neighbor nodes of the data profiles. Then, each node calculates its transmission priority according to the collected data profiles. Based on transmission priorities, PEMP can schedule a better transmission sequence. In addition, similar to DPSM [11], PEMP also adjusts the ATIM window dynamically. By decreasing the idle time in active state and adjusting the ATIM window dynamically based on network conditions, the power consumption of PEMP is 20 % less than that of DPSM. PEMP is suitable for multihop ad hoc networks and can achieve a better tradeoff between power consumption, throughput and delay.

An Energy Efficient MAC Protocol for Fully Connected Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2014

Energy efficiency is an important performance measure of wireless network protocols, especially for battery-powered mobile devices such as smartphones. This paper presents a new energy-efficient medium access control (MAC) scheme for fully connected wireless ad hoc networks. The proposed scheme reduces energy consumption by putting radio interfaces in the sleep state periodically and by reducing transmission collisions, which results in high throughput and low packet transmission delay. The proposed MAC scheme can also address the energy saving in realtime traffics which require very low packet transmission delay. An analytical model is established to evaluate the performance of the proposed MAC scheme. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has a significantly lower power consumption, achieves substantially higher throughput, and has lower packet transmission delay in comparison with existing power saving MAC protocols.

Implementation of IEEE 802.11 MAC Protocol in AD-HOC Network through Various Parameters

IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is standard for wireless local area networks (LANs), and has also been implemented in many network simulations for wireless multichannel ad hoc networks. However, it is well known that, as the number of active channel increases, the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC in terms of delay and throughput is decreased especially when each station load approaches its saturation state. Since delay and throughput are important Quality of Service parameters in many wireless applications, we study the performance of different multi-channel Media Access Control (MAC) protocols in ad hoc networks by considering various parameters. This paper presents a new approach for performance evaluation of IEEE 802.11 medium access control MAC protocol for ad-hoc wireless network. The approach based on implementation of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol in various parameters are calculated such as throughput and minimum access delay on varying number of nodes of IEEE 802.11 protocol which is a standard MAC protocol. The accuracy of the analytical result is verified by NS-2 software tool.

Power control MAC protocol analysis and improvement for ad hoc networks

2004

Several MAC layer power control protocols have been proposed to address the limited power supplies in ad hoc networks. Recent protocols suggest varying the transmission power such that the RTS/CTS handshake is done at the maximum, and the Data-ACK are transmitted at the minimum necessary transmission power level. It has also been suggested to periodically use maximum transmission power during Data transmission. However, using the maximum transmission power level in RTS/CTS handshake does not solve the hidden node problem and in fact causes throughput degradation. Also, IEEE 802.11 does not allow the power levels to change in the same transmission. In this paper, we review different power control MAC protocols, and analyze the effect of transmission power levels on the hidden node problem and the throughput. We then propose an efficient low-power MAC protocol that reduces power consumption and improves throughput. We validate our protocol via detailed simulations.

An enhanced multi-channel MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks

2012 14th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS), 2012

In the wireless ad hoc network, utilizing the multiple channels at Medium Access Control (MAC) layer is on of the key techniques to improve the network performance. It can be done by multi-channel MAC to utilize the channels resource as much as possible. Wireless nodes are usually powered by battery and thus are limited in power capacity. The IEEE 802.11 Power Saving Mechanism (PSM) is used to conserve energy for the ad hoc networks by allowing nodes to enter doze mode when there is no need for data exchange. In this paper, we propose a hybrid and adaptive protocol, named H-MMAC, by adopting IEEE 802.11 PSM. In H-MMAC, nodes exchange control messages on default channel to negotiate the data channel during the ATIM (Ad hoc traffic Indication Message) window. The difference of H-MMAC compared to other multi-channel MAC protocols is that the other nodes can transmit data packets on data channels based on the network traffic load. This means H-MMAC can utilize the channel resources more efficiently. The simulation results show that our proposed H-MMAC improves the network performance significantly in terms of aggregate throughput, average delay and energy efficiency. Index Terms-Multi-channel, MAC protocol, Ad hoc networks.

An Energy Efficient Multi-channel MAC Protocol for wireless ad hoc networks

2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2012

The IEEE 802.11 [1] provides multiple channels for wireless communications at the Physical Layer, but the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is only designed for a single channel. If the multiple channels can be exploited by multichannel MAC protocol, there can be multiple transmissions on different channels. Besides that, the power control algorithm can improve the spatial reuse of wireless channels. In this paper, we combine the multi-channel MAC protocol and the power control algorithm together to exploit multiple channels and improve frequency reuse. The main idea of our proposal is to use IEEE 802.11 Power Saving Scheme (PSM) with different transmission power levels in the ATIM window and the data window. All nodes transmit ATIM/ATIM-ACK/ATIM-RES messages with the maximum power while contending the data channel during the ATIM window, and use the minimum required transmission power in the data window on their negotiated channels. The simulation results show that the proposed E-MMAC improve the performance of the network: aggregate throughput, average delay and energy efficiency.