Pilgerzentren in Kleinasien: Heilige, Orte und Wege (original) (raw)

Das Synaxar von Konstantinopel als Pilgerführer? – Hypothesen zur Rolle des Synaxars bei der Verehrung von heiligen Orten in Byzanz

The Synaxarion of Constantinople as a Pilgrim Guide? – Hypotheses on the Role of the Synaxarion in the Veneration of Sacred Places in Byzantium The Synaxarion was, like the other hagiographic collections, a means of cult propaganda. Unlike the menologia, with their far fewer, but much more extensive vitae, it emphasised the abundance of the Byzantine Empire’s saints. At the same time, it served as a hagiographic reference work at a time when – activated by the emperors but also motivated by personal piety – more and more people were becoming interested in hitherto lesser-known saints. With the Synaxarion, the prerequisites were created first for virtually bringing the empire into the city of Constantinople and making it performatively tangible, but then also for travelling through it beyond Constantinople on a spiritual pilgrimage, thereby entering into a relationship with the empire by becoming acquainted with its history and spatial extent. By means of the Synaxarion he commissioned, the emperor positioned himself at the vanguard of the cult of the saints; at the same time, he placed himself under their protection, who as a whole symbolised his empire and appealed to the recipients to worship them as well, which included a pilgrimage. Le synaxaire de Constantinople: un guide du pèlerin? Hypothèses sur le rôle du synaxaire dans la vénération de lieux saints à Byzance A l’instar d’autres collections hagiographiques, le synaxaire était un outil de propagande cultuelle. Et contrairement aux ménologes qui regroupent des vitae bien moins nombreuses, mais plus détaillées, il met en évidence la profusion de saints dans l’Empire byzantin. Il servait également d’ouvrage de référence hagiographique à une époque où de plus en plus de gens – certes poussés par les empereurs, mais aussi motivés par leur piété personnelle – s’intéressaient à des saints encore peu connus. Le synaxaire donnait la possibilité de transférer l’Empire en ville de Constantinople et de le découvrir de façon performative, puis d’entamer un pèlerinage spirituel à travers l’Empire et, ce faisant, se familiariser avec son histoire et son étendue, et d’établir une relation avec lui. En commandant ce synaxaire, l’empereur plaçait sous sa protection le culte des saints auquel il adhérait et dont l’ensemble symbolisait son empire, enjoignant en même temps les destinataires à les vénérer de leur côté, ce qui impliquait un pèlerinage.

Handelsmetropole und Pilgerstation

2018

Commercial Center and Pilgrims' Thoroughfare: Jeddah in the Late Ottoman Period This article discusses changing notions of "foreignness" in nineteenth century Jeddah. This was a town where traders of the Red Sea and adjacent oceans, as well as pilgrims en route to Mecca met, and often settled. The article argues that Jeddah was a cosmopolitan city in the sense that it allowed, for most of the century, for these different groups to co-exist peacefully. In the course of the nineteenth century, legal as well as political and economic conditions changed and, arguably, increasingly regulated and complicated this co-existence. The article describes on the basis of a number of examples how ethnic, political and sectarian identities were constructed and changed over time. Arguably, this impacted most dramatically on those Muslims stemming from regions which had come under European protection. Earlier considered predominantly as co-religionists, they now came to be regarded as ...