Can the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Test be the “gold standard” for the motor assessment of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder? (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire as a screening instrument
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2006
Disorder Questionnaire (DCD-Q) in a random sample of 608 children aged 4-12 years (mean age 7.8 (SD 2.4); 311 boys/297 girls), a sample of 55 children with DCD aged 4-12 years, referred to a rehabilitation clinic (mean age 8.3 (SD 2.0); 48 boys/7girls) and a control sample matched for age and gender. The DCD-Q proves to be reliable and valid both in the age range for which the questionnaire was developed and in a younger age range (4-8 years). Sensitivity and specificity of the DCD-Q was assessed using the Movement ABC as gold standard. The DCD-Q meets standards for sensitivity in the clinic-referred sample, but not in the random sample. Specificity almost reaches the desired standard of 90% in both samples.
Can the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Test Be The
Research in …, 2010
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is an important risk factor in the development of children that can have a significant academic and social impact. This reinforces the need for its timely identification using appropriate assessment methods and accurate screening tests. The commonly used standardized motor test for the DCD identification is the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Test (M-ABC Test) (Henderson & Sugden, 1992). The aim of the present study was to examine if the M-ABC Test can be considered to be the “gold standard” for the motor assessment of children with the aforementioned disorder. For that purpose, a critical review of the extant literature regarding M-ABC Test's psychometric properties was conducted. Neither the test manual nor the studies reviewed provide support for the reliability and validity of the M-ABC Test results in children with DCD. Until sufficient evidence for its technical adequacy is accumulated, the M-ABC Test should not be used in isolation for children with DCD.
Psychometric Properties of the Revised Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire
Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 2009
The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) is a parent completed measure designed to identify subtle motor problems in children 8 to 14.6 years of age. The purpose of this study was to extend the lower age range to children aged 5 to 7 years, revise items to ensure clarity, develop new scoring, and evaluate validity of the revised questionnaire. Additional items with improved wording were generated by an expert panel. Analyses of internal consistency, factor loading, and qualitative/quantitative feedback from researchers, clinicians and parents were used to select 15 items with the strongest psychometric properties. Internal consistency was high (alpha = .94). The expanded questionnaire was completed by the parents of 287 children, aged 5-15 years, who were typically developing. Logistic Regression Modelling was used to generate separate cut-off scores for three age groups (overall sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 71%). The Revised DCDQ was then compared to other standardized measures in a sample of 232 clinically-referred children. Differences in scores between children with and without DCD provide evidence of construct validity (F (1,230) = 81.7, p < .001). Concurrent validity is evident with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (r = .55) and the Test of Visual Motor Integration (r = .42). The Revised DCDQ can be considered a valid clinical screening tool for children.
Human Movement Science, 2003
This paper reports on the motor and functional outcomes of 20 children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) aged 4-8 years consecutively referred to a pediatric physiotherapy service. Children with a Movement ABC (M-ABC) score less than the 15th percentile, and with no concurrent medical, sensory, physical, intellectual or neurological impairments, were recruited. The Motor Assessment Outcomes Model (MAOM) [Coster and Haley, Infants and Young Children 4 (1992) 11] provided the theoretical base for measurement selection, and preliminary findings at the activities and participation levels of the model are reported in this article. Children with DCD performed at the lower end of the normal range on the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (fine motor total score) (M ¼ 85:65, SD ¼ 12.23). Performance on the Visual Motor Integration Test (VMI) standard scores was within the average range (M ¼ 96:15, SD ¼ 10.69). Videotaped observations of the children's writing and cutting indicated that 29% were left-handed and that a large proportion of all children (31%) utilized unusual pencil grasp patterns and immature prehension of scissors. Measurement at the q Based on conference presentation at Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), participation level involved use of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance (PCSA) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). Overall, these young children rated themselves towards the more competent and accepted end of the PCSA over the dimensions of physical and cognitive competence and peer and maternal acceptance. The PEDI revealed generally average performance on social (M ¼ 49:98, SD ¼ 16.62) and mobility function (M ¼ 54:71, SD ¼ 3.99), however, self-care function was below the average range for age (M ¼ 38:01, SD ¼ 12.19). The utility of the MAOM as a framework for comprehensive measurement of functional and motor outcomes of DCD in young children is discussed.
Evaluation of a screening instrument for developmental coordination disorder
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2004
Methods: A sample of 209 children (M ؍ 121; F ؍ 87) consented to the BOTMP test, CSAPPA scale, Participation Questionnaire, Léger 20-meter Shuttle Run, and body fat using bioelectric impedance. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Kappa statistic were used to validate the CSAPPA scale as a predictor for significant clumsiness on the BOTMP test. Results: Prevalence of DCD was .09 ؎ .03 of both males and females, all previously undiagnosed. A positive cutoff of < 47 and < 53 for DCD on the CSAPPA scale was identified in male and females, respectively. Both gender cut-offs demonstrated significant agreement (p < .01) with a positive BOTMP test. Males' results indicated a sensitivity and specificity values of .90 (CI ؍ .18) and .89 (CI ؍ .22). Likewise, the female subject cutoff demonstrated high sensitivity [.88 (CI ؍ .05)] and specificity [75 (CI ؍ .09)]
The latest guidelines recommend early identification of children with motor impairments using a standardized norm-referenced test. Motor coordination difficulties in developmental age have been studied extensively over recent years, with experimental literature on developmental coordination disorder (DCD) suggesting that motor proficiency assessments depend on the nature of the task at hand. In this article we reviewed 14 assessment tools to measure movement performance in childhood and adolescence, which are often referred to in an international context. This updated review aims to compare motor tests depending on a) the nature of the tasks included in the battery (i.e., questionnaire and clinical examination), b) psychometric properties, and c) cultural adaptation to relevant developmental norms. Finally, implications for diagnosis and clinical practice are discussed. Considering there are several tests used for DCD, it is important to better define their reliability and validity in different cultures in order to better compare the validation studies and select the most appropriate test to use in the assessment procedure.
Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 2020
Background: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have deficits in fundamental motor skills (e.g. catching, flinging, jumping and running) and complex motor skills (related to the contexts of sports, games and leisure) when compared to their typically developing peers. These deficits may compromise motor performance, impacting the daily life functionality of these children. In addition, different levels of motor performance can be observed within this motor disorder because DCD is a complex and multifactorial condition. As example, moderate and severe DCD are common terminologies used in the field, to classify children <16°percentile and <5°percentile in motor performance assessment related to DCD, respectively. Thus, evaluating the motor performance of these children with specific instruments is essential for the identification of impairment and provision of effective intervention. Yet, given the specificities across instruments available to assess motor performance along with the complex features surrounding children with DCD, differences among those instruments should compose the purpose of investigations in the motor skills field during childhood. Purpose: To compare the motor performance of Brazilian children with severe DCD (s-DCD) and moderate DCD (m-DCD) using two motor assessment instruments: the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (MABC-2) and the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK). A total of 123 children, 66 with s-DCD and 57 with m-DCD, with a mean age of 8.7 (± 0.85) years were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Results: No significant difference was found between the mean percentiles of the general motor performance of the children in the MABC-2 and KTK tests (p = 0.06). We observed significant correlations between the MABC-2 and KTK tests, ranging from 0.17 (very weak) to 0.47 (moderate). The strongest correlation was observed between the MABC-2 Balance component score and the KTK MQ Walking backwards (r = 0.47). The majority of children with s-DCD were classified as impaired, and the minority were classified as normal in the KTK test. Yet, the majority of those with m-DCD were classified as normal in the KTK test. An independent t-test showed a significant difference for most of the comparisons performed between the s-DCD and m-DCD groups. Conclusion: As expected, children with s-DCD scored lower in all MABC-2 components as well as in the quotients of KTK. Thus, the analysis of motor performance by the MABC-2 and KTK indicated that Brazilian children with ARTICLE HISTORY
Child: Care, Health and Development, 2009
Aim Despite its widespread current use in research and its potential for future application, the validity of the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP-SF) when administered by trained lay assessors is not known. This paper reports the results of case identification using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) in a group of children scoring below the sixth percentile on the BOTMP-SF. Methods The BOTMP-SF was administered by trained research assistants to 2058 children. In total, 24 of 128 children aged 10 (n = 10), 11 (n = 10) or 12 (n = 4) scoring below the sixth percentile were randomly selected for further assessment by a paediatric occupational therapist using the M-ABC and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test. Results Twenty-one of 24 children positive for motor co-ordination problems on the BOTMP-SF scored below the 15th percentile of the M-ABC, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69 to 0.96]. Fifteen of these children were below the fifth percentile (PPV = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.43 to 0.79). Conclusions The BOTMP-SF seems to be a reasonable alternative to case identification when clinical assessment with the M-ABC is not feasible. Further research is needed to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the short form when used for this purpose.
Research in developmental disabilities, 2016
This study systematically reviewed the clinical and psychometric properties of manual function outcome measures for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) aged 3-18 years. Three electronic databases were searched to identify manual function tools at the ICF-CY body function, activity and participation level used in children with DCD. Study selection and data extraction was conducted by two blind assessors according to the CanChild Outcome Measures Rating Form. Nineteen clinical tests (seven fine hand use tools and 12 handwriting measures), three naturalistic observations and six questionnaires were identified. The fine-motor subdomain of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 and the Functional Strength Measurement, with adequate reliability and validity properties, might be useful for manual function capacity assessment. The Systematic Detection of Writing Problems (SOS) and the Detailed Assessment of Speed...
Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 2015
We compared children with, at-risk for, or without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) on the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2) and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC) through (a) correlations, (b) gender and age comparisons, (c) cross tab analyses, and (d) factor analyses. Method: Children (N = 424; age range: 4-10 years) from southern Brazil completed the TGMD-2 and MABC and placed into groups (DCD: ≤ 5th%, n = 58; at-risk: > 5th to ≤ 15th%, n = 133; typically developing (TD) >16th%, n = 233). Results: The strongest correlation was between total performance on the TGMD-2 and MABC (r = .37). No gender differences were found for performance on the MABC while boys performed better than girls on the TGMD-2. Cross tab analyses indicated a high level of agreement for children who performed in the lowest percentiles on each assessment. Factor analyses suggested that, for both the TD and at-risk groups, three factors loaded on the motor assessments. In contrast, the DCD group loaded 40 Valentini et al.