INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON COMMUNITY RESILIENCE IN THE CASE OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN ROMANIA (original) (raw)
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MATEC Web of Conferences
As a country with high risk of disasters, the people of Indonesia have to prepare and anticipate these calamities. One of the most important aspects of disaster risk reduction at the local level is social capital. This paper discusses the role of social capital in strengthening community disaster preparedness for effective respond and its potential for building back after recovery, focusing on local wisdom, prior experiences and re-establishment of community livelihoods. Local wisdom plays an important role in raising community efforts to find relief and recover from the impact of the earthquake in Bantul and floods in Jambi. The spirit of community-self, mutual help and fundraising help the Javanese in Bantul to be strong and care among neighbors. The community that supported by the local leaders and institutions agreed to set up priority for affected people who need more help. Meanwhile, experiences of the people in Jambi on regular floods made them aware and assisted them to deve...
Social Capital and Community Resilience
Despite the ubiquity of disaster and the increasing toll in human lives and financial costs, much research and policy remain focused on physical infrastructure-centered approaches to such events. Governmental organizations such as the Kingdom's Department for International Development continue to spend heavily on hardening levees, raising existing homes, and repairing damaged facilities despite evidence that social, not physical, infrastructure drives resilience. This article highlights the critical role of social capital and networks in disaster survival and recovery and lays out recent literature and evidence on the topic. We look at definitions of social capital, measurement and proxies, types of social capital, and mechanisms and application. The article concludes with concrete policy recommendations for disaster managers, government decision makers, and nongovernmental organizations for increasing resilience to catastrophe through strengthening social infrastructure at the community level.
Social Capital and Disaster Preparedness: Conceptual Framework and Linkage
There is a growing relationship between social capital and disaster. This article draws conceptual framework and linkage between these two components. Social capital includes social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness which are highly important to speed up disaster preparedness and recovery. An individual’s preparedness is reciprocally determined through the amount of available material and intellectual resources, their social support networks, the community-level preparedness and the ability of the community to access resources from those in power. Thus disaster preparedness and response activities create new types of social capital. Recent studies show that social capital is related to a community’s ability to plan for and respond to disasters. The positive relationships have found in case of high level of fairness and trustworthiness with the disaster preparedness. So proper initiatives need to be taken by the government, NGOs and civil societies towards formation and development of social capital and disaster preparedness as well. Linking social capital with disaster preparedness could be useful to reduce disaster impacts and sustainable livelihood.
Social Capital in Post Disaster Recovery
Background: Some disaster-stricken people in Iran are still experiencing challenges of resuming normal life several months after the incident. However, there is not sufficient and in-depth understanding of the factors affecting the complex process of post disaster recovery in Iran and rural areas in particular. This study aimed to explore the status of social capital in the process of returning to normal life after an earthquake. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with the qualitative content analysis method. A total of 20 persons from the earthquake-stricken areas and 7 people with relevant scientific background and expertise were selected via purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and field notes from August 2013 to January 2014. Data collection continued to achieve data saturation. Data analysis was based on qualitative content analysis. Results: The ignorance of social capital was one of the most significant concepts explored in the process of “back to the normal life” after earthquake. This concept was divided into 4 subcategories of 1) top-down paternalistic approach, 2) undermining of trust, 3) undermining of social networks and self-centering, 4) inefficiency of the social institutions, and 5) social cohesion and social division. Conclusion: This study showed that many reason for ignoring social capital in the process of “back to the normal life” after earthquake should be considered in the recovery management. Policy-makers are suggested to consider a comprehensive plan for using and enhancing the social capital in the process of returning to normal life after earthquakes. This plan can provide an opportunity for rehabilitation after disasters.
Social Capital in Post Disaster Recovery A B S T R A C T
2020
Background: Some disaster-stricken people in Iran are still experiencing challenges of resuming normal life several months after the incident. However, there is not sufficient and in-depth understanding of the factors affecting the complex process of post disaster recovery in Iran and rural areas in particular. This study aimed to explore the status of social capital in the process of returning to normal life after an earthquake. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with the qualitative content analysis method. A total of 20 persons from the earthquake-stricken areas and 7 people with relevant scientific background and expertise were selected via purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and field notes from August 2013 to January 2014. Data collection continued to achieve data saturation. Data analysis was based on qualitative content analysis. Results: The ignorance of social capital was one of the most signifi...
Sustainability Science, 2020
This study examines the hypothesis that social capital can be a foundation for community disaster resilience with an analysis of empirical findings from the August 2018 earthquake recovery on Gili Trawangan, Indonesia, a globally known coastal tourism destination. Positive links between community social capital and community disaster resilience are hypothesized, but the extent to which an iterative and interdependent relationship is co-shaping both is less understood. Social capital can enable collective action, providing self-organized social, psychological, financial and material resources following a disaster, that may otherwise need to be provided externally. In turn, disasters create collective action problems where collective response and recovery process are needed, creating an institutional space where the degree of usefulness, meaning and function of social capital can be shaped, recognized and drawn upon, often where external aid is insufficient. These relationships can be observed following disasters, because individuals and communities are often linked through emotive and meaningful sequences of common experiences, actions and activities. Findings descriptively detail Gili Trawangan's response and recovery process through the events and activities that occurred, and are then theoretically analyzed with a social capital framework including bonding (within group), bridging (between group) and linking (across power and institutional) ties. Three conclusions can be summarized. (1) Community social capital and disaster resilience are iteratively co-shaped through collective experiences, actions and activities. (2) Understanding context is critical for understanding if and to what degree this relationship exists. (3) The mechanism through which social capital enhances resilience is that it can enable collective action that can lead to the provision of needed aid and services.
ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT: A THEORETICAL REVIEW
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2021
The purpose of this review paper meant to highlight what difference social capital can make in pre and post disaster situation and how it could be best useful in disaster risk reduction. Social capital with the collective action and cooperation played contributory role in saving lives of the most vulnerable families in pre and post disasters situation. Literature of the studies put out the fact that bonding and bridging social capital extended lifesaving support in abundance to the most vulnerable people not only in search, evacuation and early warning but toiled hard in facilitating relief, response and long term recovery program for and with the disaster affected community members. On the other hand linking social capital is useful only for those who created network among the people in power and position and availed resources and help in return. The results drawn from the studies is immensely helpful for the readers and policy makers to inspire and motivate to better use of social capital in managing risk and crisis situation in future.
Social Factors of Community Disaster Preparedness
Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journal)
Aims: Indonesia is prone to disasters because of its geography, geology, water, and population. One way to reduce the risk is for the community to be ready through social factors. The purpose of the study to determine social factors of community disaster preparedness. Methods: the search strategy used Google Scholar, Science Direct, and DOAJ which were searched from 2018-2023. The keywords used were community, disaster preparedness, social capital, community resilience, and social support. The Critical Appraisals Skills Program was then conducted. There were six articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results: The results of all these articles show that social capital, community resilience and social support have a relationship with disaster preparedness through various research methods. The results also show that social factors are strongly related to disaster management, especially disaster preparedness. The facts also show that there is conformity with the theory that social fa...
Social Capital: A tool for disaster recovery
This study investigates the extent to which social capital can be used as a tool for community recovery following a disaster. This project investigates two communities located in the Mentawai Islands, west Sumatra, that were devastated by the October 25th tsunami in 2010. The study looks at social capital concepts at community, NGO and state level to help understand the key points that make it a successful tool. One of the key problems outlined is communication and the difficulties with access due to the remote nature of the Islands, which consequently had a knock-on effect on state and NGO interventions. It was found that social capital is important in a community’s recovery and yet can also present gender exclusions. Through qualitative research methods and examination of the literature, it can be said that social capital when present can empower certain communities, yet there is a need to understand the different representations of NGOs, and the diversity of communities to safely say social capital is a tool that fits all circumstances.
Preprints, 2024
This paper presents the results of quantitative research examining the impacts of demographic and socioeconomic factors on community resilience to disasters. The survey was carried out utilising a questionnaire distributed and subsequently collected online from 321 participants during January 2024. The study employed an adapted version of the '5S' social resilience framework, encompassing five sub-dimensions – social structure (10 variables), social capital (9 variables), social mechanisms (17 variables), social equity and diversity (13 variables), and social belief (13 variables). This customized framework includes 62 indicators, providing a thorough assessment of community (social) disaster resilience in the research context. To explore the relationship between predictors and community (social) disaster resilience in Serbia, their attitudes towards the mentioned five sub-dimensions, as well as their engagement in preventive measures and their perception of resilience to various disasters with a particular focus on demographic and socio-economic impacts, statistical methods including t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multivariate linear regression were employed. The results of the multivariate regressions across various community disaster resilience subscales indicate that age emerged as the most significant predictor for the social structure subscale. At the same time, education stood out as the primary predictor for the social capital subscale. Additionally, employment status proved to be the most influential predictor for both social mechanisms and social equity-diversity subscales, with property ownership being the key predictor for the social beliefs sub-scale. Despite being considered in the analyses, gender, marital status, income level, and number of household members did not emerge as the most significant predictors across the investigated community (social) disaster resilience subscales. The determined mean value of the community (social) disaster resilience index is M = 2.62, and the findings reveal that participants assigned the highest ratings to the social beliefs subscale (M = 2.76), while the lowest values were observed in the social structure subscale (M = 2.46). Findings can be used to create strategies and interventions aimed at enhancing the resilience of communities in Serbia by addressing the intricate interplay between demographic characteristics, socio-economic factors, and their ability to withstand, adapt to, and recover from different disasters.