Still Lonely After All These Years? Contemporary Development in the “Three Guianas” (original) (raw)

Reconstruções Identitarias Em Sociedades Plurais: Os Povos Da Fronteira Brasil - Guiana

2010

The reconstruction of identities that is taking place in the Americas is interconnected with the phenomenon of the Nation-State, for they are the consequences of colonization processes that have dominated peoples and disintegrated cultures. The national question - which began in the American colonial world as of the 1800’s independence movements in Latin America – has been articulated with contradictions. The resulting Nation-States took on the configuration of power of those who continued to pursue the same set of interests and privileges of the colonial power. For those under domination – native and black people – this meant the continuation of colonialism. This paper will investigate the ways through which these peoples have reconstructed their identities within a counter-hegemonic movement in the Brazilian and Guiana frontier. My goal is to study culture and nationalities based on categories of identity. Keywords: Brazil; Guyana; border; identities.

The dichotomy of universalism and particularism in French Guiana

2016

December 2015 was a landmark in the political history of French Guiana with the election of the new single territorial community-the collectivité unique-which enshrined the official demise of the Région and, more pertinently, the Département that had previously embodied the principle of assimilation of this South American French territory to France. Broadly-speaking, the traditional two-tier system-which exists all over metropolitan France, although, in contrast to those overseas, mainland Regions comprise multiple Departments-has been slimmed down and streamlined into a single political body combining the powers of the former two. Martinique undertook the same reforms, albeit with different sociopolitical overtones, while Guadeloupe, which had turned down the offer of institutional change that was put to the Caribbean Overseas Departments in a 2010 referendum, maintained the departmental institution inherited from the 1946 law that had aligned the former colonies to the metropolitan institutional model. Guadeloupe also kept the Région which was established by François Mitterrand in 1982 and extended to the 'four old colonies' (Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique and Réunion). With the former two municipalities of Saint-Martin and Saint Barthelemy which acceded to the slightly different status of Overseas Territories when they split from 'continental' Guadeloupe. France now has five dependencies in the Caribbean region. While ceasing to be a Département, French Guiana still retains the social and symbolic significance attached to departmentalization. But for reasons related mainly to the history of its settlement, it is, of all these 'assimilated' territories, the one where administration-and more generally, French political culture-have gone through the most distortions. Unlike in Fort de France (Martinique) and Pointe-à-Pitre (Guadeloupe), French colonization was not accompanied by a creolization process

French Guiana, an Outermost Region of the European Union: issues and challenges in the XXI century

Diálogos, 2020

The Outermost Regions, ORs, are external borders of the European Union, EU. These borders are located in the Caribbean region, in the Atlantic Ocean, and in the Indian Ocean. This study proposes to approach the place of Guiana as a French Outermost Region in three aspects. From a legal point of view, what are the treaties, conventions, protocols adopted by the European Union, and therefore by France, in which Guiana is included as an outermost region. Under the economic and national security aspects, what are the neighborhood relations between Guiana, Brazil and Suriname. Finally, what kind of integration can Guiana aim for on the Guiana Shield given its historical past and geopolitical location. Essentially, our study proposes to analyze the challenges that Guiana has to face in a globalized and socially changing world in the XXI century.

The Place of Speech in the Guianas Literatures

Interdisciplinar - Revista de Estudos em Língua e Literatura, 2018

The literature produced in the Guianas, a region in the extreme north of South America is a literature marked by cultural and linguistic ethnic plurality, the thematization of social contradictions and the discourse on the marginalization of a region that became known as "Green Hell". Of little reverberation and almost no prestige outside the Guianas territory, the narratives that compose this space inscribed in the heterogeneity are populated by characters silenced historically, as enslaved women, prisoners, plantations workers, the "marrons", among others, but who speak, despite being intermediated by a writer, as representatives of cultures not valued and / or little known. In this sense, this article will discuss the literary production in the Guianas, notably the French Guiana and Suriname literature, addressing, more specifically, the way in which this literature questions the current literary paradigms and rescues the problematic of other voices whose legitimacy is continually put in question.

Cartographic Expressions in the Guiana Region

Geousp, 2021

From the mid-twentieth century, there was a proliferation of studies in various fields of knowledge regarding the Guiana region. However, until today there still remains a large gap in updating thematic cartographies that explain the geographies of the region. The aim of this text, therefore, is to outline some reflections on the construction of 5 maps that have been created in order to highlight aspects of the territorial ordering of this region and, as a result, to clarify relevant questions concerning the past and present of the Guianas. In order to compose both the maps and our arguments, a literature review has been undertaken, together with the collection and tabulation of primary data (statistics) and fieldwork as methodological guidelines.

After the Colonial Past: Ambivalences of Assimilation in French Guiana from 1946 to the mid-1950s

Contemporary European History

Focusing on the case of French Guiana from 1946 to the mid-1950s, this article aims to contribute to reflection on the controversial notion of assimilation. The author therefore pays attention to the trajectories of the préfet, i.e. from 1947 the highest civil representative of the state and Creole teachers, the latter providing the largest contingent of indigenous colonial officials. The article argues that, while assimilation is often perceived as a policy that aims to impose an order designed for the mainland through a universalist ideal that erases differences, in reality it did not produce uniformity and its ideal could be – and often was – negotiated under the constraints of a post-slavery society in which the elites were indeed Black.

Guiana Francesa, uma região ultraperiférica da União europeia: Questões e desafios no século XXI

Diálogos, 2020

As regiões ultraperiféricas, RUP, são fronteiras externas da União europeia, UE. Essas fronteiras se situam na região do Caribe, no Oceano Atlântico e no Oceano Índico. Este estudo propõe abordar o lugar da Guiana como região ultraperiférica francesa sob três aspectos. Do ponto de vista jurídico, quais são os tratados, convenções, protocolos adotados pela União europeia, e por conseguinte pela França, em que a Guiana como Região ultraperiférica está incluída. Sob o aspecto econômico e da segurança nacional, quais são as relações de vizinhança entre a Guiana, o Brasil e o Suriname. Finalmente, que tipo de integração a Guiana pode almejar no Platô das Guianas dado seu passado histórico e sua localização geopolítica. Em resumo, nosso estudo propõe analisar os desafios que a Guiana tem de enfrentar em um mundo globalizado e em mutação social em pleno século XXI.