FROM DE CLÉRAMBAULT’S THEORY OF MENTAL AUTOMATISM TO LACAN’S THEORY OF THE PSYCHOTIC STRUCTURE (original) (raw)

In 1966, in a paper on those who have influenced his work, Jacques Lacan suggested that his concept of ‘paranoid knowledge’ and his structural approach to psychoanalysis were closely linked to the work of Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault. This article examines both of these points. Starting with an introduction to de Clérambault, focusing on his concept ‘mental automatism,’ the link between ‘mental automatism’ and ‘paranoid knowledge’ is discussed. Loyalty to Henri Claude and conflicts around theoretical and clinical issues seem to lie at the basis of Lacan’s initial neglect of his conceptual indebtedness to de Clérambault. Second, the author discusses the presumed connection between mental automatism and Lacan’s structural psychoanalytic theory, which Lacan did not elaborate. It is argued that from a structural perspective, mental automatism comes down to a rupture in the continuity of the signifying chain, which provokes the disappearance of the subject. Furthermore, Lacan’s theory implies the hypothesis that manifestations of mental automatism are determined by a foreclosure of the Name-of-the-Father, where questions related to existence cannot be addressed in a stable way. Lacanian theory thus retained de Clérambault’s notion of a rupture in mental life that lies at the basis of psychosis, but replaced his biological framework with the dimension of the subject as produced through speech.

Paranoid psychosis a first approach to lacan

International Journal of Psychiatry Research, 2023

The following essay proposes within the theoretical revision of Lacan's text "Paranoid psychosis in its relations with personality" framing the position of the French psychoanalyst regarding the disorder and elucidating some proposals on how to understand the condition and the importance of understanding it from a look that borders on philosophy, history and above all the contextual history of the patient presented in the text. It is necessary to consider the need to make a review since even with the time that precedes the text at the time of reading we realize how current the case can represent.

The Lacanian Concept of Paranoia: An Historical Perspective

This article seeks to reopen a major question raised by the Lacanian nosology of the psychoses, by looking closely at Lacan's formulations of what he never ceased referring to as " paranoia ". While almost all classification systems of modern psychiatry, such as the ICD-10 and the DSM-5, have abandoned the specific category of paranoia, Lacan always viewed paranoia as a major category of " functional psychosis ". He held that paranoia was a qualitatively different disorder than schizophrenia, and considered it to be the principal or exemplary form of psychosis. Furthermore, in the middle period of his work, Lacan thought of paranoia in much broader terms than those of the definition proposed by Kraepelin, which he revisited, point by point, developing his theory of Freud's concept of " Verwerfung " or foreclosure; the latter became the focal diagnostic criterion in his nosographic construction. Lacan's privileging of and evolving theoretical views on paranoia provide a structural approach to what he called the " resistant nucleus " of psychosis; his work serves as a counterpoint to the more descriptive neo-Kraepelinian approach of contemporary psychiatric nosology.

CONCEPTUALIZING AND TREATING PSYCHOSIS: A LACANIAN PERSPECTIVE STIJN VANHEULE

Starting from the hypothesis that psychosis makes up a structure with a precise status for the unconscious, the author explores how, from a Lacanian point of view, the treatment of psychosis is organized. Special attention is paid to the specificity of the psychotic symptom and the way transference characteristically takes shape. It is indicated that the occurrence of psychotic symptoms bears witness to a subjective crisis, in which no signifiers provide support when, at the level of the unconscious, the subject is dealing with fundamental self-directed epistemic questions (‘who am I?’) and questions concerning the intentionality of the other (‘what do you want?’). Characteristically, such questions are organized around intimate topics like dealing with parenthood and authority; life in the light of death; sexuality in relation to love and procreation; and sexual identity. Psychotic crises are triggered upon confrontations with such issues in daily life, while no support by means of a master signifier or Name-of-the-Father can be found. Crucial to the Lacanian approach to treatment is that the psychoanalyst aims at restoring a place for the subject in relation to the Other, which is threatened in episodes of acute psychosis. Clinical material from Lacanian work with a female patient suffering from manic-depressive psychosis is discussed.

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