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Natural Fibre Composites and its potential
Natural fibres have been used to reinforce materials for over 3000 years. Most of the developing countries are very rich in agricultural and natural fibre. Except a few exceptions, a large part of agricultural waste is being used as a fuel. India alone produces more than 400 million tonnes of agricultural waste annually. It has got a very large percentage of the total world production of rice husk, jute, stalk, baggase and coconut fibre. All natural fibres have excellent physical and mechanical properties and can be utilized more effectively in the development of composite materials for various building applications. Natural fibres have the advantage that they are renewable resources and have marketing appeal. These agricultural wastes can be used to prepare fibre reinforced polymer composites for commercial use.
Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
International Journal of Polymer Science, 2015
Natural fi bers have been used to reinforce materials for over 3,000 years. More recently they have been employed in combination with plastics. Many types of natural fi bers have been investigated for use in plastics including Flax, hemp, jute, straw, wood fi ber, rice husks, wheat, barley, oats, rye, cane (sugar and bamboo), grass reeds, kenaf, ramie, oil palm empty fruit bunch, sisal, coir, water hyacinth, pennywort, kapok, paper-mulberry, raphia, banana fi ber, pineapple leaf fi ber and papyrus. Natural fi bers have the advantage that they are renewable resources and have marketing appeal. The Asian markets have been using natural fi bers for many years e.g., jute is a common reinforcement in India. Natural fi bers are increasingly used in automotive and packaging materials. Pakistan is an agricultural country and it is the main stay of Pakistan's economy. Thousands of tons of different crops are produced but most of their wastes do not have any useful utilization. Agricultural wastes include wheat husk, rice husk, and their straw, hemp fi ber and shells of various dry fruits. These agricultural wastes can be used to prepare fi ber reinforced polymer composites for commercial use. This report examines the different types of fi bers available and the current status of research. Many references to the latest work on properties, processing and application have been cited in this review.
Potential use of natural fiber composite materials in India
Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2010
This study focuses on the potential use of natural fibers in composite materials, their availability, processing features, mechanical and physical properties, and some of their applications in India.
Natural fibre based composites
Natural fibres have been used to reinforce materials for over 3000 years. More currently they have been employed in combination with plastics. Many types of natural fibres have been investigated for use in plastics including flax, hemp, jute, sisal and banana. Natural fibres have the advantage that they are renewable resources and have marketing appeal. These agricultural wastes can be used to prepare fibre reinforced polymer composites for commercial use. Application of composite materials to structures has presented the need for the engineering analysis the present work focuses on the fabrication of polymer matrix composites by using natural fibres like coir,banana and sisal which are abundant nature in desired shape by the help of various structures of paterns and calculating its material characteristics(flexural modulus, flexural rigidity, hardness number,% gain of water) by conducting tests like flexural test, hardness test, water absorption test, impact test, density test, and their results are measured on sections of the material and make use of the natural fibre reinforced polymer composite material for automotive seat shell manufacturing.
Reviewing the Development of Natural Fiber Polymer Composite: A Case Study of Sisal and Jute
American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 2019
Natural fibers that are mainly from plants, animals and regenerated sources are degradable and environmentally friendly as they absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, they are cost effective when compare to the synthetic fibers. These materials mainly from plant are used initially for domestics' purposes. They have recently been introduced to some industries, such as automotive, aircraft, marine and buildings, arising from their excellent mechanical, physical and chemical properties. The common natural fibers used for Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRPC) are, cotton, sisal, coir, jute, hemp, flax, banana, bamboo etc. Several researches and publications on natural fibers and its composite show that despite the properties of these fibers, their applications were limited to non-structural applications either for interior or exterior applications just for their environmental and low-cost benefit with less concern for their strength capabilities. Sisal and jute are fibers from vegetable and bast plants that had been proved to have exhibited excellent tensile and flexural properties (bast composite) and best impact properties (vegetable composite), were also restricted to non-structural applications only. This paper reviewed the present status and future expectations of natural fiber reinforced composites in structural applications using sisal and jute fiber reinforced polymer composites as a case.
Development of natural fiber reinforced polymer composite
2005
Natural fiber reinforced polymer composite has gained paramount importance in the composite research field because of versatility and clivers;ned nature of application field and environmental concern Retted, Vvoolenized,rclted and bleached jute fibers were collected from Banglade~h Jute Research Institute. Retted, relted ami bleached' variety of woven jute mals were collected Irom the Bangladesh Jute Mills COTporation (BJMC). Fibers were cut into 5:!:lmrn length and the woven jute fabrics were cut 10350mmx300mm dimension and dried for 12 hours In an oven allooac. Jute fiber surface waS analyzed under scanning eledron microscope (SEM). Different morphology of the fiber surface was detected. Woolcnization treatment severely removed the fiber binding materials e,g. lignin, hemicellulose etc, and leached out some portion of fibrous body of jutc fiber. Bleaching treatment in tum removed the lignin in between the fibrous bundle of jute fiber. Composite specimens >{ were fabricated ...
Development of Natural Fiber Composites and its Analysis
2018
1,2,3,4 Undergraduate Students, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India 5Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract – In the present scenario of fast growing world, the problem of depleting resources is a major concern for mankind. Also the extraction techniques of some materials lead to environmental pollution and thus the need for alternative material development has taken a major leap in the recent years. This has led to the development of composite materials and especially natural fiber composite materials. The natural fibers provide added advantage over their synthetic counterparts in terms of durability as well as sustainability. The present paper focuses on the development of banana fiber and jute fiber composites, their analysis and also a brief comparison...
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2019
A composite material is made by combining two or more materials to give a unique combination of properties, one of which is made up of stiff, long fibres and the other, a binder or 'matrix' which holds the fibres in place. The fibres are strong and stiff relative to the matrix and are generally orthotropic. More recently natural fibers have been employed in combination with plastics. The abundant availability of natural fibre in India such as Jute, Coir, Sisal, Pineapple, Ramie, Bamboo, Banana etc. gives attention on the development of natural fibre composites primarily to explore value-added application avenues. Such natural fibre composites are well suited as wood substitutes in the housing and construction sector. Reinforcement with natural fibre in composites has recently gained attention due to low cost, low density, acceptable specific properties, ease of separation, enhanced energy recovery, C02 neutrality, biodegradability and recyclable nature. Thousands of tons of different crops are produced but most of their wastes do not have any useful utilization. Agricultural wastes include wheat husk, rice husk and their straw, hemp fibre and shells of various dry fruits. These agricultural wastes can be used to prepare fibre reinforced polymer composites for commercial use. This review discusses the use of bagasse fibre and its current status of research. Many references to the latest work on properties, processing and application have been cited in this review.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022
At present, natural fibers of renewable resources offer the potentiality to act like a reinforcing material for manufacturing of composites. This study provides the effect of fiber volume ratio on physical & mechanical properties of specimen when the fiber length is fixed and randomly oriented. For the fabrication of composite samples, the natural fiber was used as a reinforced material and adhesive material was Phenol-Formaldehyde. Fibers of hemp, coconut & jute are used in equal ratio for the research work. In this study the fiber length was fixed in all samples and the fibers were randomly orientated and the thickness of all samples was 5mm. The length of the fibers was 12mm. A total of four samples S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , and S 4 were fabricated using hand lay-up method. Fiber volume ratio is varied from 30% to 60%, such as 30% in S 1 , 40%in S 2, 50% in S 3 & 60% in S 4 sample. Physical & Mechanical Testing has been carried out as per standards on the prepared specimens. Water absorption test was carried out in two sets one for 2 hours & second for 24 hours. Result shows that fiber volume ratio of 40% in S 2 showed maximum density, water absorption test was found minimum for 2 and 24 hours test & minimum moisture. At 30% fiber ratio (S 1) the expansion in length, width, and thickness was found minimum during the dimension expansion test for 2 hour soaking. Modulus of elasticity of the composite was found maximum at 50% fiber ratio (S 3) inside composite and modulus of rupture found maximum at 60% fiber ratio (S 4). The study on the effect of fiber ratio on mechanical and physical properties has been done. I. INTRODUCTION A. History Of Composite Material Composite material was first time use in 1500 B.C. Once early Egyptians and Mesopotamian settlers want to create a powerful and durable structure they were used mixture of mud and straw. Later, in 1200 AD, the Mongols were use a mixture of wood, bone, and animal glue for making a bow. The bows make by Mongols were very powerful and extremely accurate. Mongols provide these bows to Genghis Khan Army. The area of modern composite did not start until the researcher developed the plastics. So the sources of natural resins were plants and the source of glues and binders were animals. In 1900, the research developed plastics such as polystyrene, phenolic, vinyl, and polyester. But these plastics alone could not able to provide sufficient strength and rigidity. In 1935, research came out which provide first glass fiber. The name of the researcher who does this research was Owens Corning. When fiber glass combined with plastic polymer creates a strong structure [1]. 1) WWII-Driving Early Composites: Development a large number of best headways in the composites were brooded by war. Similarly, as the Mongols built up the composite bow, World War II brought the FRP business from the research centre into genuine creation. Composite materials were need for lightweight applications in military airplane. It was found that fiber glass composites were straightforward to radio frequencies, and the material was before long adjusted for use in shielding electronic radar gear [1],[2]. 2) Modifying Composite: Before the completion of the WWII claims to fame the composites industries were going hard and fast. With lower enthusiasm for military things, the couple of composites pioneers were by and by excitedly end beavering to bring composites into various markets. Vessels were a prominent fit for composites, and the essential business boat structure was introduced in 1946. At this time Brandt Goldsworthy, routinely suggested as the "granddad of composites," developed new collecting methodology and things. He is credited with different degrees of progress including being the first to fiber glass a surfboard, which changed the game. Goldsworthy similarly made an amassing system known as Pultrusion. Today, things delivered from this methodology join ladder rails, mechanical assembly handles, pipes, jolt shafts, defensive layers, train floors, clinical devices, and anything is possible from that point. In early 2000, nanotechnology began to use for daily use products. Now the 3D manufacturing process of producing the composite material came out by this method the production of composite material is very easy [2].