Potential Application of Nanotechnology in Health Care: An Insight (original) (raw)
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Nanotechnology is a field of technology conducted at the nanoscale which is having size about 0.1 to 100 nm. It refers to nano size of atoms and molecules that to design small scale production, application, system and devices. Nanotechnology use for various fields like medicine, electronics, industrial, robotics, environmental, machine and also military fields. It has taken conspicuous part in development of health and medical sector. This paper describes about physical characteristics of nanoparticles, advance of nanomedicine and nanotechnology use in the field of medicine like drug delivery, gene delivery, cancer detection and drug deliver to cancer cells and health monitoring systems. In addition this review emphasize the advantages of nanomedicine. Finally, the challenges and future trends that overcome with this technology are described.
Nanotechnology- future prospect in recent medicine: a review
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2013
Any damage at molecular or cellular level is the major culprit for disease & ill health. Nanotechnology, "the manufacturing technology of the 21st century," helps us economically build a broad range of complex molecular machines by manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Nanotech may be able to create many new materials and devices with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres with a vast range of applications, such as in medicine, electronics, biomaterials and energy production. Lots of new possibilities come into account in relation to use of nanotechnology in medicines. Nanotechnology in medicine involves applications of nanoparticles, also involves nano-robots to make repairs at the cellular levels. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials.
Application of Nanoparticles in Medicine
2022
Nanomaterials due to their size (ranging from 0.1-100 nm, at least in one dimension) and higher ratio of surface area to volume display dominant quantum effects causing drastic changes in their chemical reactivity as well as optical, elastic, electrical and magnetic properties. The electrons due to their wave nature move very easily without scattering in nanomaterials and allow their use as biological sensors. Nano wires, semiconducting in nature, act as a versatile optoelectronic component in photodetectors sensitive to polarization and arrays with sub wavelength resolution. The wide applicability of nanomaterials in medicines emerge from the similarity in size of biomolecule moieties of metabolic processes occurring at nano levels. Optical properties of quantum dots allow their use as biomarkers subsequent to coating with a material able to bind selectively with certain biological structures like cancer cells by fluorescent absorption followed by emission of electrons known as functionalised quantum dots. Nanomaterials on combining with biomolecules develop ability to recognize sensitive diagnostic and regulated drug delivery processes with appreciably better performances and may be used as tissue substitutes. The properties produced in organic solvents make them hydrophobic and incompatible to biological molecules. At the same time, they may be converted into water soluble form and made biocompatible through different techniques like ligand exchange, encapsulation, polymer coating (with functional groups attached to the surface) providing reactive site for bio conjugation through different processes keeping limitations of the processes in view. Nanomaterials play prominent role in medicines as obviated by growing global market for them in the field expected to reach to USD 182.3 billion by 2027 at a compounded annual growth rate of 19.9% from 2021.
Advance Applications of Nanotechnology in Medicine
The various nanoparticles have been used for positive effect on human health. A large number of the medical projects are under emergent stage. Nanotechnology-based nanomedicine means tools and device are technically designed in such a way which can interact at the molecular level and enhance the therapeutic index of drugs with no side effect. It poses a broad range of application in drug delivery, protein detection, robotics, cancer and cardiac therapy, etc. which are described in detail. Treatment and diagnosis of cancer have been restricted due to their poor sensitivity and specificity respectively. Nanotechnology-based cancer treatment is being developed used for diagnostic purpose. Cancer chemotherapeutic drug is possessed high toxic potential cause adverse effect to the body. For example-hair loss, weight loss and reduce urine and sugar formation. By using nanotechnology, enhance the therapeutic index of cancer chemotherapeutic drug, their tolerability, and efficacy and suppress their toxic effect. It also enhances pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics as well as bioavailability and provides better safety profile. In this review, other modalities of different aspects are being discussed such as potential hazards of nanoparticle in addition to microbivores and nanosome, etc. Urothelial cancer is cancer occur in the urinary bladder. Various kinds of nanoparticle are being used in diagnosis and treatment of urothelial cancer. In this review, discuss the types of course of treatment and nanoparticle used in the treatment of various kinds of disease. It is based on the stage of urothelial cancer. In this reviewed we have summarized the pharmaceutical application of Chitosan-based nanoparticle. Chitosan is derived from chitin are used as the pharmaceutical carrier for many drugs and vaccines. Being already observed the benefit of nanomedicine-based products. Hence, in this review, we have discussed the fundamental characteristic of nanomedicine and its clinical application in the field of medicine.
Application of Nanotechnology in Medicine: A View
Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field of engineering, physics, chemistry and biology at nanolevel. The present era of nanotechnology has reached to a stage where nanoparticles are applied for treating killer diseases like cancer, HIV and disorders like diabetes, cardiac diseases etc. This review emphasizes the applications of nanotechnology in the medicine field and the basic ethical issues in the development of nanomedicine.
Applications of Nanotechnology in Medicine: A View
Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field of engineering, physics, chemistry and biology at nanolevel. The present era of nanotechnology has reached to a stage where nanoparticles are applied for treating killer diseases like cancer, HIV and disorders like diabetes, cardiac diseases etc. This review emphasizes the applications of nanotechnology in the medicine field and the basic ethical issues in the development of nanomedicine.
Nanotechnology to Revolutionize Medicine
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2012
One of the most promising technologies of 21 st century is nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a collective term referring to technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0.1-100 nm. A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter, too small to be seen with a conventional laboratory microscope. It is at this size scale-about 100 nanometers or less-that biological molecules and structures inside living cells operate. Therefore, nanotechnology is engineering and manufacturing at the molecular scale. Nanomedicine is new concept in combining nanotechnology and medicine. Nanotherapeutics is the use of nanomedicine in therapy. The definition of nanomedicine requires attention as the nanotechnology represents a cluster of technologies. Nanomedicine, an offshoot of nanotechnology, refers to highly specific medical intervention at the molecular scale for curing disease or repairing damaged tissues, such as bone, muscle, or nerve Utilities of nanotechnology to biomedical sciences implies creation of materials and devices designed to interact with the body at sub-cellular scales with a high degree of specificity. This could be potentially translated into targeted cellular and tissue-specific clinical applications aimed at maximal therapeutic effect with very limited adverse-effects. Nanomedicine can offer impressive resolutions for various life threatening diseases. Disease areas which can be expected to benefit most from nanotechnology within the next few years are cancer, diseases of the cardiovascular system, the lungs, blood, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, inflammatory/infectious diseases, and orthopaedic problems. This article presents an overview of some of the applications of nanotechnology in nanomedicine.
Nanomedicines and Its Applications in the Healthcare
Biomedical Sciences, 2019
Nanomedicine is the advanced application of nanotechnology in the healthcare fields and it is one of the key technologies of the 21 st century. A nanomedicine can be defined as the advanced applications of nanotechnology for the treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and control of biological systems. Different sorts of nanocarrier (nanoparticles) are used for the manufacturing and to help delivery of target medicines. The term "nanomedicines" covers a number of materials and structures, for example, proteins, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, polymers, emulsions, nanocapsules, nanoparticles, etc. Nanoparticles contain some exclusive properties and they can be used in conjunction with therapeutic components to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of debilitating diseases like cancer, diabetes and so on. As the human body is comprised of different types of molecules; the availability of molecular nanotechnology permits dramatic progress in human medical services. Nanomedicines provide vital scope for medical profession, primarily for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and eventually for the improvement of knowledge of natural human biological systems and its functions. It is a developing group of therapeutics that involve the understanding of phenomena on the nanometer scale. Nanomedicines research needs expertise in a range of diverse fields (Life Sciences, Physics & Chemistry) and requires multidisciplinary team members. Future applications of nanomedicine in medical science will be reflected by using nanorobots for detection and treatment of various diseases.