2018-JDI-Stem cell therapy as a novel therapeutic intervention for alopecia.pdf (original) (raw)
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Stem Cell Therapy in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review of Dermatology Literature from 2012-2022
Journal of Dermatology Research, 2024
Androgenetic alopecia is considered the most frequent form of progressive hair loss. In this disease, an alteration of the hair cycle dynamics leads to progressive miniaturization of the hair follicle and possible baldness as a final outcome. A few treatments have been proposed to reduce the progression of hair loss. In this study, a search for relevant literature was performed using PubMed. We reviewed about 165 articles from 2012 to 2022 using the keywords "regenerative medicine", "stem cells" and "androgenetic alopecia". As a result, we described the hair follicle cycle, assessed how a change in its homeostasis can impact androgenetic alopecia and investigated the advent of new therapeutic techniques for hair regrowth, highlighting the use of stem cells and its impact on androgenetic alopecia prognosis.
Conventional and novel stem cell based therapies for androgenic alopecia
Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications, 2017
The prevalence of androgenic alopecia (AGA) increases with age and it affects both men and women. Patients diagnosed with AGA may experience decreased quality of life, depression, and feel self-conscious. There are a variety of therapeutic options ranging from prescription drugs to non-prescription medications. Currently, AGA involves an annual global market revenue of US$4 billion and a growth rate of 1.8%, indicating a growing consumer market. Although natural and synthetic ingredients can promote hair growth and, therefore, be useful to treat AGA, some of them have important adverse effects and unknown mechanisms of action that limit their use and benefits. Biologic factors that include signaling from stem cells, dermal papilla cells, and platelet-rich plasma are some of the current therapeutic agents being studied for hair restoration with milder side effects. However, most of the mechanisms exerted by these factors in hair restoration are still being researched. In this review, we analyze the therapeutic agents that have been used for AGA and emphasize the potential of new therapies based on advances in stem cell technologies and regenerative medicine.
Follicular Stem Cells in Androgenetic Alopecia
Although the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is poorly understood, recent studies suggest that compromising the integrity of the follicular bulge area and or sebaceous gland may play a role. This study was designed to evaluate the role of follicular bulge stem cells in AGA. Twenty patients with AGA (17 males and 3 females) with a mean age of 24.05 ± 1.6 were the subjects of this study. A 4 mm punch biopsy specimen was obtained from both occipital skin and frontal affected area of scalp of each patient and embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections were immunostained using the Cytokeratin 15(CK 15) Ab-1 mouse monoclonal antibody. Cytokeratin 15 immunoreactivity was observed both in the frontal and occipital skin biopsies in the follicular bulge region and outer root sheath in all 20 AGA patients (100%). This study suggests that follicular stem cells in the bulge region are not the target in AGA. Further studies using other stem cell markers are recommended to clarify the role of follicular stem cells in AGA pathogenesis.
Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research, 2018
Background: Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is based on the release of growth factors stimulating the initiation/ extension of anagen phase as well as promoting vascularization, Adipose Derived Stem Cell (AT-ADSCs) treatment were recently introduced as an alternative potential therapeutic application for hair growth. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy side effects and safety of AT-ASCs and PRP in the treatment of androgentic alopecia. Patients and methods: Sixty randomized patients were treated by PRP, and AT-ASCs. Each patient was evaluated, and each lesion was treated by those modalities, patients received three sessions with one month interval for 3 months, follow up after 3 months. Results: A highly significant improvement <0.001 in terminal hair count of AT-ASCs group evaluated by videodermoscopy assessment of AGA. That were confirmed by highly significant improvement in intermediate hair count and mean caliber (<0.001) associated with high incidence of side effects especially headache and erythema. In contrast, PRP group showed significant improvement 0.037 in terminal hair count and non-significant improvement in intermediate hair count and of mean caliber with minimum side effects. AT-ASCs showed a significant improvement in terminal hair count than PRP, Highly significant improvement in Intermediate hair count and hair caliber. Also, side effects of AT-ASCs showed highly significant pain, headache and erythema but no serious adverse events. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the There was significant improvement in AGA after PRP and highly significant after AT-ASCs therapy with significant difference of ADSC in terminal hair count and highly significant in caliber. Both modalities could effectively and safely be used to treat AGA.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media Induces Hair Regeneration in Alopecia Areata: A Case Study
2021
Alopecia is characterized by hair loss in one or more regions of scalp or body. The prevalence rate is 2.1% in USA with global incidence risk rate of 2%. Several factors including stress, hereditary, nutritional disorders, and thyroid functional abnormalities, psychological, genetic, and immune disorders have been held responsible for triggering of disease. Though, the disease is not life threatening, it is associated with aesthetic values and self-dignity. The commencement of disease in early age can cause psychological concerns like low self-esteem, depression, or anxiety, affecting the quality of life. Alopecia Areata (AA), specifically, is an autoimmune disorder caused due to targeting of immune-privileged Hair Follicles (HF) by T cells. AA is characterized by patchy scalp hair loss which may progress to complete scalp hair loss (alopecia totalis) or complete body hair loss (alopecia universalis). The incidence of AA is associated with co-occurrence of other autoimmune disorders...
Regenerative Medicine Treatments for Androgenetic Alopecia
Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2021
Regenerative medicine and the role of stem cells are being studied for applications in nearly every field of medicine. The pluripotent nature of stem cells underlies their vast potential for treatment of androgenic alopecia. Several advances in recent years have heightened interest in this field, chief among them are the evolution of simpler techniques to isolate regenerative elements and stems cells. These techniques are easy, outpatient procedures with immediate injection, often single session with harvest, and minimal manipulation (usually physical). This paper seeks to critically review the existing data and determine the current evidence and their role in practice.
Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells in Follicle Regeneration
Stem Cells International
Alopecia is caused by a variety of factors which affect the hair cycle and decrease stem cell activity and hair follicle regeneration capability. This process causes lower self-acceptance, which may result in depression and anxiety. However, an early onset of androgenic alopecia is associated with an increased incidence of the metabolic syndrome and an increased risk of the cardiac ischaemic disease. The ubiquity of alopecia provides an encouragement to seek new, more effective therapies aimed at hair follicle regeneration and neoregeneration. We know that stem cells can be used to regenerate hair in several therapeutic strategies: reversing the pathological mechanisms which contribute to hair loss, regeneration of complete hair follicles from their parts, and neogenesis of hair follicles from a stem cell culture with isolated cells or tissue engineering. Hair transplant has become a conventional treatment technique in androgenic alopecia (micrografts). Although an autologous transp...
Preservation of stem cells in androgenetic alopecia
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2018
30 patients with BP (20% compared to 2% in controls), while Taylor et al. did not report any difference between 108 patients with BP and controls. Downham and Chapel reported the highest frequency of diabetes (i.e. 41%) in a series of 34 patients with BP. In our work, most of patients were affected by complicated type-2 DM (data not shown). This could lead to an underestimation of the prevalence of diabetes. A limitation of our study is that, being a national reference centre, IDI-IRCCS tends to cure more severe patients; therefore, our estimates of prevalence of complicated DM are likely to be overestimated. In addition, DM is frequently precipitated by corticosteroid treatment. Thus, in our study, the frequency of diabetes could be increased in both the two diseases because of the steroid therapy. While our observations do not allow us to draw any conclusion about the possible relation between the use of DPP-IV inhibitors and BP appearance, it is difficult to ignore that our data ...