Correlation between Serum trace elements and risk of Preeclampsia: A case Controlled study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2014
Pre-eclampsia refers to a syndrome of new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman. 1 Hypertension associated with pregnancy is the most common medical risk for maternal morbidity and mortality. 2 Pre-eclampsia has been dubbed the "disease of theories" because of the multiple hypothesis have been proposed to explain its occurrence. 3 Despite its prevalence and severity, the pathophysiology of this multisystemic disorder is still poorly understood. Some studies have shown that changes in the levels of trace elements in pre-eclamptic patients may implicate its pathogenesis, 4 while others have failed to show any association of blood levels of trace elements and prevalence of pre-eclampsia. 5 High rate of preeclampsia in developing countries have forced ABSTRACT Background: Despite numerous studies, the exact aetiology of pre-eclampsia remains unknown. Some studies have shown that supplementation of calcium and magnesium could ameliorate the effects of pre-eclampsia. The objective of this study was to compare the calcium and magnesium levels in the serum of Nigerian women with or without preeclampsia. Methods: In this study, serum calcium and magnesium levels were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry in 54 patients and 48 healthy normotensive pregnant women. The mean, standard deviation, Student's't' test and Pearson correlation were employed. Results: Serum calcium was significantly lower in patients than controls (9.17 ± 0.6 vs. 7.22 ± 0.5 mg/dl. P <0.001) (t test). Plasma Magnesium was significantly lower in patients than controls 13.19 ± 1.1 vs. 9.81 ± 0.7 mg/dl. P <0.001). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed significant inverse correlation with both calcium and magnesium (P<0.01). Conclusion: There was significant reduction in the levels of calcium and magnesium in patients with pre-eclampsia. Dietary supplementation of these trace elements may help to prevent pre-eclampsia.
2014
Pre-eclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Its exact etiology is not known, although several evidences indicate that various elements might play an important role in pre-eclampsia. This study was carried out to analyze and to compare the concentration of calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc in the serum of women with pre-eclampsia and in normal pregnant women. seventy five clinically diagnosed patients with pre-eclampsia and 74 normal pregnant controls were enrolled in this study. The serum calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc levels were estimated using spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean serum levels of calcium, magnesium, were significantly lower in preeclamptic pregnant group 7.56±0.82 mg/dl, and 1.75±0.11 mg/dl, respectively when compared with normal pregnant women 8.69±0.34 mg/dl, 1.87±0.11 mg/dl, respectively, P.values <0.05, while serum levels of ...
Role of trace elements zinc, copper and magnesium during pregnancy and its outcome
Indian journal of pediatrics, 2004
Trace element deficiencies have been documented to play an important role in determination of the fetal outcome. Pregnant women in developing countries have been reported to consume diets with a lower density of minerals and vitamins. Deficiencies of trace elements like zinc, copper and magnesium have been implicated in various reproductive events like infertility, pregnancy wastage, congenital anomalies, pregnancy induced hypertension, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, still births and low birth weight. The present review article highlights the important of role played by zinc, copper and magnesium during pregnancy and its outcome. The role of individual trace elements and in combination with other trace elements has not been completely documented. There is a need to undertake further studies in this field.
A Study of Serum Zinc,Copper and Calcium in Pregnancy and Preeclampsia
2006
Deficient or excessive levels of minerals can be an adverse factor in human and animal Pregnancies, which for a long time have been correlated with many maternal complications. Minerals like zinc, copper and calcium have been documented to play an important role in Pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Trace elements like zinc and copper are essential for the normal growth and Development; they have been implicated in various reproductive events like preeclampsia, Infertility, pregnancy wastage, congenital anomalies, placental abruption, premature rupture of Membranes, neurological abnormalities, fetal deaths and low birth weights. Calcium is the Macronutrient that has been best studied in relationship to preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a critically important disease of pregnancy, one of the major causes of Fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is diagnosed by new onset Of increased blood pressure, proteinuria occurring after 20 weeks of gestation and remission o...
Evaluation of trace elements in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia
2010
Trace elements such as zinc, copper, and selenium display antioxidant activity and act as peroxynitrite scavenger while others such as manganese and magnesium are essential micronutrients. The disturbance in the metabolism of these elements may be a contributing factor in the development of certain diseases such as pre-eclampsia. The aim of this study is to determine the status of these elements in pre-eclamptic pregnant women in Osogbo, Western Nigeria. Forty-nine pre-eclamptic patients and 40 age-matched non pre-eclamptic pregnant women (control group) were recruited from
The Role of Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc in Pre-Eclampsia
Biological Trace Element Research, 2010
Pre-eclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Its exact etiology is not known, although several evidences indicate that various elements might play an important role in pre-eclampsia. This study was carried out to analyze and to compare the concentration of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in the serum of women with pre-eclampsia and in normal pregnant women. Fifty clinically diagnosed patients with pre-eclampsia (25 with mild and 25 with severe pre-eclampsia) and 50 normal pregnant controls were enrolled in this study. The serum calcium, magnesium, and zinc levels were estimated with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean serum levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in normal pregnant group were 2.45 ± 0.18 mmol/L, 0.79 ± 0.13 mmol/L, and 15.64 ± 2.4 µmol/L, respectively, while in mild pre-eclamptic group, these were 2.12 ± 0.15 mmol/L, 0.67 ± 0.14 mmol/L, and 12.72 ± 1.7 µmol/L, respectively. Serum levels in severe pre-eclamptic group were 1.94 ± 0.09 mmol/L, 0.62 ± 0.11 mmol/L, and 12.04 ± 1.4 µmol/L, respectively. These results indicate that reduction in serum levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc during pregnancy might be possible contributors in etiology of pre-eclampsia, and supplementation of these elements to diet may be of value to prevent pre-eclampsia.
Makara Journal of Health Research
Background: Preterm birth (PTB) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) contribute to high hospital costs. An imbalance in the concentration of the four trace elements (i.e., copper, zinc, iron, and calcium) was shown to be associated with complications during pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the role of these trace elements in the occurrence of PTB and FGR. Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ovid. The articles were filtered based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and further screening was based on the association of articles with the clinical question. The risk of bias in each of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias table. Forrest plots were created and analyzed using Review Manager 5.3e. Results: Three studies were included in the risk of bias assessment and meta-analysis. Maternal serum levels of copper and iron were lower in the FGR group (p < 0.05), while copper, zinc, iron, and calcium were lower in the PTB group (p < 0.05). The included studies had a low degree of homogeneity (I2 < 50%). Conclusion: Maternal iron deficiency was associated with FGR, while low levels of the trace elements copper, zinc, iron, and calcium were associated with PTB.
To Determine the Effects of Copper, Zinc and Magnesium in Patients with Pre-Eclampsia
Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
OBJECTIVES: Pre-eclampsia is hypertensive and multi-system related disorder of pregnancy. It has frequently labeled as "disease of theories". 5-10% of pregnancies complicated due to pre-eclampsia and it is most common health problem worldwide. This study intended to estimates the copper, zinc and magnesium levels in patients with pre-eclampsia. METHOD: Total eighty subjects were included in the present study, from which 40 voluntaries were normotensive healthy pregnant women (controls), 40 were pre-eclamptic patients (cases). The subjects were recruited having symptoms of interest after taking obstetric history, anthropometric and clinical data. After taking informed consent, blood sample collected and stored for biochemical analysis. The serum zinc, copper and magnesium levels were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The study was conducted in biochemistry department during period of eight months from October 2015 to June 2016. RESULTS: Total eighty subjects were included in present study. The trace elements decreased and shows significant difference between control healthy pregnant and pre-eclamptic women (p<0.05). The mean difference of copper (0.15±0.07), zinc (2.94±0.45) and Mg ++ (0.15±0.09) mg/dl for the cases group and for control group copper was (0.20±0.03), zinc (5.11±0.21) and Mg ++ (2.17±0.21) mg/dl respectively. CONCLUSION: Trace elements are essential for the healthy pregnancy, suppressed concentration of serum Zinc, Copper and Magnesium may put forward the possible involvement in the pathology of pre-eclampsia. The aim of this study was to protects the mothers as well as her coming newborn from such life threating disease.
Calcium and magnesium status is not impaired in pregnant women
Nutrition Research, 2012
Deficiencies in calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are associated with various complications during pregnancy. To test the hypothesis that the status of these minerals is inadequate in pregnancy, a cross-sectional study was conducted of the dietary intake and status of Ca and Mg in pregnant women (n = 50) attending a general public university hospital in Brazil. Dietary intake was assessed from 4-day food records; levels of plasma Mg, erythrocyte Mg, and urinary Ca and Mg excretion were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy; and type I collagen C-telopeptides were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Probabilities of inadequate Ca and Mg intake were exhibited by 58 and 98% of the study population, respectively. The mean levels of urinary Ca and Mg excretion were 8.55 and 3.77 mmol/L, respectively. Plasma C-telopeptides, plasma Mg, and erythrocyte Mg were within normal levels. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed positive relationships among urinary Ca excretion, Ca intake (P = .002) and urinary Mg excretion (P < .001) and between erythrocyte Mg and Mg intake (P = .023). It is concluded that the Ca and Mg status of participants was adequate even though the intake of Ca and Mg was lower than the recommended level.