Modelling and multiobjective optimization analysis of a permanent magnet synchronous motor design (original) (raw)
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Electric Power Systems Research, 2005
The critical dimensions of magnet and its positional parameters in a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are optimized using Taguchi method. L16 Orthogonal Array (OA) was used in Taguchi method to optimize the magnet width w and thickness t, and magnet position parameters i.e., D1, O1, and Rib. Using the D-optimal design criterion, 52 data points for five factors were selected for optimization of power factor and efficiency using response surface methodology to perform the sensitivity analysis. Regression model for efficiency and power factor are modeled using analysis of variance results. A 1.07 kW capacity PMSM was designed based on the optimized parameters and making use of efficient computational resource, i.e., RMxprt tool of the ANSYS Maxwell software and drive system in ANSYS Simplorer for real time results and performance study. The performance of PMSM in terms of line current, load torque, and efficiency has been verified with the experimental results and the efficiency data available in literature. The results were found to be in a good agreement. Confirmation test results showed that the Taguchi method is very successful in the optimization of permanent magnet synchronous motor dimensions.
Multi-objective optimal design of permanent magnet synchronous motor
2016 IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), 2016
There is a strong demand for the research of electric vehicles (EVs) in automotive industry, because of an increase concern of the energy depletion and environmental pollution problems caused by oil-fueled automotive. The traction motor drive system is one of the core components of EVs. And a motor with superior dynamic performance and high efficiency could significantly reduce energy consumption and improving riding comfort of EVs. Therefore, in order to achieve high dynamic performance and high efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), a multi-objective optimization design method for PMSM based on the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was proposed in this paper. First, based on the magnetic field analytical model of PMSM, the analytical expressions of the key parameters were deduced, namely mechanical time constant and electrical time constant. Second, the efficiency, and electrical and mechanical time constant were defined as optimization objectives. Third, the efficiency and dynamic performance of the original motor and optimized motor were compared applying the finite element analysis. Furthermore, one prototype machine was manufactured according to the results of optimization. The dynamic performance and efficiency of the prototype had been tested. The experiments show confident results that the efficiency increased about 1%, the mechanical time constant reduced to 31.4% of initial value.
Design Improvement of Permanent Magnet Motor Using Single- and Multi-Objective Approaches
Power Electronics and Drives, 2023
Energy efficiency has become a critical concern worldwide, and strategies to improve energy efficiency are being implemented across various aspects of society and industry. Electric motors are significant consumers of electrical energy, making them a prime target for efficiency-improvement efforts. Researchers have dedicated substantial efforts to enhancing the efficiency of electrical machines, and this has been a focus of study for the past few decades. The optimal design of electrical machines can be achieved by optimising various objective functions. These functions may include efficiency, torque, power factor, output torque, cogging torque, volume, mass, and total cost. In some cases, a combination of multiple objective functions is used, resulting in multi-objective or manyobjective optimisation approaches. This allows for a more comprehensive assessment of machine performance. The optimisation process for electrical machines involves defining a vector of variables related to dimensions, current densities, flux densities, etc. These optimisations must also adhere to a set of constraints related to 34
IET Electric Power Applications, 2018
In engineering terms, it is always desirable to maximise the efficiency of the motor and to look the problem in economic viewpoint, minimisation of the weight and cost of the motor is required. As these two aspects are like two sides of a coin, it is usually aimed to acquire the best efficiency per weight and cost. As a result, the performance improvement of permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has two sides: technical and economic. This study proposes a new approach for design optimisation of an interior PMSM (IPMSM) taking into account both technical performances and economic considerations. The selected rotor configuration is a good candidate for general purpose industrial applications. A multiobjective optimisation technique based on a new and efficient magnetic equivalent circuit of the motor is applied to obtain optimal motor parameters. A Pareto front composed of possible optimal solutions is provided. The best optimal solution is then selected using a k-means clustering algorithm. To verify the efficacy of the design optimisation, the performance characteristics of the optimal PMSM are compared by both the finite element simulations and the experiments. In the test setup, an 8-pole, 200-Watt, four-phase IPMSM with an optimised structure is prototyped where the results give agreeable accuracy.
Przeglad Elektrotechniczny (Electrical Review), 2013
Considering that the natural sources of the earth are limited, it is necessary to produce economical electrical machines with a high efficiency through better design and a proper selection of materials. At present, magnets have a high energy product (BHmax) with suitable magnetic and physical properties for applications in electrical machines. This paper considers how an electrical engineer could take modern Permanent Magnets (PMs) into account when designing a PM machine. Also in this study, the magnetic and mechanical properties of synchronous PM machines are analysed via the Maxwell program based on finite element analysis. Furthermore, the simulation results of the designed PM synchronous motors with different magnet material types on their rotors are compared against each other according to their efficiency, torque, speed and output power. As the last step, the design was optimized to achieve maximum efficiency. Furthermore, this paper shows the price guidepost of modern PMs, which indicates that there will be a large demand for magnets unless alternative technologies prevail.
Permanent Magnet Machine Design Practice and Optimization
Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Forty-First IAS Annual Meeting, 2006
The complexity of the permanent magnet (PM) machine structure makes the optimal design of the PM machine always a difficult task. The multiple objectives of an optimal design make most classic optimization algorithms inapplicable, due to the nonlinearity and some discontinous variables. In this paper, two interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine design practices with modular stator structure and conventional stator structure are discussed. The design process is directly coupled with finite-element analysis (FEA) with the machine design guidelines embedded in the optimization process. Multivariable optimization methods based on Monte Carlo and Differential Evolution algorithms are applied in the design phase and the results are compared in this paper.
Simplified Approach to Design of 75 kW (100 HP) Industrial Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
This research paper anchors its investigation on overall design paradigm of permanent magnet motors; surface mount rotor type. In this research, a carefully organized procedural analytical process to permanent magnet motor design had been presented. It did not delve into in-depth study of the structure and formation of individual materials like the magnet, steel or insulator, rather it drew from already established characteristics of machine materials to create her design. It employed mathematical analysis where applicable to realize appropriate values used in the design. The output characteristics of the machine designed analytically in this research paper is investigated using 3D finite element analysis application, (MotoSolve 5.1) to further refine design parameters where necessary. Since there are countless alternatives to variation of parameters in machine design, future design of permanent magnet motors could be based on this work, because it presents a straight forward and coherent knowledge base, subsequent design of PMSMs will be a lot easier when based on this piece of work.
Multiobjective optimal design of saturated surface‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors
International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields, 2019
This paper presents a multiobjective optimal design of the parameters of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) considering saturation of the iron core. Multiobjective parameter tuning can further improve the performance characteristics of such motors. Specifically, efficiency and total volume are of great importance in industrial applications. A new formulation is presented for these two objective functions. In this paper, a multiobjective optimization based on a modified nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is utilized for optimal design of PMSM. Pareto-optimal solution is achieved, and optimal variables are obtained. The best solutions are then selected by k-means clustering algorithm for the motor under study. Finally, finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to validate the optimization procedure. The FEA results agree well with the values obtained by the optimization process. KEYWORDS finite element analysis (FEA), nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), k-means clustering 1 | INTRODUCTION Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are preferable and efficient choice in high-quality applications. PMSMs have an important role in specific industrial applications such as electric vehicles (EVs), space crafts, and marine explorer. Compact structure and high efficiency are the main superiority of such motors. Design optimization would enhance the performance of PMSMs furthermore. Different optimization tasks have been performed for optimal design of PMSMs with different attitudes. In the following, optimization researches on the optimal design of PMSMs are surveyed. Optimization problems are categorized into different divisions, eg, single-objective or multiobjective optimization, meta-heuristic or heuristic optimization methods, and different methods of modeling the PM motor. For example, design optimization of high torque density PM motor is presented in which the slot leakage is considered in the modeling of the PM motor. 1 In Karnavas et al, 2 a multiobjective design optimization with the aim of machine weight minimization and efficiency maximization for PMSM is presented. An interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor is designed and optimized to be used in hybrid hydraulic excavator. 3 In other research, different artificial intelligence methods are used to improve the efficiency of the PMSM. 4 In Parasiliti et al, 5 authors presented a finite element-based multiobjective optimization technique, which is applied to interior PMSM. The optimization procedure is performed to design two interior PMSMs. Objective functions of the research in Parasiliti et al 5 are minimization of weight and maximization of output power with wide constant-power region operation. Tsampouris et al 6 present geometry optimization of PMSM in which a comparison between the full and
Maximisation of power density in permanent magnet machines with the aid of optimisation algorithms
IET Electric Power Applications, 2018
This study considers the design of surface-mounted permanent magnet electrical machines for high-speed applications and proposes a methodology to determine the maximum achievable power density. Power density is usually improved by increasing rotational speed. At high speed, a mechanical retaining system for the rotor magnets must be considered. As the speed increases, the thickness of the retaining sleeve becomes larger, reducing torque capability. There will be an optimal speed at which the output power will be maximised. Both structural and electromagnetic design must be considered simultaneously to properly address this design problem. To simplify the design procedure, static finite-element simulations are used for the electromagnetic analysis and analytical formulae are employed for retaining sleeve sizing. The procedure is aided by multi-objective optimisation algorithms. A case study based on the specification of an aeronautical actuator is presented. The performances that can be obtained using different iron cores, high-grade silicon steel, and cobalt iron steel are compared. Finally, results obtained from transient finite-element electromagnetic and structural analysis are presented to validate the feasibility of the proposed procedure.
Characterization and optimization of a permanent magnet synchronous machine
COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2009
Purpose -The first purpose of this paper is to identify -by an inverse problem -the unknown material characteristics in a permanent magnet synchronous machine in order to obtain a numerical model that is a realistic representation of the machine. The second purpose is to optimize the machine geometrically -using the accurate numerical model -for a maximal torque to losses ratio. Using the optimized geometry, a new machine can be manufactured that is more efficient than the original. Design/methodology/approach -A 2D finite element model of the machine is built, using a nonlinear material characteristic that contains three parameters. The parameters are identified by an inverse problem, starting from torque measurements. The validation is based on local BH-measurements on the stator iron. Findings -Geometrical parameters of the motor are optimized at small load (low-stator currents) and at full load (high-stator currents). If the optimization is carried out for a small load, the stator teeth are chosen wider in order to reduce iron loss. An optimization at full load results in a larger copper section so that the copper loss is reduced.