Adsorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol on bentonite modified with benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (original) (raw)
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IntechOpen eBooks, 2024
Bentonite clay modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) has been investigated as an effective adsorbent for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption performance of Bentonite-CTAB was evaluated by conducting batch adsorption experiments under different conditions. The adsorption isotherms of BPA and PCP on Bentonite-CTAB (BT-CTAB) were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Langmuir model provided a better fit to the experimental data, suggesting the presence of monolayer adsorption. The adsorption kinetics of BPA and PCP on Bentonite-CTAB were studied using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The results indicate that the adsorption process follows pseudo-secondorder kinetics, suggesting that the adsorption is controlled principally by chemisorption. Equilibrium time for both pollutants was achieved within 30-40 min. The results of adsorption studies indicated that Bentonite-CTAB exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for bisphenol A and pentachlorophenol. The high surface area and presence of active sites on Bentonite-CTAB favored adsorption of pollutants from aqueous solution. The adsorption process adopted pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating the involvement of chemisorption. the adsorption isotherms of BPA and PCP on Bentonite-CTAB were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Langmuir model provided a better fit to the data, suggesting monolayer adsorption.
Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2019
Recently, the products of dyes and phenols that effluent into water cause serious environmental complications where they cannot be controlled and sustained in the environment. In this study, a special type of bentonite clay was used to remove two types of reactive dyes (red, green) and 2,4-dichlorophenol from water by adsorption processes, under different operating conditions of pH values between (4-9) contact time (30-180) min, bentonite dose (0.2-1) g/200 ml, initial concentration (5-100) mg/L for reactive dyes, and (5-50) mg/L for 2.4-Dichlorophenol.The adsorption model has been applied to represent fit the experimental data of the adsorption process. The results showed that the Langmuir model was more suitable to represent the removal of reactive dyes (red, green) and the Freundlich model was more suitable to represent the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by bentonite clay.
(ENV03) Equilibrium adsorption study of 3-chlorophenol and o-cresol on modified montmorillonite
2004
Introduction Phenolic compounds are commonly produced in wastewater streams generated by petrochemical, oil refineries, coal conversion, steel plant, paint and phenol-producing industries (Gallego et al., 2003; Aygϋn et al., 2003). The removal or destruction of phenolic compounds has become a significant environmental concern as less than 1 mg/L phenol is required for wastewater discharged, enacted Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia in Environmental Quality Act 1979 (Sewage and Industrial Effluent). It is well known that phenolic compounds are toxic while some of these continents are carcinogenic. Numbers of conventional and recent technologies have leaded to propose various methods for treating wastewater containing phenolic compounds and its derivatives. The implementation of suitable method for removal of wastewater pollutant should be both environmentally acceptable and cost-effective. Adsorption process is a prominent method for removal of organic pollutants practically u...
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009
Adsorption removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solutions by bentonite/CTAB was studied using two ways: the first one using organophilic bentonite as adsorbent. This material was prepared by exchanging the organic cations as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) for sodium (Na + ) on the layer surface of clay (two steps method). The second way was using bentonite as adsorbent, which is in contact with simultaneous 2,4-dichlorophenol and CTAB in solution (one-step method).
Adsorption, 2013
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have widely been studied and a special concern because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic activities. In this study, natural-and chemically modified-bentonite were characterized by means of N 2 adsorption method, XRD, SEM, FT-IR, elemental and thermal analysis and zeta potential techniques and their adsorption behavior were then investigated toward naphthalene, which is the first member of the PAHs. The effects of various experimental parameters such as pH, contact time and temperature on adsorption were tested in the experiments. The optimum pH values for naphthalene adsorption onto natural bentonite (NB) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide modified bentonite (HB) were found to be as 4.00 and 5.97, respectively. The equilibrium contact time was 60 min for both of the adsorbent. A comparison of the linear and nonlinear method of three widely used kinetic models, which are Lagergren-first order, the pseudo-second-order and Elovich kinetics, and the most popular isotherms, which are Langmuir and Freundlich, were examined to the experimental data of the adsorption of naphthalene onto NB and HB. The kinetic results indicated that the pseudo-secondorder kinetic model with high correlation coefficients was more suitable than the other kinetic models e.g. Lagergren first-order and Elovich. All results showed that the modified bentonite can be used as an adsorbent to remove PAHs from aqueous solutions by using adsorption method due to its effectiveness, simplicity and low-cost than the other conventional methods.
The removal of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions by organophilic bentonite
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2004
The adsorption of p-chlorophenol (p-CP) and p-nitrophenol (p-NP) on organophilic bentonite (dodecylammonium bentonite, DDAB) was studied as a function of solution concentration and temperature. The observed adsorption rates were found to be equal to the first-order kinetics. The rate constants were calculated for temperatures ranging between 25.0-35.0 • C at constant concentration. The adsorption energies, E and adsorption capacity, (q m ), for phenolic compounds adsorbed to organophilic bentonite were estimated by using the Dubinin-Radushkevic equation. Thermodynamic parameters from the adsorption isotherms of p-CP and p-NP on organophilic bentonite were determined. These isotherms were modeled according to Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevic adsorption isotherms and followed the V-shaped isotherm category with two steps. The amount of adsorption was found to be dependent on the relative energies of adsorbent-adsorbate, adsorbate-solvent and adsorbate-adsorbate interaction.
Removal of Chlorothalonil from water by a bentonite treated chemically
Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences, 2017
The adsorption of Chlorothalonil fungicide from aqueous solution onto raw and activated bentonite samples was investigated as a function of parameters such as pH, contact time, and temperature. The acid activation of natural bentonite was performed by treatment with hydrochloric solution of different concentrations. The high adsorption capacity of chlorothalonil was obtained by activated bentonite at 323 K in the range of pH 3-4 for 60 min of contact time. It was be 32.01 and 42.88 mg/g for raw and bentonite activated by 1N hydrochloric acid, respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the related isotherms. Freundlich equation has shown the best fitting with the experimental data. The pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data. The changes of enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy of adsorption process were determined. The results indicated that the adsorption of chlorothalonil occurs spontaneously as an endothermic process.
Water Practice and Technology, 2020
Bentonite samples collected from M'Zila of Mostaganem (Algeria) were treated in first protocol with sulfuric acid at concentrations 1, 3 and 6N. The second protocol concerns the acid attack of bentonite combined with thermal treatment at temperatures of 100 and 200 °C. The obtained adsorbents were characterized by different analyses techniques such as chemical composition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), specific surface area and pHPZC. The modified bentonites were used for removal of Chlorothalonil (Chl) from aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior of the pesticide was studied under different experimental conditions of pH, contact time, concentration of Chl and temperature of solution. The adsorption of Chl followed pseudo-second order kinetics and was described by the Freundlich equation. Thermodynamic study revealed that Chl adsorption was endothermic and physical in nature.
Exploitation of Bentonite for Wastewater Treatment
Montmorillonite Clay, 2021
Bentonite is a clay with interesting surface properties (affinity for water, adsorption capacity for electro-positive compounds….). The characteristics and clarifying properties of bentonite from various companies are the subject of numerous studies. The present work focuses on the study of the efficiency of bentonite and modified bentonite to purify aqueous solutions containing organic pollutants such as phenol. First, before starting the adsorption study, a physical–chemical characterization of the clay by FTIR, BET and XRD techniques was undertaken. The specific surface of the bentonite is calculated by BET. Then, the study of isotherms and kinetics of phenol adsorption on commercial BTC showed that this pollutant can be removed from liquid effluents with a significant percentage. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied. Finally, the kinetic study performed by UV–Visible was reproduced by FTIR spectroscopy.
Adsorption of aniline, N-methyl aniline and N, Ndimethyl aniline from aqueous solution was investigated using raw and modified Jordanian bentonite. The modification was done using hexadecyltrimethylammomium chloride (HDTMA-Cl), C 19 H 42 N Cl. The raw and the modified bentonite (organobentonite) were characterized using X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV/VIS spectroscopy and cation exchange capacity (CEC) methods. The adsorption studies were performed in batch system, and the effect of various experimental parameters such as solution PH, initial concentration of pollutants were evaluated upon the aniline and its derivatives adsorption onto raw and organobentonite. It is found that removal of aniline from aqueous solution using raw bentonite ranges from 29.5% to 40.6% while for organobentonite ranges from 60.2% to 88.0%, for N-methylaniline from 19.0% increased to 69.5% and for N,N-dimethyaniline the adsorption increase from 19.4% to 96.4%. Maximum achievement was found to be in the range PH 3.1 to 4.2 for the organobentonite samples. The parameters indicated that organobentonite was feasible and has a significant potential as an adsorbent for removal of aniline and its derivatives from aqueous solutions.