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Migration is always a hot issue that receives much attention of governments all over the world. Migration can strongly affect many aspects of a nation. Because of its great effects, many nation try to find solutions to control migration. Vietnam, a country in South East Asia, is no exception In the past ten years, Vietnam had a remarkable succeed on developing the level of economic growth and reducing the poverty. This goes hand in hand with important shifts in population. One of the shifts is the rapid increase in migration. In this paper, a careful look will be given to migration in Vietnam. The reasons and solutions for migration problems happening in Vietnam will be considered. The paper also pays attention to the relationship between Vietnam and the United States and the migrating from Vietnam to the United States throughout the history of Vietnam America relation.
Policies and Implementations to Prevent and Combat Trafficking in Persons in Vietnam
The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies, 2019
In recent years, the situation of human trafficking activities in the world and the region continues to be complicated with the increasingly sophisticated nature, methods and tricks. In the Asia-Pacific region in general and the Mekong Sub-region countries in particular, including Vietnam, criminal activities of trafficking in people, especially women and children still take place; directly harm human life, health, honor, and dignity; adversely affect security and social order(UNODC, 2018a, 2018b). According to UNODC (2018b), this is where the crime of trafficking is very complicated, and the highest number of trafficked people is 11.7 million, accounting for about 70%. These areas are hot spots for crimes of trafficking with transnational and regional lines. In recent years, Vietnam has focused on promoting the prevention of human trafficking through participating in international treaties, building and perfecting the legal system and organizing law enforcement, dissemination and propaganda to raise awareness of people to prevent forced labor trade. First of all, at the 9 th Session of the XII National Assembly, Vietnam passed the Law on Human Trafficking Prevention and Combat in March 2011, it took effect in January 2012. This law provides the prevention, detection and handling of human trafficking acts and other acts in violation of criminal law referring trafficking in persons; receipt, verification and protection of and support for victims; international cooperation in human trafficking prevention and fight; and responsibilities of the Government, ministries, sectors and localities for human trafficking prevention and combat(National Assembly of Vietnam, 2011). And then, secondly, in particular, to concretize and implement policies and legal documents in Criminal Code and Human Trafficking Law, the Decree No. 62/2012/ND-CP stipulated the basis for determining victims of trafficking in persons and protect safety for their victims and relatives. Besides that, the Human Trafficking's Law deployed in combine with implementing vocational training to solve poverty reduction and gender equality; protecting children; support women and other programs on socioeconomic development to effectively address human trafficking. In particular, since 2016, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 793/QD-TTg approving the 30th July each year will become Anti-Human Trafficking Day, which aims to strengthen activities to prevent and combat human trafficking. Thirdly, in terms of international responses, Vietnam has joined the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UN TOC) since 8 th June 2012 as well as signed and ratified Protocol on the prevention and suppression of trafficking in particular trafficking in women and children since29 th December 2011 and the International Labour Organization's Convention No. 29 on Anti-Forced Labour. Notably, Vietnam also signed the ASEAN Convention against Trafficking in Persons (ACTIP) together with other members since 2015 at the 27 th ASEAN Summit in Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia.In Vietnam, on 13 th December 2016, the President signed Decision No.2674/2016/QD-CTN approving the ACTIP Convention, and the Convention officially takes effect for Vietnam from 8th March 2017. The ratification of the Convention contributes to demonstrating an active and proactive role, affirming the commitment of Vietnam and the
Review of In Camps: Vietnamese Refugees, Asylum Seekers, and Repatriates by Jana Lipman
Journal of Asian Studies, 2022
this initiative to further develop their tapestry of the era's labor regimes as the project develops. This will involve refining the boundaries of what counts as "labor" migration; two of the essays suggest this is a work in progress. The movement of Vietnamese officials within the precolonial imperial bureaucracy (Emmanuel Poisson's essay) may well be thought of as a form of labor migration, but its inclusion underscores the absence of similar topics more relevant for a colonial-era project: these include the dozens of Nguyễn dynasty imperial officials who received some administrative practicums in France (which Christiane Rageau has written about), as well as the thousands of Vietnamese administrative subalterns in the French bureaucracy in Cambodia and Laos. Nguyen Phi Vân's excellent essay also seems a bit out of place, since the hundreds of thousands who left north for south during the partition of Vietnam were most obviously political and religious refugees (most were Catholic); some likely did migrate south for work or economic opportunities, but the essay does not explore that realm of their experience. The somewhat hazy parameters of this project's operative category raises questions about whether it should consider other forms of migration as well.
Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees
This article examines the role of NGO resettlement workers in refugee camps in Southeast Asia during the late 1970s and 1980s. The workers offered psychological support to refugees whose lives were in turmoil, but they also helped them present themselves in ways that would be most attractive to Western host countries. This process involves both commission and omission. NGO resettlement workers sometimes actively guided refugees by giving them specific advice and training. At other times, they facilitated this endeavour by observing how refugees fit themselves into the selection categories of various states, but chose to remain silent in order to avoid jeopardizing the refugees’ chances for resettlement.
RETURN MIGRATION OF VIETNAMESE FROM CAMBODIA: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
Thu Dau Mot Journal of Science, 2024
Over several decades, a combination of historical, economic, and political factors have influenced the multifaceted phenomenon of Vietnamese return migration from Cambodia. This article examines the return migration of Vietnamese from a historical perspective with document and contextual analysis, revealing a broader picture of the socioeconomic and political dynamics in Cambodia and the historical relationship between Cambodia and Vietnam. Before the 1990s, return migration was significantly influenced by colonial-era migration policies and pervasive anti-Vietnamese sentiments. These factors led to violent repression and forced evictions under regimes such as Lon Nol and the Khmer Rouge, profoundly impacting the Vietnamese community in Cambodia. In contrast, administrative governance and economic factors have become the key determinants of Vietnamese return migration in the contemporary period. Understanding the underlying causes and mechanisms that create the situation for Vietnamese in Cambodia and their return is crucial, serving as a basis for addressing their current challenges and promoting their social integration in both countries.