Republica Moldova, între România şi Rusia 1989–2009, by Dorin Cimpoeşu (original) (raw)
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The Sovietisation of Romania, - -the first two years behind the curtain of propaganda
Journal of Education Culture and Society, 7(2), 364-376, 2016
The dogmatic discourse and institutionalized control build a totalitarian state on two main pillars: propaganda and indoctrination. Our study analyzes the phenomena of cultural mimesis and ideological transplantation inside the Romanian communist system. Periphery and centre represent concepts that help us in the process of constructing our cultural theory about the propaganda system and its evolution during the years before the abolition of monarchy, 1946-1947. The study is based mainly on archive documents. Therefore, we followed up the chronological paths in which the propaganda was used as an external weapon, and also as an internal indoctrination.
2012
In this provocative book, Paulina Bren brings to life the “stagnant” decades of “nothingness” (4) that followed the 1968 Prague Spring and the failure of a Communist reform movement in Czechoslovakia. Officially called the period of “normalization,” when life was meant to return to “normal” after the upheaval of the reform period and the resulting invasion of the country by Warsaw Pact troops, scholars have not devoted much attention to topics other than dissidents in the 1970s and 1980s. Bren attributes this gap to the immense challenge of writing a history without notable events or transformative conflicts, although by the end of the book, with its bold rereading of the standard history of the period, this characterization seems less apt. Readers will be struck by how uneventful and dreary everyday life appears in the text. Yet the book\u27s cumulative effect is not to simply interrogate this boredom, but rather to emphasize how much more fraught, complex, and laden with cultural ...
"Political power and, in particular, totalitarian regimes use sophisticated instruments of propaganda in order to legitimise their abusive or repressive measures. Ideologies were used to support, during the 20th century, totalitarian regimes, the latter’s ultimate failure leading to the “end of ideology” (Knight 622). The study is interested in the relations between the “totalitarian ideology” applied in its practices by Communism and cultural manifestation, the latter being transformed into an instrument of propaganda. The roles of art and literature within propaganda are intimately connected to the legitimising mechanism. Culture is forced to abandon any aesthetic interests, losing independence and becoming tributary to a role and a cause. It was functional, as transformed in discourse manifestations of the communist ideology with the purpose to legitimise power. It meant an artificial and dramatic shift for all Eastern Europe cultures as their natural aesthetic orientation was replaced by functionality and subordination to politics. This trauma was also experienced by the Romanian culture in the late 1940s and 1950s – case particularly analysed in the study – being forced to follow this new function of legitimising a regime that was consolidating its fragile bases."
The culture of dissent: The end of the utopia in Eastern Europe
This year marks the 100th anniversary of the Russian revolution. Russian revolution had been one of the most significant social phenomenons of the previous century. And equally significant has been its fall. Various cultural and social factors had gone into the eruption of the revolution. And soon a different social structure had emerged in U.S.S.R. a form that the society had never before witnessed. This structure was the creation of the society and especially of all those who had been suppressed for centuries. However the initial utopia that the revolution had ushered died away and the suppressed remained where they were. The dissenting voices that had previously hailed the system raised their voices against the system. The system that held such promise seemed to disappoint them. Then after the Second World War, socialism spread like wildfire through Eastern Europe. It was the liberating force. Though it did not have as much of a popular support as in Russia, its utopia was comparable. But again like in U.S.S.R. the system seemed to dominate the ideals and the people of the Socialist Bloc, were agitated. The cultural phenomenon of that period bore a mark of this oppression. The propaganda films, the literature that was allowed to be published, did uphold the values of the revolution. However the bureaucracy did not allow any writings or art that voiced disagreement with the principles of the state. One such novel, ‘The Joke’ by Milan Kundera, which was not initially allowed to be published by the Czechoslovakian authorities, can through a sociological reading reveal the factors which led to the ultimate fall of the U.S.S.R. Incidentally this is the half centenary of its publication adding to its symbolic importance as the primary reference.
The structural formation of the leader cult in Communist Romania has been subject to intense scholarly debates since 1989. Most studies analyse its development and relationship with the social in association with the creation of mythology within the Romanian context, the evolution of ‘nationalist’ ideas, and political structural changes that affected the regime down to its core. This thesis unravels its mission in two ways: on one hand, it analyses the development of the leader cult in Romania during the 1970s by insisting on the role of the written press on feeding the regimes proclivities; on the other hand, it contextualizes the social and temporal boundaries of that evolution by an introspection into the importance of the Election of Nicolae Ceaușescu as the first President of Romania. As such, the thesis argues that this event had the role of legitimizing the leader in front of the Romanian people, while at the same time enhancing the image of Ceaușescu as the incorporation of national will. Furthermore, this short study brings about the content changes within the press that were triggered by the Election, as well as an analysis on how all leader cult elements have been gradually constructed by the press in the 1970s.
Informacijos mokslai
This text is about one of the longest processes of political communication, which, decades on, influences politicians of various generations of the Central, Eastern and Western Europe, contents of media and self-awareness of the audience. The process isn’t over yet, this is obvious not only from the document adopted by the EP but also from an international political rhetoric. Analysis of consequences of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact signed on 1939 in media (D’39Pact) and related national and international decisions is the axis of information conflict between the East and the West concerning thousands of fates. Those thousands of people had and still have different historical narratives – some people justified the Pact and implemented it, others were fighting for the elimination of its consequences, yet others fell victims to it, with a death toll estimated in the millions. But not everybody’s narratives are based on true arguments.Let’s look at the way the system of propaganda collaps...