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Io nlyo ffer modi res considerandi,n ew possible ways of lookinga tt hings.I invitet he reader to try them on themselves, to see whether they ares uccessful in yieldingf ertile visions;e ach person, then, by virtue of their intimatea nd faithful experience, will verify their truth or their error. (OrtegayGasset) 1E very Novel Is Don Quixote As OrtegayGasset peremptorilyp ut it in his Meditations on Quixote,t he novel and the epic "are exactlyo pposite".¹ Apart from the caseo fDon Quixote, which is the uniquelyo riginary moment of the genre, Ortegaw as referringt o the modern novel, which developedand reached its apex in the nineteenth century.I nMeditations,a sw ell as his later work, Notes on the Novel (1925), Ortega openlyand bitterlypolemicised with Croceand his Aesthetics,excluding from his analysis romance, picaresque, and fantastic novels, which he considered to be closer to the epic and the ancient novel, respectively,b oth in terms of function and characteristics.The genre is thus limited to the realist novel, as Auerbach would later understand it,aserious representation of the everyday. Ortega'se xclusive conception of the genre begins with the estrangement and completeo pposition between the two terms "novel" and "epic".H ed oes so more radically than Hegel in Lectures on Aesthetics,² which postulated aform of relation or continuitybetween the twob yr eferringt othe novel as a "modern bourgeois epic", and also more radicallyt han the "Hegelian" Lukács in Theoryo ft he Novel. Accordingly,whereas the epic narrates an idealised past,the novel describes apresent caught up in reality.This also means that, whereas the epic is essentially action and adventurous improbability,o nt he contrary,t he novel is "atmosphere" and "contemplation",r eaching its extreme in the Proustian Recherche OrtegayGasset 2016,1 10.The translation is ours.D ue to the ongoingh ealth emergency, retrievingt he original texts has sometimes provede xtremelyd ifficult; however,wed id our best to check the original version of the texts quoted. Hegel1 997, 1223. OpenAccess. ©2 022R affaello Palumbo Mosca, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the CreativeC ommons Attribution 4.0 International License.