Article-56 Copy r ight@ E M lnt er n atio nal ISSN 0971 765X Study on estimation of soil loss of urmodi river basin in Maharashtra using geographical information system (original) (raw)
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Soil erosion is one of the serious issues threatening the environment. This degrading phenomenon deteriorates the soil fertility and drastically affects the agricultural practices. As a consequence, the productivity of soil is affected unquestionably. In this regard, there is a need to take up conservation and management measures which can be applied to check further soil erosion. Even though, soil erosion is a mass process spread across the watershed, it is not economically viable to implement conservation techniques to the entire watershed. However, a method is a prerequisite to identify the most vulnerable areas and quantify the soil erosion. In this context, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) has been adopted to estimate soil erosion in the semi-arid Andipatti Watershed of Tamil Nadu, India. This model takes into consideration the parameters including runoff-rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodability Factor (K), topographic factor (LS), cropping management factor (C), and support practice factor (P). All these layers are prepared in a geographical information system (GIS) platform using various data sources and data preparation methods. The results of the study indicate that the annual average soil loss within the watershed is about 6 t/ha/yr (metric ton per hectare per year). Higher soil erosion is observed in the landuse classes of gullied wasteland, open scrub forest and degraded plantation. The soil erosion risk is extremely higher on the steep slopes and adjoining foot hills. Based on the average soil erosion values of different landuse classes and characteristics of land, a proposed landuse map was prepared. The estimated soil erosion and the proposed landuse map could be an effective input for drawing sustainable watershed development measures.
An integrated method has been adopted to estimate soil loss in a plateau and plateau fringe river basin where soil erosion is significant. The integration of Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model and geographical Information technology has been used for soil loss estimation. In GIS platform, the overlay of rainfall-runoff erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, slope length factor, slope steepness factor, cover and management factor, support and conservation practices factor results that the high amount of soil loss (more than 100 t ha -1 year -1 ) is significantly low and occupies 0.08% of the entire study area. High soil loss in upstream of the basin has a close relation to LS and K factor and drainage density. As a result of soil loss in the upper catchment areas, reservoir capacity has been depleted both in dead and live storage space. It is concluded that soil erosion has a significant impact on plateau fringe areas and the estimation of soil loss is an essential input for the adoption of proper land use planning and development strategies.
AIMS Geosciences, 2020
Soil erosion is one of the major environmental problems in northeast India, and identifying areas prone to severe erosion loss is therefore very crucial for sustainable management of different land uses. Tuirial river basin, where shifting cultivation is a major land use, is prone to severe soil erosion and land degradation, linked to its fragile geo-morpho-pedological characteristics. Though several models are available to estimate soil erosion the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is more appropriate and practical model that can be applied at a local or regional level. The objective of the study was to estimate annual soil loss in the upper Tuirial river basin by using RUSLE where various parameters such as rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), slope length (L), slope steepness factor (S), crop management factor (C) and practice management factor (P) were taken into consideration. Land use land cover (LULC) derived from Satellite data of Sentinel 2A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were integrated into the model. Our results revealed that the river basin has an average annual soil loss of 115.4 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , and annual sediments loss to the tune of 6.161 million Mg yr −1 from the basin. About one-fourth (24.78%) of the total basin could be classed as very high to very severe soil erosion prone area that need immediate conservation measures. Besides, the erosional activities were perceived directly proportional with the slope values in the basin. However, regardless of the rugged mountainous terrain of the basin, the unscientific practice of shifting cultivation, associated with high intensity of rainfall is the principal cause of soil erosion. The results of the study is expected to contribute to adaptation of appropriate soil and water conservation measures in the basin 526 AIMS Geosciences Volume 6, Issue 4, 525-544. area, and similar studies may also be extended to other unexplored areas for proper watershed management in state of Mizoram.
Water science and engineering, 2015
A watershed is an area covering all the land that contributes water after rainfall occurs to a common point. Watershed management programme is mainly for conservation and development of natural resources. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) are emerging very powerful tools for analyzing spatial distributed information. In these study satellite images of IRS-P6 LISS-III images have been used. Heavy runoff and soil erosion are two severe problems of watershed development. In the present study, SCS Curve Number (CN) is used to estimate the runoff and USLE equations are used to measure the soil loss from the study watershed. The present study is carried out on Vishwamitri river watershed, Panchmahal& Vadodara districts of Gujarat State, India having an area of 1185 Sq.km. The geographical location of the area lies between 22 o 00' and 22 o 45' of north latitude and 73 o 00' and 73 o 45' of east longitude. The daily rainfall data of 5 rain gauge stations (1990-2013) was collected and used to predict the daily runoff from the watershed using SCS-CN method and GIS. The analysis shows that for the study period 1990-2013, minimum and maximum values of (a) yearly computed average rainfall are 336.28 mm and 2170.2 mm and (b) yearly computed average runoff are 49.49 mm and 800.19 mm respectively. All five parameters of USLE equation for soil loss viz. R, K, LS, C, and P were estimated. Watershed based analysis for erosion shows that two sub watersheds coded as SW1 & SW2 are experiencing very severe soil erosion conditions whereas remaining two sub watersheds coded as SW3 & SW4 are subjected to moderate soil erosion conditions. The average computed annual soil loss from study watersheds is 60.65 ton /ha/year.
International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, 2015
Soil erosion is one of the critical problem occurs in india as well as some developed countries. A large area can prone for soil erosion, which turn, reduces productivity. Soil erosion estimation is very time consuming exercise. Methods such as the Universal Soil loss Equation (USLE) are widely used for the estimation of soil erosion from watershed. This paper deals with the estimation of soil erosion using USLE in a GIS environment and prioritization of watersheds on that basis. Vishwamitri river watershed in Gujarat, India is taken as the study area. Satellite images of IRS-P6 LISS-III have been used. Various thematic maps like Land use, Soil and Slope map were prepared at BISAG. soil erosion of each of the sub watersheds was estimated. The sub watershed was prioritization of watershed. In present Study, all five parameters of USLE like R.K.LS, C,P was estimated. Calculating all five parameters of USLE, it is found that two sub watersheds coded as SW1 & SW2 are subjected to very severe condition which needs to controlling measures. Remaining two sub watersheds coded as SW3 & SW4 are subjected to Moderate condition. The computed Annual Soil loss of study area is 240.27 ton /ha/year
YMER Digital
A spatial technique is essential for proper utilization and soil preservation management often requires estimates of soil loss at a provincial scale. With the advent of powerful and high-speed personal computers, efficient techniques for soil loss estimation have evolved, of which geoinformatics technology are of great significance. A geospatial analysis was carried out to know the soil loss calculations in the Krishna River in part of Raichur district, Karnataka. An analytical representation such as Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its following Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) are useful tools to produce the quantitative calculate about the essential for controlling management approach. Spatial data layers including, rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodability (K), slope length and steepness (LS), cover management (C) and conservation practice (P) factors were computed to estimate the average annual soil loss of the study area. The average estimated soil loss rate ...
An Estimation of Soil Erosion in Gandamanur Watershed Using Geospatial Technology
2018
Soil erosion is one of the critical environmental problems and a major threat to many natural resources. Stream bank erosion is a kind of water erosion, in which soil is removed by the runoff flowing over the sides of the stream coming from the areas or by undercutting of soil below the water surface from the stream section. Quantitative analysis of soil loss and description of erosion prone areas are essential for conservation programme. The present study focuses on estimation of soil erosion in Gandamanur watershed of Theni District. The soil loss values estimated for Gandamanur watershed ranges from 0 to 219.7 ton/ hec /yr with an average of 2.53 t/ha/yr (metric ton per hectare per year). High soil erosion found in steep slopes and streams. Integrated Remote sensing and GIS technology is applied for prepare various thematic layers of Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) which is used to estimate the soil erosion at watershed level.
Mapping soil erosion in a river basin of madhaya pradesh using remote sensing and gis
For the protection of the land from erosion, it is essential to measure and locate soil loss. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, RUSLE, can estimate soil erosion potential on cell-by-cell raster-based GIS data frame. For the present work, Hiran River at Patan, Madhya Pradesh was selected for estimation of soil loss. The study aimed for qualitative assessment of soil erosion prone areas by calculating soil loss using RUSLE. Models, like RUSLE, require less data making soil erosion estimation practicable within larger scales as monthly precipitation data; digital elevation model, soil map, land use and land cover types and slope length and steepness were used to determine the RUSLE values. One of the most important parameters of RUSLE is C factor that represents effects of vegetation and other land covers. Estimating C factor in this study involves the use of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), an indicator which shows vegetation cover, using the regression equation in Spatial Analyst tool of ArcGIS 10.1 software. The Quantitative assessment has effectively been accomplished by calculating rates of soil loss and developing soil loss severity maps of the study areas using soil loss equation model RUSLE. This study has demonstrated GIS as a valuable tool in determining soil erosion and assisting the estimation of soil loss.
Soil Erosion Assessment Using Geospatial Technique A Case Study of North Bihar India.pdf
In Avishek K., et al., (Eds.) Construction management, Mechanization and Environmental sustainability. White Falcon Publishing, 2017
Soil erosion is one of the most critical environmental hazards of recent times. A large area suffers from soil erosion, which in turn, reduces productivity. In this present study, the soil erosion assessments were carried out in North Bihar using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. The geocoded digital data of IRS P6 LISS-III and Survey of India toposheets were interpreted and various thematic maps such as drainage, soils, geomorphology, texture, slope maps have been prepared. Thereafter, each factors for each of the parameters were overlaid and integrated it one another and various soil erosion prone areas were demarcated. GIS integration was carried out using Arc GIS to assess the soil erosion by overlaying the following maps such as drainage, slope, soil, soil texture and geomorphology. The results of interpretation and analysis inferred that soil erosion estimation using Remote Sensing and GIS technique can be effectively used for prioritization of catchments and this helps in the way the catchments can be taken for treatment for conservation measures.
Modelling Soil Erosion Using RUSLE and GIS for Kadalundi River Basin in Kerala, India
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2024
The main objective of the study was to estimate the potential average annual soil loss from Kadalundi river basin using RUSLE model and to prepare the spatial distribution map of soil erosion hazard using GIS to suggest suitable soil conservation and management measures for the basin. The individual factor maps for each factor in the RUSLE equation were prepared and multiplied in raster calculator to obtain the spatial distribution map of soil erosion with the help of ArcGIS. The daily rainfall data, basic soil data, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and satellite imageries were used as the input data for the calculation of rainfall erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, topographic factor, cover management factor and conservation practice factor. The results indicated an average annual erosion of 5.48 t•ha-1 •yr-1 in the basin during the period of 2001 to 2021. The total quantity of soil washed away from the basin was 694836.60 t•yr-1. The estimated values of R-factor ranged from 938.97 MJ•mm•ha-1 •h-1• yr-1 to 1102.65 MJ•mm•ha-1 •h-1• yr-1 , and the computed erodibility factor Original Research Article