An introduction to the theories of institutional change (original) (raw)

Facilities of Original Institutional Economics in Research of Institutional Changes

Institutional changes in the economy have been the research subject of many economists, the majority of studies are carried out within neoinstitutionalism. In this paper the author attempts to analyze current institutional changes in terms of the old or traditional institutionalism. The author focuses, on the one hand, on the study of asynchrony transformation of regulation mechanisms, and institutions, on the other hand. As an important factor the collective action of special interest groups are considered in the analysis of institutional changes.

Institutional changes: Alternative theories and consequences for institutional design

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2011

This paper surveys alternative approaches to the emergence and evolution of institutions. The challenge is to develop frameworks capable of capturing both stability and change. We follow a "descaling" approach to show how founding assumptions about economics-namely, alternative assumptions about individual rationality and the role of social efficiency-influence our understanding of the drivers of institutional evolution. We then contrast two families of institutional theory. In the first, institutions are viewed as rules imposed on individuals and the focus is on the strategic games among coalitions that aim to promote or block new rules. In the second, institutions are viewed as shared beliefs; here the idea is to analyze how equilibria that are self-enforcing (in terms of mutual expectations about others' behaviors) can collapse and so induce switching to another equilibrium. Finally, we discuss the political economy literature that examines institutional transitions to a market economy, and we identify long-term drivers as well as short-term political barriers to institutional reforms.

Institutions, institutional change and economic performance

2009

North begins his book by stating that "institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, are the humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction."(3) That being said North then proposes to examine institutions, changes in them, and their impact on economic performance over time.

New Institutional Economics: A Critique to Fundamentals & Broad Strokes Towards an Alternative Theoretical Framework for the Analysis of Institutions

This article explicitly deals with and scrutinises what can be perceived to be the core analytical issues and methodological concepts of new institutional economics. New institutionalism seeks to explain not just the origins and evolution of institutions of capitalism, but more generally the scope of the theory is supposed to be universally applicable. Granted this, new institutionalists often interpret the historical emergence and evolution of institutions in abstract logical terms. This is because of the static, timeless, ahistorical and asocial nature of marginalism and neoclassical equilibrium analysis used by new institutionalists. Hence, an attempt is made to propose certain methodological and theoretical premises that can pave the way for the construction of an alternative, qualified theory of institutional arrangements. In this vein, the issues of social structure, social relations, power and conflict come to central stage.

New Institutional Economics: A Critique of Fundamentals & Broad Strokes Towards an Alternative Theoretical Framework for the Analysis of Institutions

2018

This article explicitly deals with and scrutinises what can be perceived to be the core analytical issues and methodological concepts of new institutional economics. New institutionalism seeks to explain not just the origins and evolution of institutions of capitalism, but more generally the scope of the theory is supposed to be universally applicable. Granted this, new institutionalists often interpret the historical emergence and evolution of institutions in abstract logical terms. This is because of the static, timeless, ahistorical and asocial nature of marginalism and neoclassical equilibrium analysis used by new institutionalists. Hence, an attempt is made to propose certain methodological and theoretical premises that can pave the way for the construction of an alternative, qualified theory of institutional arrangements. In this vein, the issues of social structure, social relations, power and conflict come to central stage.

CHAPTER 5 THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS IN ECONOMIC CHANGE

1 It should be emphasized that the market is also an institution supported by a range of formal and informal rules concerning its boundaries, its participants, and the terms of their participation. See Chang (2000b).

A Critical View of the Institutional Solution in Economics

Transition Studies Review, 2009

Institutionalism is the solution at hand when the expected correlations fail to work. The analytical framework is henceforth enriched with institutional pillars such as stable political structures, lack of corrupt practices, well-specified property rights, low-cost enforcement of contracts, etc. This paper's thesis is that institutionalism has its own limits circumscribed by the original view of the logic of economic inquiry based on causation. Ignoring the external circumstances of the social whole by virtue of ceteris paribus postulation creates an epistemic vacuum as regards the most part of our understanding of economic evolutions. In guise of a practical corollary, the paper ends with a casuistic illustration from Eastern European transition economies and concludes that the uncertainties of transition, neither more obscured, nor more difficult than of any other historical system, are left as much puzzling in orthodox as in institutional recipes.