Performance Analysis of Social-Aware Routing Protocols in Delay Tolerant Networks (original) (raw)
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Study the Impact of Latency on Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTN) Based on Social Based Routing Protocols
IJARCCE
The classical wireless networks based on TCP/IP protocols will provide better performance to the users when end to end connection is available. However, if the path is not available, then the TCP concept is not applicable. In such a case, Delay Tolerant Networks were applicable. DTN networks are also infrastructure-less wireless networks like Ad-hoc and Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET), where the deployment is not depended on fixed infrastructure such as base station, router for successful data transmission. Messages are delivered from a source node to a destination node via a store-carry and forward based mechanism. In this article, we investigate the performance of two DTNs routing protocols such as Epidemic as well as Binary Spray and Wait (BSNW) together with two social-based routing protocols such as SCORP and dLife conducting Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator based on average latency by varying node density of every group and buffer size. Simulation result mention that, Binary Spray and Wait routing protocol performs excellent among the considered routing protocols as well as the simulation scenarios.
Enhancement of Social based Routing Protocol in Delay Tolerant Networks
2015
Delay Tolerant Network has lack of continuous network connectivity, so probability of end to end path between source and destination for any given time is low. Routing in DTN is challenging because it consists a network partitioning, long delay and unstable topology. DTN use store-carry-forward approach for routing, in that packet stored until it encountered relay node to forward. In recent years, social based approaches have drawn much interests in routing design which exploits a social behavior of the node to make better routing decision. Social Network Analysis mainly focuses on studying the relationship among social entities, patterns and implication of their relationship. By using social properties, we can improve routing performance. SimBet is social based routing protocol, which use two social properties named Similarity and Betweenness Centrality for routing packets. We have proposed SimBet multi-copy routing scheme that transferred a number of copies of a message during con...
A Socially-Based Routing Protocol for Delay Tolerant Networks
2010 Ieee Global Telecommunications Conference Globecom 2010, 2010
Networks in which nodes are intermittently connected, and have limited storage space and power, are termed Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN). To overcome these conditions, DTN routing protocols require nodes to store data packets for long periods of time until they contact with each other. In addition, they spread multiple copies of the same packet in the network to increase the probability of one of them reaching the destination. Long-term storage and multiple transmissions require large buffer space and non-restricted power availability which is hard to exist in DTN. In this paper, we study the routing problem in DTN with limited resources. We formulate a mathematical model for optimal routing, assuming the knowledge of present and future nodes contact and buffer space. After that, we analyze the previously developed heuristic protocols, and we propose a new protocol based on social relations between the nodes to avoid redundant copying of packets. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol significantly reduces energy consumption and provides better delivery ratio compared to other protocols.
A Comprehensive Survey of Social Based Routing for Delay Tolerant Networks
2021
Delay-tolerant networks (DTN) is an approach to deal with scarce network connectivity found in sparse mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) which makes the problem of routing messages a challenging task. DTNs have find their usefulness in many challenging environments such as tactical networks, underwater sensor networks, wildlife monitoring, disaster recovery etc. Pocket Switched Networks (PSNs) have emerged as a new application of the delay tolerant networks where network nodes are computing devices carried by humans. Hence, the study of how humans interact in their day-to-day life, the places they visit frequently, the people they meet frequently, the social groups in which they participate on regular basis etc. can help improve routing process in PSNs. This type of routing inspired from the way humans interact with each other is referred to as social based routing and had been a recent topic of research in the field of DTNs. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the various so...
Impact of social networks on delay tolerant routing
2009
Abstract Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are wireless networks in which at any given time instance, the probability of having a complete path from a source to destination is low due to the intermittent connectivity between nodes. Several routing schemes have been proposed for such networks to make the delivery of messages possible despite the intermittent connections.
EpSoc: Social-Based Epidemic-Based Routing Protocol in Opportunistic Mobile Social Network
Mobile Information Systems, 2018
In opportunistic networks, the nature of intermittent and disruptive connections degrades the efficiency of routing. Epidemic routing protocol is used as a benchmark for most of routing protocols in opportunistic mobile social networks (OMSNs) due to its high message delivery and latency. However, Epidemic incurs high cost in terms of overhead and hop count. In this paper, we propose a hybrid routing protocol called EpSoc which utilizes the Epidemic routing forwarding strategy and exploits an important social feature, that is, degree centrality. Two techniques are used in EpSoc. Messages’ TTL is adjusted based on the degree centrality of nodes, and the message blocking mechanism is used to control replication. Simulation results show that EpSoc increases the delivery ratio and decreases the overhead ratio, the average latency, and the hop counts as compared to Epidemic and Bubble Rap.
A Social-Aware Routing Protocol For Opportunistic Networks
Expert Systems with Applications, 2016
This work proposes the Cultural Greedy Ant (CGrAnt) protocol to solve the problem of data delivery in opportunistic and intermittently connected networks referred to as Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). CGrAnt is a hybrid Swarm Intelligence-based forwarding protocol designed to address the dynamic and complex environment of DTNs. CGrAnt is based on: (1) Cultural Algorithms (CA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and (2) operational metrics that characterize the opportunistic social connectivity between wireless users. The most promising message forwarders are selected via a greedy transition rule based on local and global information captured from the DTN environment. Using simulations, we first analyze the influence of the ACO operators and CA knowledge on the CGrAnt performance. We then compare the performance of CGrAnt with the PROPHET and Epidemic protocols under varying networking parameters. The results show that CGrAnt achieves the highest delivery ratio (gains of 99.12% compared with PROPHET and 40.21% compared with Epidemic) and the lowest message replication (63.60% lower than PROPHET and 60.84% lower than Epidemic).
2016 International Conference on Control, Electronics, Renewable Energy and Communications (ICCEREC), 2016
Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is one kind of emerging networks characterized by long delay and intermittent connectivity. Therefore, network environments where the nodes are characterized by opportunistic connectivity are appropriately modeled as Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTN). Traditional ad hoc routing protocols are inapplicable in DTNs because nodes are seldom fully connected. In recent years, many routing protocols are proposed to improve the performance matrix in DTN. In this paper, we have observed the performance of social aware DTN routing protocols, namely Social-aware Contentbased Opportunistic Routing Protocol (SCORP), Daily Routine Based (dLife), and Community Based dLife (dLifeComm) in an ICMN scenario. Their performances are analyzed in terms of delivery probability, average latency, and overhead ratio for varying the number of nodes per group, TTL (time to live) and simulation time respectively. Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator is used as the simulation tool for evaluating these performance metrics. The result of this investigation shows that for the ICMN scenario, SCORP exhibits best performance whereas dLife the worst in terms of all the metrics considered here.
Analysis of Community Behavior of Delay Tolerant Protocols
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2012
In Delay tolerant networks (DTNs) constitute the category of Mobile Ad hoc Networks. They are characterized by the absence of end-to-end path connectivity with limited data sources and power. DTN is a field where intermittent data communication is always a challenging task. To overcome the network partitioning, node mobility is exploited to increase message delivery. Human mobility patterns have a great affect in increasing performance of routing protocol. In this paper, we have addressed, gathered and analyzed various routing protocols in DTNs. These protocols use the constructive or destructive social characteristics for improving the performance in message forwarding. We have studied the impact of user's social relationships on the protocols' performance..