Nilai Duga Heritabilitas Galur-Galur Mutan Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata) (original) (raw)

"Abstrak Teknik pemuliaan kacang hijau pada umumnya memanfaatkan ketersediaan keragaman genetik tanaman pada populasi hasil persilangan dua atau lebih tetua. Mutasi genetik melalui iradiasi bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik yang ada. Sembilan galur mutan kacang hijau dan tetuanya (varietas Gelatik) dievaluasi di KP Muneng, Probolinggo dan KP Kendalpayak, Malang pada MK I tahun 2011. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter umur berbunga, tinggi tanaman saat berbunga, umur panen, tinggi tanaman saat panen, jumlah polong, panjang polong, dan berat 100 biji. Nilai heritabilitas diduga dengan menggunakan pendugaan komponen ragam hasil analisis ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua karakter yang diamati memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas yang tinggi, berkisar antara 41,30 – 88,96%. Nilai duga heritabilitas masing-masing karakter tersebut yaitu sebesar : umur berbunga (68,81%), tinggi tanaman saat berbunga (41,30%), umur panen (61,79%), tinggi tanaman saat panen (82,88%), jumlah polong (63,29%), panjang polong (57,14%), dan berat 100 biji (88,96%)." Kata kunci : galur mutan, heritabilitas, kacang hijau, komponen ragam Abstract Mungbean breeding techniques generally exploit the availability of plant genetic diversity in populations from crosses of two or more parents. Genetic mutations by irradiation aims to increase the genetic diversity that exists. Nine mutant lines and their parent (Gelatik variety) was evaluated at KP Muneng, Probolinggo and KP Kendalpayak, Malang on dry season in 2011. The study used a randomized block design with four replications in each location. Observations were made of the character : days to flowering, plant height at flowering, days to harvesting, plant height at harvesting, number of pods, pod length, and weight of 100 seeds. Heritability expected by using the estimation of variance components from the analysis of variance. The results showed that all characters were observed have a high value of heritability (broad sense), ranging from 41.30 to 88.96%. Heritabilty of each characters : days to flowering (68.81%), plant height at flowering (41.30%), days to harvesting (61.79%), plant height at harvesting (82.88%), number of pods (63.29%), pod length (57.14%), and weight of 100 seeds (88.96%). Keywords : mutant lines, heritability, mungbean, a variance components