QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN ARMENIA, CROATIA, CYPRUS, F.Y.R.O.M. AND UKRAINE -METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS (original) (raw)

Municipal solid waste composition determination supporting the integrated solid waste management system in the island of Crete

Waste Management, 2006

A one-year survey was conducted in the greater region of Crete (located at the lower region of the Aegean Sea) for the purpose of identifying waste composition (including chemical and physical characterization), as well as any seasonal variation.The investigation was carried out repeatedly at seven landfills and one transfer station in Crete, in four phases. Each sampling phase corresponded to a season (autumn, winter, spring, summer). ASTM D5231-92(2003) standard method and RCRA Waste Sampling Draft Technical Guidance were used. Hand sorting was used for classifying the collected wastes into the following categories: plastics, paper, metals, aluminium, leather–wood–textiles–rubbers, organic wastes, non-combustibles and miscellaneous. Further analysis included proximate and ultimate analysis of combustible materials. Metals such as lead, cadmium and mercury were also investigated.The results show that there has been a significant decrease of organic wastes during the last decade due to the increase of packaging materials, as a result of a change in consumption patterns. Three main waste categories were determined: organic wastes, paper and plastics, which combined represent 76% of the total waste in Crete. Furthermore, a high fraction of glass and a seasonal variation of aluminium indicate a strong correlation of waste composition with certain human activities, such as tourism. There is also a variation between the municipal solid waste (MSW) composition in the region of Crete (2003–2004) and MSW composition suggested in the National Solid Waste Planning (2000) [National Solid Waste Planning, 2000. Completion and particularization of Common Ministerial Act 113944//1944/1997: National Solid Waste Planning, June 2000].The results of this survey are to be utilized by the regional solid waste authorities in order to establish an integrated waste treatment site, capable of fulfilling the regional waste management demands.

Towards Efficient Waste Management in Latvia: An Empirical Assessment of Waste Composition

Environmental and Climate Technologies

Waste management system is a complex system involving numerous waste streams, collection schemes, treatment processes and various actors. Bus as well as many other systems, waste management is recently experiencing new and more sustainable development trends including the promotion of circular economy and increased material recycling. Hence there is a need for the implementation of an improved waste management system that requires a significant and thorough planning stage, the results of which will significantly depend on the availability of detailed information of the possible waste flows and waste composition. The aim of this paper is to experimentally determine and analyse the composition of unsorted municipal waste to provide assessment for incorporating waste composition analysis into further planning and modelling of a next generation waste management system in Latvia. The experimental results indicate that the unsorted municipal waste stream comprises of up to 32.9 % of recyc...

Comparative analysis of municipal solid waste

2015

The increase in the amount of waste is a concern for many countries in the world. Accumulation of municipal solid waste (MSW) threatens to become a global problem for Ukraine. Recently only one incineration plant is functioning in the country giving heat energy for heating and hot water supply to the Kiev district heating system. European principles of waste management laid the basis for a National waste management strategy in Ukraine till 2030, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine [2]. The Strategy defines the basic directions on state regulation in sphere of waste treatment with taking into account the EU approaches on waste management [4]. The Strategy determines also priorities of development in secondary use for material and energy resources of wastes components. According to Strategy 5,000 centers for separate collection MSW, 250 centers for reuse, about 800 MSW processing plant and 20 waste-to-energy plants are to be built by 2030. For the Strategy implementation the National Waste Management Plan is being developed. By 2020 the regional centers should develop regional plans on wastes management. Now the local administrations are working on local programs of MSW management. The selection of MSW management system should be based on studying of social and demographic situation in each settlement, volume and MSW composition, ecological and energy characteristics of MSW components. After analysis of the current situation an optimum system for collection, processing and waste removal is accepted. For the system implementation should revising the practical means. This paper shows the composition analysis as to the

Environmental Evaluation of Waste Management Scenarios – Significance of the Boundaries Aplinkosauginis Atliekų Tvarkymo Scenarijų Įvertinimas – Ribų Reikšmingumas / Природоохранная Оценка Сценариев По Обработке Отходов – Значимость Границ

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 2012

Life cycle concept was applied to analyse and assess some municipal solid waste (MSW) management scenarios in terms of environmental impacts, particularised for Iasi city, Romania, where approximately 380 kg/cap/yr of waste are generated. Currently, the management processes include temporary storage, collection, transport and landfilling, but separate collection, sorting, recycling and composting of solid waste, which should be addressed according to the National Strategy and European policy for waste. Four different scenarios were elaborated as alternatives to the existing waste management system in Iasi, which include both previously applied and current waste management alternatives, as well as some advanced practices. The effectiveness of the scenarios was evaluated in terms of environmental impacts based on Life Cycle Analysis, supported by GaBi software. Some environmental impact categories (acidification, eutrophication, global warming, human toxicity, and photochemical ozone ...

Analysis of the Quantity and Composition of Waste in the Peja District, Kosovo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

The conducted study aimed to investigate the quantity and composition of municipal waste deposited in landfills in the Peja District of Kosovo over the period of 2005-2021. The study covered four municipalities within the district: Peja, Klina, Istog, and Deçan. A total of 705,246.7 tons of waste were deposited during the analyzed period, with the municipality of Peja depositing the largest amount (428,347.9 tons) and Deçan the smallest (67,143.6 tons). Regarding the composition of waste, the majority of municipal waste consists of biodegradable components (about 38%), followed by plastic (20 %), paper and cardboard (17%), glass (7%), textile (5%), diapers (3%), tetrapak (1.5%), metals (1%), construction materials (1%) and small waste (6.5%). This investigation contributes to municipal waste management to know the exact amount of waste produced and its composition.

Municipal solid waste experimental studies in Romania and Bulgaria

The project Balkwaste (www.balkwaste.eu) is a LIFE+ project financed by the European Commission for the period of 2009. The project aim is to promote sustainable waste management planning in the Balkan region as well as to develop an integrated decision support software (DSS) tool, which will allow competent authorities to assess various waste treatment scenarios. In order to achieve the objectives of the project, sorting and laboratory analyses were performed on municipal solid waste samples collected in Romania and Bulgaria. The results will be used as input in the DSS in order to draft waste management plans for the case study areas selected. Two sampling campaigns took place during November-December 2009 and May 2010 and the study presents the results both in terms of waste composition and physicochemical properties. The gross results of in Bulgaria and Romania are: plastic 9,2% and 12,5%, paper 7,3% and 11,1%, metals 0,8% and 1,1%, glass 4,4% and 3,5%, textile 2,7% and 3,0%, wood 1,6% and 0,8%, construction and demolition waste 15,8% and 8,6%, WEEE 0,0% and 0,2% and organic waste 58,3% and 59,2%, respectively. The materials suitable for recycling (plastic, paper, metals, glass, textile and wood) in Bulgaria and Romania are 28,3% and 29, and the material suitable for combustion (residual plastic, paper, textiles and wood) 7,6% and 8,3% respectively. The physicochemical analyses have shown that the composite sample (after the removal of the suitable recyclables) is not adequate while the combustible sample (residual plastic, paper, textiles and wood) exhibits excellent characteristics for incineration process.

Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices for an Industrialized City: Kocaeli, Turkey

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2015

Increasing amounts of solid wastes cause serious environmental problems, especially for industrialized cities. Kocaeli, one of the most industrialized cities of Turkey, can be evaluated as a representative sample of this situation. In the city, uncontrolled disposal of municipal solid wastes (MSW) can threaten the ecological environment. In this context, the application of integrated solid waste management carries importance for preventing harmful effects. This paper presents four basic strategies of integrated municipal solid waste management as evaluated for Kocaeli: 1) source reduction, 2) recycling and composting, 3) material recovery and thermal conversion (incineration), and 4) sanitary landfilling. Solid waste management applications from 2006 to 2012 have been investigated and projections have been made for the future. Results of the study showed that integrated solid waste management has been based on sanitary landfilling, even in Kocaeli. Also, there are significant problems about separation at source in recycling actives as there is no legal regulation. Unfortunately, significant amounts of valuable materials are sent to landfills every year.

Characterization of municipal solid waste in Istanbul, Turkey

Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, 2013

Solid waste management was one of the most significant environmental issues encountered in developing countries. Quantity of produced waste as well as its composition was known to vary by general consumption patterns that were affected by socio-economic status, household size, or even by seasons. Due to the dynamic nature of waste quantity and composition, the handling and disposal of waste in an economically and environmentally feasible way presented itself as a challenge. Therefore, in order to conduct a successful decision-making process to determine the feasible and sustainable processes in the disposal of waste, priority should be given to the statement of the problem at hand. The aim of this study is to achieve a characterization of municipal solid waste of Istanbul, Turkey. Waste samples were collected from the transfer stations servicing certain zones of the city and consequently substance group, moisture content and calorific value analyses were performed over these samples. Results indicated that approximately 54% of the municipal solid waste composition was of organic nature. The paper/cardboard group was coming next in ranking with a proportion of 15.57%. Average moisture content of samples was calculated to be 62.41% and 1435 kcal kg 21 was calculated to represent the average calorific value.

CHARACTERISATION AND COMPOSITION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE -A CASE STUDY

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSW) involves activities associated with generation, storage, collection, transfer & transport, processing, recovery and disposal of solid waste, which are environmentally compatible adopting principles of economy, aesthetics, energy and conservation. For efficient disposal method it is necessary to characterize the waste. In this study, the composition and characterization of waste from a Municipal town waste were estimated and tested for better management. The composition was estimated by segregating it into different components, i.e., food waste, leaves, paper, cloth, rubber, glass, metals etc, these components were categorized into biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste. It was observed that the waste contains around 61% biodegradable waste, and the remaining is non-biodegradable waste. Ten samples were characterized for their physico-chemical properties. The analysis indicated that the biodegradable content of MSW is a good source of compost for agriculture purpose whereas non biodegradable content can be used for recycles, reuse or landfill.

Analysis of contemporary municipal waste management practice in the Republic of Serbia

2020

This paper presents an analysis of the current practice in the field of municipal waste management in the Republic of Serbia. Data on generated, reused and disposed waste, collected by the Serbian Environmental Protection Agency, have been analyzed. The analysis showed that part of the generated waste is still not properly disposed of in sanitary landfills. Also, the paper presents municipal waste management methods that are most commonly used in the Republic of Serbia. From the data analyzed, it was concluded that the most commonly used method of waste management is landfill disposal. The aim of the paper is to present the improvements made so far in the field of municipal waste management practice through the Waste Management Strategy 2011 to 2019 with reference to the betterments and changes expected in the new Strategy in the coming period.