Landscape Urbanism (original) (raw)

What is landscape urbanism?

Landscape urbanism is defined and explained in terms of its history and theory. This explanation and definition use the terminology of ordinary language philosophy in preference to that of post-structuralism (Jacques Derrida, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Michel Foucault, etc), but some terms drawn fromart history are used: Modernism, Postmodernism and post-Postmodernism.

Sustainability and Landscape on Landscape Urbanism

XI. International Multidisciplinary Congress of Eurasia,, 2020

Landscape urbanism combines the concepts of landscape and urbanism. It is based on urbanization, urban organization and the management of the current landscape. Landscape urbanism is explained by the determining role played by landscape in the relationship between structure and environment. According to landscape urbanism, change and transformation in the city is attained by landscape as the integrating and regulating aspect of urban space. In this context, landscape as the primary urban component is set free to shape the city. The concept of landscape urbanism was first put forth in 1997 by Charles Waldheim with the understanding of "Nature and Design" by McHarg making a significant impact in the development of the concept. Landscape urbanism, which has gained importance in urban design in recent years, has been defined by Waldheim, by integrating McHarg's ecological advocacy and James Corner's vision of urban design. Waldheim considers agriculture, use of water and energy efficient design as the primary factors in the implementation of landscape urbanism. Modern landscape architectural approaches that have emerged especially during the post-industrial revolution period have common goals and objectives with landscape urbanism that places ecology and sustainability at the center of landscape design and planning. Landscape urbanism, as an interdisciplinary concept, is a process based and relatively new discourse that encompasses theoretical and practical approaches as a concept rather than a fixed design approach. The foundations of the concept of landscape urbanism have been put forth within the scope of the present study. In the interaction between Landscape Architecture and urbanism, the concepts of urban ecology, urban planning and urban design have been evaluated and assessments have been made regarding the determinative role of landscape as infrastructure in urban spatial area.

Landscape Urbanism—Retrospective on Development, Basic Principles and Application

Architecture

The urban and landscape professions of the 21st century are developing diverse theoretical and practical models that they apply in solving the problems of the modern city. One of these models is landscape urbanism, which can be understood as a newer way of looking at the city and its infrastructure again, incorporating the relationship between the city and nature, and ecological and landscape principles into its fundamental core. In a theoretical but also a practical sense, it suggests new modalities that are considered to be able to contribute to the current problems of modern cities, especially those related to the ecology of the city. By reviewing the development stages, methodological framework and practical applications, this paper determines the potentials and limitations of the concept of landscape urbanism and suggests modalities of application in the modern city.

Traditions of Landscape Urbanism

Topos 71, pp. 62-67, 2010

Landscape urbanism has at least two roots: the heritage of many ancient civilizations in creating settlement structures and the history of both landscape architecture and urbanism themselves. Considering its roots, landscape urbanism strategies could become powerful tools for 21st-century cities.

Landscape architecture – landscape urbanism, regenerative correlations in the urban field

This paper focuses on the emergence of landscape urbanism and the discourse on it in the world of landscape architecture the latest years. It is examining the regenerative correlations between this recent term and the long-established approach since the 1970s in the discipline of landscape architecture as well as their impact on the way the modern city is conceived. On the one hand, the necessity for a new urban planning model is answered by landscape urbanism through the idea of a process-orientated landscape working as a structural medium of urban space. On the other hand lies the European practice and theory of the last decades in the field. Through a combined socio- ecological and perceptual approach, urban landscape works as a living document and a mirror for society’s intentions, playing an important role in the formation of the European city scene. Both sides taken into consideration, it is not a matter of choice of the most efficient term between landscape urbanism and urban landscape architecture but rather a matter of a dialectic coexistence where landscape urbanism can advance in the wider frame of landscape architecture

The landscape in urbanism - a historical view into the future

In common literature the relationship between urban planning and landscape architecture has retrospectively often been described as an antagonistic one. The impression can be gained that only recent projects re-discover the importance of existing natural features as guiding design themes, and that earlier generations ignored them in favor of grand urban schemes. Architectural hardware against green software. Tabula rasa against incremental change. Starting from this hypothetical premise of two contradicting philosophies, the authors decided to dwell deeper into the historic context and to investigate how existing landscape systems have had a major impact on masterplan principles, informing a built reality that could otherwise have taken a different form and turn.

Urban landscape as a new concept in urban planning and design

It was only 10 years ago that the European Council launched the Landscape Convention which has been approved since then by most of European countries, among them Hungary. Landscape architecture as a mean in improving urban environment was born in the 18th-19th century English landscape movement which opened and widened the scope of urban planning. On the other hand by the second half of the 19th century the urban erosion of industrial cities cried for direct intervention and curing. The methods developed, either along an urban or an anti-urban philosophy, resulted in the new urban structure models of garden cities and later the green belt systems. These systems have been drown up not only on an urban level, but on large scale, regional level as well, first of all in the garden city plan of Ebenezer Howard, and aimed to solve all the main urban problems with restructuring the city’s fabric, controlling the urban spread into rural landscape, dealing with the lack of green areas and open spaces for recreation and the improvement of social life, and the lack of green spaces for ventilation and air quality protection. The garden city movement arrived by the 20th century to the next step, to new concept of urban green belt systems. At this point the urban development gave up its strong technical-economical definiteness, and involved the natural landscape elements into its concept so as to create a sustainable, social friend and healthy, all together a liveable urban landscape.