Complex investigation and analysis of a rock slope using different empirical methods (original) (raw)
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Road construction is mostly passed through mountainous regions or hilly terrains in Turkey like in all world. In hence, roadway construction and widening are being constructed through blasting and excavation, leading to rock slope instabilities and failures then poses threats to life and property. The reasons for failure sometime after construction are likely due to the deterioration of rock masses in cut slopes. However, slope instability and failures mainly occur due to adverse slope geomorphological complexities, joint discontinuities, weathering, man-made activities, unloading; and several induced factors such as seasonal heavy rainfall events, snow coverage, etc. The objectives of this paper are therefore to identify the most significant parameters influencing the behavior of cut slope rock masses with employing SMR ,and to perform a preliminary slope instability assessment along roadway D340-41.42, southwest of Turkey, where slopes located in a region of Taurus's rugged terrains with known complex geometry, then propose a suitable control measures to mitigate potential failures of rock slope stability. In this study, 19 rock cuts are selected based on the observed failure mechanisms, slope geometry and materials. A systematic site investigation incorporating relevant engineering geological and geotechnical parameters were carried out in detail. Based on slope instability observations and SMR results rating, concluded that these slopes were widely controlled by discontinuities (structurally controlled failures). As well, SMR classification scheme was successfully used for failure classification in Taurus's terrains. Finally, slope flattening with various angles method, wire mesh, toe support by detached rock blocks and drainage ditches redesign are proposed as a remedial measurement to protect road slope stability from failure.
2020
Present study focuses on the geotechnical evaluation of rock instability along Islamabad -Muzaffarabad Dual Carriageway (IMDC). Review of the recent literature helped devising the methodology and accordingly activities for field studies were planned. Field studies included identifications of instability prone sites, recording of slope geometry, undertaking discontinuity surveys to record characteristics of the discontinuity for onward slope/rock mass characterization and classification, and rock/soil sampling at the representative locations for each rock/ soil units. Some field testing on rock samples was also undertaken. The field data was empirically and kinematically analyzed for the appraisal of slope failures and quality of rock mass. As outcome of the kinematic analyses, 38% sections have potential for plane and wedge failures. The rock quality lies in fair category as the result of rock mass rating (RMR). The slopes are partially stable to completely unstable according to slo...
ROCK SLOPE ASSESSMENT USING KINEMATIC AND NUMERICAL ANALYSES
This paper presents stability assessment of rock slopes at Jalan Kuari, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. The site is a disused quarry slope where a low cost residential area of Pangsapuri Intan was built very close to it. A frequent instability have been occured at the rock slope and the worst case situation happened when there was a rockfall event that hit a taxi that parked under the slope. A detailed discontinuity assessment was carried at the site, then, the kinematic and numerical analyses were performed in order to determine the stability of the rock slope. The kinematic analysis was carried out using DIPS 5.0 software and the results showed that about 19% is the percentage of the wedge failure that is encountered for the rock slope. Meanwhile, the finite element method of analysis in Phase 2 showed that the slope is in stable condition, with the Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) of 2.0. The difference between the results of the kinematic and the finite element analyses is because, the kinematic analysis consider the discontinuities volume and orientations with regards to the slope face, while the finite element, analyse the slope with respect to strength properties. Since that the slope is a disused quarry, where previous blasting work have produced fracture on the rock face, these discontinuities and fracture are more influencing the instability and the result from kinematic analysis shows a good agreement with the field observation.
Detailed Study of Slope Failure in Rock
International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2020
An earth slope is an unsupported, inclined surface of soil mass earth slopes are formed for railway formation, highway embankments canal. The failure of a slope may lead to loss of life and property and therefore it is essential to check the stability of proposed slope. In this paper the detail study of different failure of rock slope is being analyzed. The different failures are plain failure, wedge failure, Toppling Failure Circular Failure Keywords-slope failure, type of rock failure, kinematics analysis of slope, slope stability, modes of failure I.
Stability Analysis and Failure Mechanisms of Open Pit Rock Slope
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum
Rock mass in nature tend to be unideal, for it is heterogeneous, anisotropic and has discontinuity. The discontinuity makes anisotropic strength and stress in the rock mass, and also controls the changing of the elastic properties of rock mass. This condition results to disruptions in the rock mass strength balance, and finally drives the slopes to collapse. This study aims to determine the slope failure mechanisms in the area of case study, as well as its variations based on the Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Geological Strength Index (GSI), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), kinematic analysis, numerical analysis and monitoring approach slope movement in a coal mine slope applications. The site investigations were implemented to obtain information about slope collapse. Prior to the collapse, the slope inclination was 38° with of 94 meters height, strike slope of N 245 E and direction of slope surface of 335°. After the collapse, the slope was became 25º; and after the collapse materials were clear...
REVIEW ON SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION
IJEAST, 2020
Rock slope stability assessment is basically used for designing and evaluating the slope stability of the rock and mean while this is used for safety of the mine site. Rock slope hazard assessment is an important part of risk analysis for open pit mines. The main parameters that can lead to rock slope failures are the parameters traditionally used in geo-mechanical classifications, the slope geometrical parameters and external factors like rainfall and blasting. This paper presents for reviewing different methods of assessment technique and put out some referential idea through the paper.
A more general model for the analysis of the rock slope stability
The slope stability analysis has many applications in the engineering projects such as the dams, the roads and open pits structures. The method of analysis is usually based on the equilibrium conditions of the potential plane and wedge failures. The zone of the potential failure is stable whenever the stability forces dominate instability characteristics of the slope. In most of the classic methods of slope stability analysis, the joint surfaces are assumed to be continuous along the potential failure zone. These can cause an underestimated solution to the analysis. In this research the joint trace length is considered to be discontinuous across the potential surface of failure as it happens in nature. Therefore, there exists a rock bridge between the local joint traces. Because of the numerous problems related to the rock slope stability the above assumption is satisfied and the shear strength characteristics of intact rock have taken part in the analysis. The analysis presented here gives a better concept, view, and idea of understanding the physical nature of rock slopes and includes more parameters governing the stability of the potential failure zone.
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Rock Slope – A Case Study
Procedia Engineering, 2017
Two dimensional plain strain distinct element method has been used to analyze a curved slope under static and dynamic loading condition. Most vulnerable cross profile of the slope has been selected through kinematic analysis and slope mass rating specially devised for curved rock slopes. Static loading has been induced in the model to simulate conditions of the prevailing rock mass. Again dynamic loading has been performed according to the expected peak ground acceleration in the area in order to simulate the slope mass condition during earthquake. According to kinematic result and slope mass rating, the slope is more vulnerable towards 70° face direction. Static analysis results an unstable portion at the base of the slope. The whole slope is unstable under dynamic loading and is expected to threat the region with the risk of rock fall as well as failure of slope.
THE 2018 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2018 Postgraduate Colloquium
Multiple rating systems have been used to quantify the stability of rock slope in Malaysia. Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), Qslope rating system and limit equilibrium analysis to produce Factor of Safety (FOS) using Barton's equation were compared in this article. A rock slope which exhibits instabilities on Kajang SILK highway labeled as KSB was selected as the case study. Low scores recorded for each rating system (RMR = 7, SMR = 13.7, Qslope = 0.019) with FOS value of 0.73 in wet condition. Interpretation of each score shows similarity between different classification systems, agreeing that the slope was unstable and indicates failure. Observation on site further proving a failure has occurred, which was a wedge (120°/40°) due to intersection between joint set J3 (55°/68°) and a fault plane (150°/45°). GEOLOGICAL SETTING The study area consists of granite body of the Kuala Lumpur Pluton, part of Main Range Granite (Cobbing et al. 1986). Rock sample on site reveals a medium to coarse grained biotite granite with occasional orthoclase megacrysts observed in the granite body. Major geological structures in the surrounding area include the Kuala Lumpur and Ampang Faults trending northwest-southeast. Apart from small quartz veins traversing the rock mass through several
Stability Assessment of Rock Slope at Pangsapuri Intan, Cheras
This paper present a rock slope stability assessment at Pangsapuri Intan, Taman Bukit Permai, Cheras. This residential area was built very close to unstable rock slope, which is an abandon granite quarry. A frequent rockfall event has occurred at this slope, and the worst situation, was when a big boulder hit a taxi that parked close to the slope. A fieldwork has been carried out to gather the geological information, and unexpectedly, the rockfall has been witnesses on that day. From here, a kinematic and rockfall simulation analyses has been performed using the Rocscience software to investigate the slope condition. The kinematic analysis in Dips 5.0, the slope shows a probability of wedge failure to occur with 19%, and the RocFall has successfully simulated the rockfall event that took place on the field visit. Then, a series of parametric study has been carried out on the rock size and shape, as to study the effect on the endpoint distance of the boulder. This will give a guideline to the authorities on the impact of the rockfall hazard and safe buffer zone. Lastly, a remedial work has been proposed with regards to the mode of failure at the study rock slope.