Topical issues Road transport and CO 2 emissions: What are the challenges (original) (raw)
2017, Transport Policy
In order for the world to stay within the safety threshold of a 2C increase in average temperature agreed by virtually all governments, the transport sector needs to be decarbonized. The two main obstacles that have prevented this from happening have been the absence of a global legally binding deal and the high relative cost of clean vehicle/energy technologies. The Paris Agreement, which commits countries to reductions of GHG emis- sions, has virtually solved the first problem and paved the way for countries to implement environmental taxes and subsidies in order to change the relative costs of clean alternatives, which would solve the second problem. These policy actions combined with investment in clean infrastructure and regulation can decarbonize the transport sector.
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The demand for fossil fuel in the transport sector is constantly increasing and transportation is ranked amongst the highest greenhouse emitting sectors globally. Today, tackling CO 2 emissions from road transport a widely discussed topic and constitutes a milestone towards reaching a sustainable, carbon neutral economy. This challenge is being described in various initiatives adopted in the European Union and other parts of the world. So far several measures have been proposed and adopted for reversing the increasing greenhouse gas emissions trends. This paper attempts an overview of the existing policy framework in various countries focusing on European Union. In addition, the main technical measures proposed and promoted in this direction are presented and evaluated with respect to their greenhouse reduction potential. Special attention is paid to emerging technologies, such as hybrid vehicles and biofuels. The main factors differentiating the officially reported CO 2 emissions f...
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