Teoría de la violencia exterminista. Sobre la centralidad de la violencia física legitimada (original) (raw)
Related papers
Theory of Exterminist Violence. On the Centrality of Legitimated Physical Violence
Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas (REIS), 2019
Emphasis on simbolic or structural violence and on the nowadays effects of neoliberalism are neglecting an urgent topic of research: exterminist physical violence. We may consider adding exterminist violence to other contemporary violences, as those derived from the neoliberal turn, to fully understand modernity and our own contemporary times. Despite the number of mortal victims in the last two hundred years and the extension of the exterminist violent logic within our times, physical violence seems to have disappeared too easily from the social sciences recent accounts of the present. Reframing Frase's and Thompson's concept of "exterminism" while considering contemporary research on genocides and violence may give birth to a new research agenda: a sociology of exterminism. Palabras clave Exterminismo • Genocidio • Teoría sociológica • Violencia Resumen El énfasis en la violencia simbólica o estructural y en los efectos del neoliberalismo está oscureciendo un tema de investigación urgente: la violencia física exterminista. Podríamos considerar añadir la violencia exterminista a otras violencias contemporáneas, como aquellas derivadas del giro neoliberal, para entender de manera más completa la modernidad y nuestro tiempo. A pesar del número de muertos en los últimos doscientos años y la extensión de la lógica violenta exterminista en nuestro tiempo, la violencia física parece haber desaparecido demasiado fácilmente de los esfuerzos por comprender el presente desde las ciencias sociales. Reconceptualizando el concepto de «exterminismo» de Frase y Thompson y considerando críticamente las investigaciones clásicas y contemporáneas sobre los genocidios y la violencia es posible generar una nueva agenda de investigación: una sociología del exterminismo.
Ánfora, 2021
Objective: despite the plentiful academic discussion about violence, forms of violence, actors, effects, among other things, a question emerges almost permanently: what do we talk about when we talk about violence? This article makes a reflection on the definition and analysis of the concept of violence from different disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches in order to answer the question: what is meant by violence? Methodology:some approaches from Anthropology, Political Science, Philosophy, Sociology, Research for Peace, Criminology and Public Health were considered. Results: it was found that most of the research considers violence as an element that delimits social interactions rather than an irrational or instinctive act. And, these studies establish the degree of cultural, symbolic, institutional influences and the normative in its management and reasoning, depending on the perspective of analysis. Conclusions: a review of advantages and disadvantages of the analytical expediency of the transition from the term violence into the expression of violences was concluded. It considers an interdisciplinary approach that not only focuses on physical manifestations, but addresses the multidimensionality of violence and the matter created by different scales of interaction and affectation by making the violence a changeable and complex social phenomenon.
L’intimocide: de la violence de masse à celle des camarades
Semiotica, 2022
Résumé Le terme d’intimocide nous permet d’interroger une autre dimension, à côté de celles de génocide et d’ethnocide, de la violence infligée à des êtres humains. Atteinte violente à l’intimité, l’intimocide est une étape de l’extension du domaine de la mise à mort, il vise le dernier rempart du sens d’une existence, la détruire dans son for intérieur. Phénomène politique, lié au gouvernement d’une société et aux aspirations que ce gouvernement manifeste vis-à-vis de l’individu, l’intimocide est une stratégie de domination totale. Notre étude, au croisement des approches sémiotique et anthropologique, a pour but de différencier le terme d’intimocide des termes limitrophes, tout en cernant ses aspects, repérés dans des ouvrages de référence ainsi que dans notre propre observation participante du régime totalitaire communiste et du régime post-communiste. Abstract : There is a need to define the term intimocide in order to problematize another dimension, besides those of genocide and ethnocide, of violence inflicted on human beings. As an excessive constraint on the most intimate area of citizens' lives, intimocide is a step in extending the domain of death, it targets the last bulwark of the meaning of existence, destroying it in its depths. It is a political phenomenon, linked to the government of a society and to the aspirations that this government expresses towards the individual. It is also a strategy of total domination. At the crossroads of semiotic and anthropological approaches, our study aims to differentiate intimocide from neighboring terms, while demonstrating its aspects, found in the literature as well as in our own participatory observation of the totalitarian communist regime and the post-communist regime. Keywords : neologism, intimocide, violence, intimacy, communist regime, totalitarianism
The Meanings of Violence: From Critical Theory to Biopolitics (New York: Routledge, 2019)
Violence has long been noted to be a fundamental aspect of the human condition. Traditionally, however, philosophical discussions have tended to approach it through the lens of warfare and/or limit it to physical forms. This changed in the twentieth century as the nature and meaning of ‘violence’ itself became a conceptual problem. Guided by the contention that Walter Benjamin’s famous 1921 ‘Critique of Violence’ essay inaugurated this turn to an explicit questioning of violence, this collection brings together an international array of scholars to engage with how subsequent thinkers—Agamben, Arendt, Benjamin, Butler, Castoriadis, Derrida, Fanon, Gramsci, Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, and Schmitt—grappled with the meaning and place of violence. The aim is not to reduce these multiple responses to a singular one, but to highlight the heterogeneous ways in which the concept has been inquired into and the manifold meanings of it that have resulted. To this end, each chapter focuses on a different approach or thinker within twentieth and twenty-first century European philosophy, with many of them tackling the issue through the mediation of other topics and disciplines, including biopolitics, epistemology, ethics, culture, law, politics, and psychoanalysis. As such, the volume will be an invaluable resource for those interested in Critical Theory, Cultural Studies, History of Ideas, Philosophy, Politics, Political Theory, Psychology, and Sociology. Table of Contents The Meanings of Violence: Introduction Gavin Rae and Emma Ingala Part I: Political Myth and Social Transformation 1. Walter Benjamin and the General Strike: Non-Violence and the Archeon James Martel (San Francisco State University, USA) 2. Violence, Divine or Otherwise: Myth and Violence in the Benjamin-Schmitt Constellation Hjalmar Falk (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) 3. Violence and Civilization: Gramsci, Machiavelli, and Sorel Robert P. Jackson (Manchester Metropolitan University, England) 4. The Violence of Oblivion: Hannah Arendt and the Tragic Loss of Revolutionary Politics Liesbeth Schoonheim (KU Leuven, Belgium,) Part II: Sociality and Meaning 5. The World and the Embodied Subject: Humanism, Terror, and Violence Stephen A. Noble (Universite de Paris X (Paris—Nanterre), France) 6. Dialectics got the Upper Hand: Fanon, Violence, and the Quest[ion] of Liberation Nigel C. Gibson (Emerson College, USA) 7. Sartre’s Later Work: Towards a Notion of Institutional Violence Marieke Mueller (King’s College London, England) 8. The Original Polemos: Phenomenology and Violence in Jacques Derrida Valeria Campos-Salvaterra (Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Chile) Part III: From Subjectivity to Biopolitics 9. Taming the Little Screaming Monster: Castoriadis, Violence, and the Creation of the Individual Gavin Rae (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain) 10. Judith Butler: From a Formative Violence to an Ethics of Non-Violence Emma Ingala (Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) 11. Biopolitics and Resistance: The Meaning of Violence in the Work of Giorgio Agamben German Primera (University of Brighton, England).
2013
In this article, I would like to suggest permanencies in the frames of thought in terms of barbarity and civilization in the speeches of perpetrators of serious State violence in Argentina. This research is based on extensive testimonies such as autobiographical accounts (« memoirs ») and non-judiciary interviews, from soldiers and policemen who were active just before and during Argentina’s last military dictatorship (1976-1983) and spoke a posteriori about this past. To carry a necessary glance on the transhistorical and relevant connotations of this notional couple, I will refer to historical works of the political culture approach. At first, through a genetical perspective, two key connotations of the barbarity / civilization dichotomy are located at its time of entry in the political language during the first part of the 19th century, in order to show under which form discourses produced 150 years later in the Argentinian context, are still impregnated from them. Then, specific...
Violence as a Subject of Social Science I The Specificity of Political Violence
Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial, 2021
I. Introduction Towards an Unlikely Definition of Political Violence In this article we will approach the phenomena of political violence with an inclusive criterion, preventing moralizing criterion as a unique reference, we will observe different actors (individual and collective even States), and philosophical, psychological, and symbolic implications, inextricable part of the concept of violence. First, a remark about political violence shows and advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage for the creation of this concept is a necessary and a healthy mixture of approaches. Indeed, a multidisciplinary topic, violence meets scientific aspirations: of combining sociological, political, historical, philosophical, and psychological even law perspectives. Regarding the disadvantage, the existence of multiple violence reflections and uniformity what is at stake is not only the difference between the intensity of the practices but also its purpose and nature. In addition, how to measure violence before mentioned is complicated. Though is odd to say, political violence is relative and its perception changes depending on time, social means, and cultural universes. This shows how violence shall be quoted to exist, it could not exist as such, therefore is the result of a context a struggle of power. Furthermore, extreme violence, which expression is tough and equal comes from the logic of the concept. Violence cannot be objectified.
Thoughts on Violence and Modernity in Latin America
2020
A history without violence would, for us at least, be unrecognizable as history. Yet, paradoxically, violence as phenomenon appears to exist apart from the history in which it is omnipresent. Violence seems, almost unconsciously, to found the historical imagination itself and at the same time to exist apart from it, as a moral or metaphysical absolute. In the final analysis this no doubt has to do with the impossibility of disassociating the idea of violence from that of death as physical annihilation. Taken to its extreme, violence could end history by destroying virtually all historical agents. Indeed, it must rank as one of the great historical feats of modernity that is has actualized what was before this merely theoretical possibility and even learned to make us accommodate ourselves to it in our daily lives. Alongside the abstract repugnance it universally merits in the language of official 'values,' violence as means and as sheer adaptation advances at a sure and accelerating pace. Whatever they may convey on the level of official historical sanctions, the stories and images of catastrophic violence-whether of
Violence and the Neoliberal Governing of the ‘Unwanted’
2018
Papers in this series are the final theses of GeT MA graduates. Publication in this series does not preclude a later publication elsewhere. The views expressed in the GeT MA Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the GeT MA Program or of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Creencias legitimadoras de la violencia política contra los inocentes
Psicothema
Este artículo analiza los argumentos y creencias publicados por un periódico vinculado a un grupo terrorista, en un intento de legitimar el secuestro y asesinato de una víctima inocente. La amplia respuesta ciudadana contra ese acto criminal obligó a ese periódico a crear una versión de los hechos en la que se intentaba tanto reducir su impacto emocional como mantener la imagen positiva del grupo agresor. Los métodos a los que recurrió fueron: la atribución de responsabilidades al enemigo, la despersonalización de la víctima y la valoración asimétrica del sufrimiento.