The war in History and the History of war (original) (raw)
Related papers
War Culture in the First World War: on the Portuguese Participation Presentation
e.Journal of Portuguese History, 2013
In Penser la Grande Guerre, Antoine Prost and Jay Winter produced a substantial analysis of World War I historiography. Seeking to go beyond national boundaries and outline the general changes in this historiographical process, the authors condensed this fluid movement into three major configurations, “The first ... explains the history of decisions by the actors, and the second by the issue of social forces; the latter makes culture the driving force of history and finds in it its own explanations. Representations determine actions”. After the 1960s, when war began mainly to be analyzed by social perspectives, rather than by the narrower approach of political and military history that had prevailed until then, the 1980s brought some important research into the history of war culture and war memories. In this transition, George L. Mosse proclaimed that “[t]he time has come to go beyond the study of [...] elitist groups to a more thorough investigation of popular practices and sentim...
The First World Empire. Portugal, War and Military Revolution
Routledge, 2021
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the early modern military history of Portugal and its possessions in Africa, America, and Asia from the perspective of the Military Revolution historiographical debate. The existence of a military revolution in the early modern period has been much debated within international historiography and this volume fills a significant gap in its relation to the history of Portugal and its overseas empire. It examines different forms of military change in specifically Portuguese case studies, but also adopts a global perspective through the analysis of different contexts and episodes in Africa, America, and Asia. Contributors explore whether there is evidence of what could be defined as aspects of a military revolution, or, alternatively, whether other explanatory models are needed to account for different forms of military change. As such, it offers the reader a variety of perspectives that contribute to the debate over the applicability of the Military Revolution concept to Portugal and its empire during the early modern period. Broken down into four thematic parts and broad in both chronological and geographical scope, the book deepens our understanding of the art of warfare in Portugal and its empire and demonstrates how the Military Revolution debate can be used to examine military change in a global perspective. This is an essential text for scholars and students of military history, military architecture, global history, Asian history and the history of Iberian empires.
A Past that Will Not Go Away. The Colonial War in Portuguese Postmemory
Lusotopie, 2018
The article discusses the concept of postmemory, demonstrating its productivity through an analysis of the memorialization of the Colonial War in the contemporary Portuguese context. Drawing on the results of two research projects carried out at the Centre for Social Studies of the University of Coimbra, different aspects of the production of postmemory by members of the second generation are presented, with particular, but not exclusive, emphasis on the domain of the arts.
Brief History of Portugal during World War-1
The paper explores Portugal's often overlooked role in World War I, despite its significant historical impact. It discusses Portugal's position as a European maritime power lacking military resources, and the political upheaval that led to its entry into the war. It analyzes Portugal's contributions, particularly through the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps, and the challenges faced. Additionally, it examines the post-war consequences for Portugal, including economic and social effects, political instability, and the rise of authoritarianism. Through primary sources, it offers a thorough understanding of Portugal's World War I experience and its enduring repercussions.
History of Historiography and National Memory in Portugal
History Compass, 2012
This article aims to make a critical assessment and periodization of the studies undertaken in the field of the history of historiography in Portugal, taking into account the aims and concepts used by historians since the 19th century, and to suggest new lines of research. Up to the middle of the 20th century this was a quite marginal area of historical studies in Portugal. However, accounts of historians, and of their work, have always aroused interest. What guiding principles can we find in their self-reflexive exercises? What concepts do they employ? Work within the field has been constantly evolving (often under French influence), from fragmentary interpretations of historical thought to more recent prosopographical research and perspectives on national memory, not forgetting the institutions to which these historians were attached. But in contrast to other areas of historical studies, there were no great debates. While there were Portuguese historians gifted with a sharp critical sense, they rarely entered into polemics with their colleagues. How can we explain this absence of public debate? It can be argued that it is due to the small number of 'institutional' historians, and their connections with institutions and networks that were more or less closed.
Moving Beyond the Military Revolution: The Portuguese Case
Jeremy Black (ed) - Global Military Transformations: Change and Continuity, 1450-1800, 2023
This article discusses recent historiographical trends regarding the evolution of warfare in Portugal and its overseas empire in the early modern period. It presents a reassessment of the state of art on the Portuguese case in the early modern world (in the kingdom of Portugal in Europe and its overseas empire), followed by some contributions for an ongoing research agenda. It is divided in three parts, presenting overviews of the situation in Europe, overseas and at sea. It concludes that it is difficult to sustain that the Portuguese case supports the case for a link between an alleged military revolution and unilinear state-formation or Western military exceptionalism
CORREIA, Sílvia. Death and Politics: The Unknown Warrior at the Center of the Political Memory of the First World War in Portugal. e-Journal of Portuguese History, v. 11, p. 7-29, 2013, 2013
In George L. Mosse's words, the modern war's most essential experience was the mass murder endorsed by the State (1990). The extent of the conflict and its path of destruction would affect not only the combatants, but society as a whole. Going beyond the veterans' individual or group memory, death ended up being a structural element in the construction of the political memory of the First World War. This analysis focuses not only on the impact death had on individual combatants or the soldiers as a group, but mainly on the way in which it was appropriated by society and political powers through processes specifically designed to disguise death. The aim of States was to erase the destabilizing impact that casualties had on public opinion, neutralizing it into new and old environmental and architectural structures, thereby creating a new lexicon for death. The idea was to avoid a revolt over the mass sacrifice. The government wanted to use death cult rituals to create a consensual pride in the name of the nation, an idyllic and metaphorical attempt to reevaluate death in a religious, political and ideological sense, trying to surpass the physicality of mass death on the battlefield. Taking into account the deeply funereal nature of the Great War remembrance processes in Portugal, this article will highlight the integration of Portuguese memorial rites into the European war culture and will enable an understanding of the central role of death in the Great War remembrance process. This text will also seek to describe the treatment of the dead and the delineation of places of memory, mostly focusing on the Portuguese Unknown Soldiers, as a way of understanding the nature and the main questions surrounding the official memory of the First World War in Portugal between 1918 and 1933.