Giorgi Dundua, Tedo Dundua. Economic Relations of Colchis in Classical Period According to Numismatic Material. Report. The Black Sea – Zone of the Contacts. The 7th Vani (Georgia) International Symposium. 1994. (original) (raw)
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Entre amulettes et talismans, les monnaies trouées : ce qui se cache sous les apparences i-xxxix ARTICLES H.W. Horsnaes, M. Märcher & M. Vennersdorf A stepping stone in the Baltic sea. Two millennia of coin finds and coin use-a case study of Vester Herred, Bornholm 1 Massimiliano Munzi e Tripolitanian countryside and a monetary economy: data from the archaeological survey of the territory of Leptis Magna (Libya)
In this article a plated hektē from Cyzicus is published, preserved in the collection of the Numismatics Department of the State Historical Museum. Results of metallographic analysis have shown that the plated hektē from Cyzicus has a silver core. In connection with this the question is examined as to how the plated coins were manufactured and how they circulated in the 6th-4th centuries BC. This article publishes a plated electrum hektē from the collection of the State Historical Museum and considers the questions connected with the production and circulation of plated electrum coins. The coin examined here has been included in a number of publications as an ordinary cyzicene. The electrum coins of Cyzicus from the collection of the State Historical Museum have been published by N. A. Frolova.2 It is not known how the coin in question was acquired by the museum (Inv. No. A-42). It belongs to Group II according to the classification of H. von Fritze, and dates from 550-475 BC. On the obverse of the coin there is a wild boar turning to the left, which is standing on a tuna fish, also turning to the left. The reverse of the coin bears an indented square 1 This article has been written with the support of a grant from the President of the Russian Federation MD-998.2010.6 (Supervisor -M. D. Bukharin). It is based on a lecture delivered at a Numismatic Conference in memory of V. N. Ryabtsevich in the State Hermitage Museum (December 2-3, 2009) and also an article published in the journal Numismaticheskiï Almanach (Zakharov 2010).
The results of the observations and studying of long years by the author of the coins minted in Ancient Thrace and found over the territory of to-day's Bulgaria are submitted in a summarized form in the present study. On the basis of new numismatic materials found and of the region of their provenance are presented results of the study of anepigraphic coins with images of silenus and nymph and the more rarely encountered coins with images of centaurs and nymphs minted in the second half of 6th century BC and at the beginning of 5th century BC spread mainly in lands far from the southern coast of Ancient Thrace. Great attention is paid to the coins of the type „silenus embracing a nymph – concave square consisting of sectors of four small squares“ which are mentioned as coins of the type „silenus and nymph“, a type having dominated in the monetary circulation over the territories inhabited by the Odryssians , i. e. in the south-western part of the early Odryssian Kingdom. According to most of the research workers these coins were minted in Thasos or other Greek towns on the Thracian coast although only several dozens of such coins had been found over the territory of to-day's Greece. Only two denominations of the same are mentioned in their studies, namely staters and drachmas, and at present these researchers accept that all three of them are staters. Silver coins of the type „silenus and nymph“ of two lower denominations unknown at the time of the first publications of the author and bronze coins of the type „silenus and nymph“ of two denominations also unknown until that time as well as information about several thousands of coins of the type „silenus and nymph“ , all of them found in the interior of Thrace are published in the author's studies. On the basis of their concentrated provenance from the lands inhabited by the Odryssians along the upper and middle courses of the rivers Maritza and Toundzha, their minting for a long time by the early Odryssian kings and their use as a main local type of silver coins in the south-western part of the territory of the early Odryssian Kingdom the author expresses more than 25 important arguments for the belonging of the coins of the type „silenus and nymph“ to the early Thracian tribal minting, most probably the Odryssian minting and certainly to the minting of the early Odryssian kings (first publications: Топалов, 1998, 93-162; Topalov, 2003, 99-178 and recently Топалов, 2011; Topalov, 2012; Топалов, 2014, 43-261 and specifically 217-261). Coins of the type „dancing silenus and nymph/silenus chasing a nymph – concave square divided into four triangles by two diagonals“ and „centaur embracing a nymph“ – concave square consisting of sectors of four small squares“ minted in the same period of time are commented in details in the study. On the basis of the comparison between the main images of coins minted by the Greek towns on the Thracian coast and the coins with images of silenuses and nymphs and centaurs and nymphs and of important arguments adduced conclusions are drawn that the coins with these main images belong to the early Thracian tribal coinage and not to the early Greek urban coinage. We point out only one of the arguments, namely that out of the nine types of coins with images of silenuses and nymphs and centaurs and nymphs six bear the names of different Thracian tribes and three are anepigraphic ones and that coins with such images bearing names of Greek towns of the Thracian coast are not known although such towns had adopted the practice, since the beginning of 5th century BC, to add on the coins the name of their issuers to the main images of them. Two out of these three types of anepigraphic coins are still considered, without sufficient grounds, as minted by Greek towns of the Thracian coast.
Colchian money ("Colchian tetri (silver)", Kolkhidki) Type The so-called tetradrachm Description, picture Silver. Weight: sample of the Hague Museum-10,40 gr., sample of the British Museum-12,72 gr., sample of the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia-13 gr. The weights range from 10,40 to 13 gr. d 22 mm. Obverse: Exceptionally depicted lion's head to the left/right. Reverse: Winged Pegasus to the right in quadratum incusum. Scholarly commentary "Colchian tetri" is a name of a coin group. Initially, the name "Colchian tetri" was attributed to the II type hemidrachms (the same triobol. Obv. Archaic female head to the right/left within the linear circle or in border of the dots; Rev. Bull's head to the right within the linear circle). They are abundantly represented in West Georgia and are without doubt of the Colchian origin. Three samples of the so-called tetradrachm are known but we know nothing about the place they were found in. One coin was published in 1907 and mistakenly associated with the island Lesbos (Aegean Sea, Greece). Nowadays this piece is held at the Hague Museum.
The Journal of Archaeological Numismatics 2013/3 - full volume
Entre amulettes et talismans, les monnaies trouées : ce qui se cache sous les apparences i-xxxix ARTICLES H.W. Horsnaes, M. Märcher & M. Vennersdorf A stepping stone in the Baltic sea. Two millennia of coin finds and coin use-a case study of Vester Herred, Bornholm 1 Massimiliano Munzi e Tripolitanian countryside and a monetary economy: data from the archaeological survey of the territory of Leptis Magna (Libya)
Revue belge de Numismatique, 166, 2020, p. 514-516, 2020