Annex A.1 – Grant application form - Concept note WD done at Linde (original) (raw)
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This study was conducted at selected learning watersheds of Northwestern Ethiopia, West Gojjam Zone to introduce and promote improved animal health packages through community-based animal health workers and assesses its effectiveness in primary level animal health service delivery system. Four community-based animal health workers (CAHWs) were selected with community dialogue and acquainted with the required theoretical and practical sessions for 21 consecutive days at Andassa Livestock Research Center. The course content and time allocation for the training was determined as per CAHWs training guidelines. Upon successful completion of the training, CAHWs were officially awarded a certificate of attendance. The present study reported a moderate rate of CAHWs service attrition evidenced by 25% dropout rate. Among 2219 house hold service beneficiaries, female headed households constitute 4.9%. Cattle, shoat and equine were the type of farm animals treated by CAHWs with 59.6%, 40.03% and 0.4% proportion, respectively. Post-CAHWs intervention survey revealed that lower magnitude of cattle (1.6% vs.5.3%), shoat (0.9 vs.25.2%) and equine (4.6% vs.13.9%) annual mortality was recorded in CAHWs service benefited areas than non-beneficiary counter parts. CAHWs treated a total of 8473 animals, of which 34 were died with case fatality rate of 0.4%. Moreover, feed shortage (47.20%) and livestock diseases (46.47%) were the leading livestock keeping constraints of CAHWS service benefited and non-benefited areas, respectively. Most of the respondents from the intervention areas explained that CAHWs service was acceptable and preferable because of easy access (51.2%) and affordable service charge (44%). This study concluded that CAHWs were effective to deliver primary animal health service and reduced livestock mortality. Therefore, this kind of intervention needs to be promoted to areas where there is no formal veterinary service. We suggested that a concerted effort and shared responsibility among the respective stakeholders is highly required to ensure CAHWS service sustainability.
2017
In Senegal, in recent years the rural sector has undergone major reforms which are partly due to macroeconomic policy reforms adopted by the Senegalese government. Therefore, all the actors of economic and social development have a common concern and share in promoting rural agriculture (Bernard et al., 2008). Changes observed in the agricultural and rural sector reflect the will of the actors to have a productive, competitive, and sustainable agriculture system in order to ensure food security (International Monetary Fund, 2011). The purpose of the study is to develop a set of recommendations to improve the educational program planning and teaching skills of educators in the extension system by focusing on ex teaching farmers and cart owners animal welfare practices for proper care of working animals. The extension agents and teachers involved in the animal husbandry and animal extension system in Thies and Bambey served as participants in this study. This descriptive qualitative s...
Relevance of Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs) Somaliland
2022
The Somaliland’s Ministry of Livestock and Fishery Development (MoLFD) with funding support from the Somaliland Development Fund-II (SDF2) is implementing the project ‘Strengthening Animal Production and Health Services’. The project has 5 output areas that include but are not limited to enhancing the capacity of ministry staff to conduct livestock disease control and surveillance. As part of the efforts to enhance animal health service in the county, MoLFD requested SDF2 programme to fund a participatory study that will evaluate the relevance and sustainability of Community Animal Health Worker (CAHWs) in Somaliland. The Ministry and SDF-II programme team identified Primmo consulting firm to conduct the study. The participatory study was conducted together with MoLFD staff with the main objectives of determining the appropriateness of the existing CAHWs model in Somaliland and make recommendations for its continuation, revision, or discontinuation.
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2005
Participatory methods were used to assess the impact of a community-based animal health worker (CAHW) project in two remote pastoralist districts of Ethiopia. The CAHW project had been operating for 3 years at the time of the assessment. Participatory methods were standardized and repeated with 10 groups of informants in the project area. The assessment showed signi¢cant reductions in disease impact for diseases handled by CAHWs compared with diseases not handled by CAHWs. In camels, there was signi¢cant reduction (p50.001) in the impact of mange, trypanosomosis, helminthosis, anthrax and non-speci¢c respiratory disease. In cattle there was a sign¢cant reduction (p50.001) in the impact of blackleg, anthrax and helminthosis. In sheep and goats there was a sign reduction (p50.001) in the impact of mange, helminthosis, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, orf and non-speci¢c diarrhoea. In order of importance, these reductions in disease impact were attributed to (1) increased use of modern veterinary services provided by CAHWs, (2) vaccination campaigns involving CAHWs, (3) good rainfall and availability of grazing and (4) decreased herd mobility. Decreased herd mobility was also associated with negative impact of tick infestation. Communitybased animal health workers were considered to be highly accessible, available, a¡ordable and trustworthy relative to other service providers. They were also perceived to be suppliers of a good quality service. Speci¢c types of positive impact attributed to CAHW activities were increases in milk, meat, income and draught power.
Indeed, the World Bank described animal welfare as a "critical issue" at its 2017 Agricultural Global Practice Forum. This was also the occasion when it made a commitment to the development of "Good Practices for Animal Welfare in Development". As can be seen from the report from the FAO's Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department on "Animal Welfare at the Heart of Sustainability" ix , The European Commission (EC) and the FAO have also stressed the need for animal welfare to be at the heart of sustainability; and recognized that animal production and animal welfare are inextricably linked with ethical, political, economic, environmental and social issues. The EC's Andrea Gavinelli has repeatedly made the case for animal welfare to be included in the sustainability agenda; and stated that: "The welfare of animals is not only about changing values, but about added value for all those involved." Daniela Battaglia of FAO pointed to the ways in which animal welfare is directly related to such fundamental rights as the right to food and adequate nutrition, livelihood, decent work conditions and overall social justice; and such global common goods as biodiversity and natural resources. FAO data indicates that up to 850 million people are currently malnourished and for many of these people, particularly in rural communities, the welfare of their animals is inextricably linked with their own livelihood. In Battaglia's words: "The food and the way we eat is not a private issue anymore, we have to take into consideration the effects on the global population, the environment and the animals." Ultimately, giving due concern to animal welfare provides many opportunities: Opportunities in market differentiation and segmentation; quality production; national reputation and trade; as well as livelihoods, sustainability and development. Animal welfare is also inextricably linked with animal health, and human health and welfare. The "One Health" approach is now a well-entrenched collaborative effort of multiple disciplines-working locally, nationally and globally-to attain optimal health for people, animals and the environment." x Increasing awareness of the importance of animal welfare across the board has now led to moves to advance a "One Welfare" approach, which emphasizes these links, and brings forth a harmonized, interdisciplinary way of working to solve complex animal welfare problems. This will lead to changes in systems of animal welfare governance at international, regional and national levels, as well as to further increasing the political importance and adoption of animal welfare.
2015
At least 1 hectare per farmer, giving a total of 350 ha under the projects Government pays an initial K100, 000 to a farmer for establishment (for seedling production/purchase, tree plating, and managing for survival). K20,000/ha paid annually based on tree survival & successful management. LEAD & FRIM, University of Malawi, comprising the Technical Team for baseline surveys, monitoring and evaluation & verification for payment to be effected From 2007, every year between Government and farmers Programme formulation involved consultations between Government, LEAD and the Katoomba Network in 2006. Government payents are essentially for increased tree cover for a range of ecosystem services, with the view to encourage the private sector to take over the programme in the long term. 2* Open trading Local farmers At least 1000 hectares for the project involving 4 districts in Central region,