Petrogenesis and Exploration of the Earth’s Interior. Mineral Exploration of iron ores of East Aswan-Egypt (PP. 249-254) (original) (raw)
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Petrogenesis and Exploration of the Earth’s Interior
Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, 2019
Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation (ASTI) is a series of peer-reviewed books based on the best studies on emerging research that redefines existing disciplinary boundaries in science, technology and innovation (STI) in order to develop integrated concepts for sustainable development. The series is mainly based on the best research papers from various IEREK and other international conferences, and is intended to promote the creation and development of viable solutions for a sustainable future and a positive societal transformation with the help of integrated and innovative science-based approaches. Offering interdisciplinary coverage, the series presents innovative approaches and highlights how they can best support both the economic and sustainable development for the welfare of all societies. In particular, the series includes conceptual and empirical contributions from different interrelated fields of science, technology and innovation that focus on providing practical solutions to ensure food, water and energy security. It also presents new case studies offering concrete examples of how to resolve sustainable urbanization and environmental issues. The series is addressed to professionals in research and teaching, consultancies and industry, and government and international organizations. Published in collaboration with IEREK, the ASTI series will acquaint readers with essential new studies in STI for sustainable development.
Science, Engineering and Industry: Innovation for Sustainable Development
The conclusions and recommendations of the ISTIC-UNESCO-WFEO Workshop on Science, Engineering and Industry: Innovation for Sustainable Development, were included within the final declaration of the World Congress “Engineering 2010 – Argentina” and presented at the meetings of the Young Engineers Forum Chapter, the Engineering Education for Sustainable Development Chapter, and the Professional Engineering Practice Chapter. Last but not least, they were included within the general Conclusions of the Congress and, as such, read to all the participants of at the final ceremony by the World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO) authorities. Both the Congress and the Workshop conclusions and recommendations are also included in this book. In order to give further follow up to the conclusions and recommendations of this Workshop, it is necessary to rise the importance of these issues needs to be addressed within the framework of WFEO, ISTIC, UNESCO and institutions related with engineers globally. To this end it was proposed to bring to the attention of the WFEO General Assembly schedule for September 2011, the initiative of creating a WFEO Committee on Science, Engineering and Innovation to further the initial work carried out in Buenos Aires and to advance towards higher goals in the future. Finally we want to emphasize the need for support some of the main conclusions and recommendations of this Workshops, such as: 1) to promote the participation of governments of less developed countries in order to consolidate stronger and more able National Innovation Systems (NIS), by reviewing institutional frameworks and linkages between public and private actors, and by giving particular attention to the role of engineers; 2) to promote higher levels of investment in applied technologies and engineering projects from international and multilateral banks and financial institutions with global impact; 3) to convey to the preparatory meetings for the UN “Rio + 20” Conference, to be held next 2012 in Brazil, the importance of stimulating productive innovation particularly in less and intermediate developed countries as a sustainable strategy for growth and development, paying particular attention to the differences with the more advanced countries, searching for valid alternatives to foster capital risk investments in technology-oriented projects. This idea could even be extended towards a proposal for developing a set of millennium goals for innovation in less developed countries.
2 Science and Technology for Sustainable Development Editors
2003
The development in the world today is closely linked to development of new technologies and their maturation as industry. The industrial revolution, from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century, gave birth to the steam engine, textiles, printing press, etc. Countries that underwent this industrial revolution became developed, as machines took over some of the work from man; while countries that did not undergo industrialization remained underdeveloped and agrarian. This Industrial revolution had no direct linkage with science. However, the new technologies of the twentieth century were knowledge-based. Examples of these are: Nuclear technology, Space technology, Biotechnology, Information technology etc. Moreover, development in each new technology benefits other contemporary technologies; in fact, they reinforce one another. Furthermore, new technologies help generate knowledge, which further breeds newer technologies, thus leading to an explosive growth, both in science and in technology. Thus, there is a synergy in knowledge and technology. As no knowledge can be acquired as a black box, therefore new technologies also cannot be acquired as black boxes. For adoption and absorption of technology, a certain indigenous capacity is needed in the form of appropriate human development and S&T infrastructure. Each modern technology has an impact on all sectors of development, such as agriculture, human health, water resources, energy, etc. For countries of the South, the problems of development extend far beyond the issues of economic strategy alone. Market forces that promote particular science and technology in the developed country do not exist in poor countries. There is a dearth of science and technology that is crucial to addressing the critical problems of countries of the South; science and technology in the South is generally both too little and too weak. Furthermore, there is an absence of informed and sound decision-making. Some fundamental changes in outlook are needed, both in areas of science and in economic planning, for ensuring sustained development. Development requires the national economic plans to be intertwined with corresponding science and technology plans. The laboratory scientist, as well as technologist, has to learn business management, while the economist has to be aware of realistic potential of various new S&T applications. Scientists and technologists have to reach out to build partnerships with entrepreneurs in the private sector. Worldwide strategic planning, by integration of the real human needs with the applications of science and technology, has to be undertaken to map a path across the fast-changing global scenario. The concept of sustainable development has been elaborated in the Brundtland Commission report (1987). This report defines sustainable development as "the development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability for the future generation to meet their own needs". The major elements of development are food-security, sufficient availability of clean water, proper health-care, clean air and reliable energy-supply at affordable price, while ensuring the graded shift from agrarian to industrial economic strategies. Nuclear Technology has the ability to contribute in a significant manner to all issues of developmentindeed as a sustainable development. Let us now see in detail how nuclear technology can contribute to the sustainable development. Nuclear technology may be broadly divided into nuclear power applications and nuclear non-power applications. We will first take up the non-power applications. These applications are mainly in the fields of food and agriculture, medicine and health, water resources and industry, all of which are essential components of sustainable development. NON-POWER APPLICATIONS Agriculture and Food Security Radiation-induced mutations produce better crops, which give high yields, are early maturing, have
Innovation towards Sustainable development
Part A is theoretical overview, that draws our attention to three main perspectives of possible catalyst for the transition into the sustainable epoch, the main influence within this review is; inspirations acquired from nature will innovate the change into the sustainable era. Part B looks to unravel the influence of complex systems in nature, and how by understanding the complexity of systems we may begin to see emerging innovations like Biomimicy, Part B also incorporates a personal and empirical case study that helps to back the argument up.
Science, technology and sustainable development: a world review
World Review of Science, Technology and …, 2004
This paper explores global viewpoints on the state of science, technology and sustainable development (SD). The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of SD and why it is important, and to provoke forward thinking on the development of a more coherent approach to solving global problems related to sustainability. In doing so, a holistic approach is used to critically examine the inter-relationship between the natural, the governmental, the economic and the social dimensions of our world, and how science and technology can contribute to solutions. A framework for understanding and acting upon these solutions is presented, taking into account a variety of international, institutional and intellectual perspectives. The aim is to address growing concerns for the future of our interlocked ecological, political and economic systems in a highly populated world that is characterised by major social and economic disparities.
TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES POSED BY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TO THE MINERAL EXTRACTION INDUSTRIES
Preface This book on “Technological Challenges Posed by Sustainable Development: The Mineral Extraction Industries” reports the most recent information and the most widely discussed concepts about sustainable development in the mineral sector. This is a question that has received, along the last decade; a growing interest not only from the environmental/ecological organizations, but also from the major entrepreneurs and policy-maker forums, the World Economic Davos Summit, recently held in Switzerland is a good example. On the occasion of this Summit, the Chief Officers of the biggest mining plants in operation worldwide, reinforcing the attention and concern given to the subject has focused the sustainability in the mining and metallurgical sectors. The praiseworthy initiative from IMAAC and CYTED to promote, in collaboration, the Jornadas CYTED-XIII and the IMMAC Copper Forum, has given opportunity for international experts to meet, discuss and propose solutions to the challenges posed by such a relevant subject. The two events, held in Portugal and Spain, dealt with the sustainability in the mineral extraction industry, and emphasized the copper case, with the specific focus at copper-pyrite zones of the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula - the largest copper producing area in Europe. The current book, timely edited by Villas Bôas and Fellows Filho, is the result of the discussions and reflections held in the course of those events. It is undoubtedly a reference source for those who study and dedicate their professional lives to the important issues of sustainable development, in general, and of sustainability in the mineral extraction industry, in particular. I dare invite you to travel through the chapters of this book. You will be able to find useful and updated information on resource management (geological and mining activities, materials processing and production), waste management, environmental policies and practices, strategic economical analyses and various economical aspects related to the international trade of primary products (agricultural, mineral and oil). Institutional information about CYTED, UNIDO and their R&D programs can also be found. It is thus with great enthusiasm that I have the pleasure of presenting this book. Evandro Mirra de Paula e Silva President of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development of BRAZIL - CNPq
2012
Achieving a sustainable urban future has become an important focus globally. In this paper, three major themes of a sustainable urban future are presented: a low carbon society, cities in the context of an ageing population and revitalization of the urban-rural fringe. Visions of these themes, in the context of highly industrialized regions, are discussed. To achieve a low carbon society, the importance of technological innovations such as new technologies and systems applied in buildings (homes and businesses), industries, and transportation are emphasized. To adapt to an ageing society, a compact city is seen with responsive transport, infrastructure and services that cater to the needs of the elderly. To enhance the urban-rural fringe, the introduction of eco-industries, which can create opportunities for both sides, is proposed. Keywords Urban sustainability Á Low carbon city Á Compact city Á Ageing society Á Urban-rural fringe Handled by Arnim Wiek,
2002
Aims and Scope of the Series the aim of this series is to provide timely accounts by authoritative scholars of the results of cutting edge research into emerging barriers to sustainable development, and methodologies and tools to help governments, industry, and civil society overcome them. the work presented in the series will draw mainly on results of the research being carried out in the alliance for global Sustainability (agS). the level of presentation is for graduate students in natural, social and engineering sciences as well as policy and decision-makers around the world in government, industry and civil society.