Maximum Power Point Tracking of PV Arrays (original) (raw)
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Design And Implementation Of Maximum Solar Power Tracking System Using Photovoltaic Panels
International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2016
The aim of this paper is to design and construct a solar photovoltaic system that can receive a maximum power from sun. Two solar panels, two stepping motors and one Atmega IC were used in this design. One of the panels rotates 200 steps in a complete round and 200 voltage samples are received from the stepping motor to be carried to the main panel, which commands the best movement toward the best position. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has been conducted using an online method. As such, the proposed system has also been tried via MATLAB software. The simulation results confirm the proposed approach.
Output Power Enhancement of Solar PV Panel Using Solar Tracking System
Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering), 2019
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion has gained much attention nowadays. The output power of PV panel depends on the condition under which the panel is working, such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, dust, wind speed and humidity. The amount of falling sunlight on the panel surface (i.e., solar radiation) directly affects its output power. In order to maximize the amount of falling sunlight on the panel surface, a solar tracking PV panel system is introduced. This paper describes the design, development and fabrication of the solar PV panel tracking system. The designed solar tracking system is able to track the position of the sun throughout the day, which allows more sunlight falling on the panel surface. The experimental results show that there was an enhancement of up to a 64.72% in the output power of the PV panel with reference to the fixed orientation PV panel. Further, this study also demonstrates that the full load torque of the tracking system would be much hig...
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Due to serious energy crisis in the world, solar energy has gained much importance due to its availability in abundant quantity. India aims to generate 20 GW Solar power by the year 2020, but by end of 2010 it could have been achieved only 0.5 GW. High capital cost and low efficiency is the main problem for penetration and reach of solar PV systems. Efficiency of a solar panel is nearly 20-25%. So to increase further the overall efficiency of the solar power generation system, a Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithm is necessary. Photovoltaic modules have a single operating point where the output of the voltage and current results in the maximum power output. MPPT is a system to extract maximum obtainable solar power from a PV module. Maximum power point (MPP) varies depending on the angle of sunlight on the surface of the panel and cell temperature. This paper reviews working of MPPT and short description of different MPPT techniques.
Improvement of Pv Systems Power Output Using Sun-Tracking Techniques
2013
The amount of power produced by a photovoltaic (PV) or solar panel depends on the amount of sunlight to which it is exposed. As the sun’s position changes throughout the day, the PV panel must be adjusted so that it is always aimed directly at the sun and, as a result, produces the maximum possible power. A sun-tracking system tracks the motion of the sun across the sky and moves the PV panel to face directly at the sun and thereby ensuring that maximum amount of sunlight strikes the panel throughout the day. Sun-tracked PV systems are more efficient than fixed PV systems and are capable of enhancing productivity. In this paper different types of sun-tracking systems are reviewed and their energy gains are discussed.
Comparative Analysis of Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques in a Solar PV System
International Journal For Research In Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 2020
Due to severe crisis of acute energy, global warming, green house effect and the narrow availability of non renewable sources, the demand of renewable energy is out breaking for generating the electricity. Of all the renewable energies available solar energy is easy to access and untapped source. With the help of PV cells the available solar energy can be transformed to the fruitful electrical energy. However, being dynamic source of energy and its penetration, the solar PV system has low efficiency and high capital cost. To overcome this issue, maximum power point tracking technique can be adopted in the solar PV array. In this paper the MPPT techniques with its merits, demerits and algorithms is presented. Also the comparative analysis between all the techniques is carried out. Keywords: Solar PV modelling, PV cells, MPPT methods, renewable source of energy, solar power I. INTRODUCTION In last few years, the world's energy demand and the number of distributed generation systems are both growing. Therefore, in addition with the use of conventional energy systems, the renewable energy systems must also be used. Among all the renewable energy systems, solar energy is clean and inexhaustible, and these facts make it wide spread. Also, the solar energy is environmentally friendly as it has zero emissions while generating the electricity or heat. The constraint on scalability is the availability of space, since in all the current applications, solar power is space intensive. Moreover, in the absence of effective storage, solar power is characterized by a high degree of variability. This would be particularly true for the monsoon season. The solar PV cell coverts the available solar light into electricity. The solar PV cells are either connected in series or parallel according to the requirement to form the PV module. The MPPT technique is basically used so that it gives the best possible efficiency of the solar module as it is driven by a specific technique in which the panels turn itself in the direction of the maximum power point of PV module. The photovoltaic cell has an optimum operating point to extract the maximum power of the PV module. This point is known the maximum power point. As such, many of the methods for MPPT has been implemented and developed till date. They vary depending upon the sensors used, complexity, implementation of hardware, cost, speed of convergence, effectiveness range, quick tracking under varying atmospheric conditions and many more. The focus on the research work in this area is strong and it has considerably grown in past few years. The aim of this paper is to learn and compare the adopted MPPT techniques in order to find and understand that which technique has the optimum performance.
A comparative investigation of maximum power point tracking methods for solar PV system
Solar Energy, 2016
In recent years, the solar energy has been considered as one of principal renewable energy sources for electric power generation. However, the maximization of extracted power from PV system is a matter of concern as its conversion efficiency is low. Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is necessary in a PV system for maximum power extraction. In this paper, several MPPT methods have been studied and implemented in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Based on the generation of control signal, the MPPT methods have been innovatively proposed to be categorized into three classes i.e. conventional, artificial intelligence (AI) based and hybrid methods. Further, the considered MPPT methods are modeled and compared on the basis of various parameters. For achieving this purpose, MATLAB/ Simulink modeling of a double diode equivalent circuit based PV panel is developed and validated with commercially available solar panel. Then, the designed MPPT methods are implemented on this PV system under varying solar irradiation conditions to study their dynamic response for tracking the maximum power point. Based on this study, a novel comparison of various class of MPPT method is carried out in terms of output voltage, current, power, rise time, fall time, tracking efficiency etc.
Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic system using novel Maximum Power Point Tracking
The electrical power supplied by the photovoltaic (PV) array depends on insolation, temperature and load. On the other hand, the actual power produced by the PV array is not fully transferred to the load. Therefore, it is necessary to extract maximum power from PV array. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a power electronic system that extracts maximum power from PV system. MPPT varies the electrical operating point of the PV modules and enables them to deliver maximum available power. In this work, a new MPPT algorithm is designed that uses open circuit voltage and short circuit current, sampled from a reference PV Panel. Using these measurements the maximum power is been tracked from main panel without breaking the power transferred to load. A buck boost converter was used to match impedance between source and load to facilitate maximum power transfer. The proposed algorithm was checked for its performance in local environmental condition.
Improving Photovoltaic Panel (PV) Efficiency via Two Axis Sun Tracking System
Improving Photovoltaic Panel (PV) Efficiency via Two Axis Sun Tracking System, 2020
In this paper two axis sun tracking method is used to absorb maximum power from the sun's rays on the solar panel via calculating the sun's altitude and azimuth angles, which describe the solar position on the Iraqi capital Baghdad for the hours 6:00, 7:00, 8:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 17:00 per day. The angles were calculated in an average approach within one month, so certain values were determined for each month. The daily energy achieved was calculated for the solar tracking method compared with the fixed tracking method. Designed, modeled and simulated a control circuit consisting of reference position truth table, PI Controller and two servomotors that tracked the sun position to adjust the PV panel perpendicular on the rays of the sun. The results obtained by a simulation software MATLAB/Simulink.
Review of Maximum Power Point Tracking Based PV Array to Produce Electric Energy
IRJET, 2022
The isolated DC microgrid is independent from the power grid. It consists of distributed energy sources (DER) in the form of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, as well as batteries and connected loads. The goal of this concept is to meet the growing demand for energy. Until now, countries like India have used conventional energy sources, which are in limited supply. To balance the growing demand for energy, the best way is to switch to renewable sources for energy production. Also in dark areas where it is almost impossible to transport electricity, this concept of an isolated DC microgrid can be implemented to electrify remote areas. Another advantage is that; earn carbon credits. The whole system includes a photovoltaic generator, an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm and a battery to maintain the voltage level because the nature of solar energy is intermittent as the glare from the sun fluctuates each time. This is achieved using the MPPT charge controller. The electronically operated DC-DC converter is MPPT, which stands for Maximum Power Point Tracking. MPPT controller improves solar and battery power. It also protects the battery from overcharging, thus protecting the battery. The voltage obtained from MPPT is DC voltage and is used for the operation of the AC charging inverter circuit. This article presents an MPPT design using the observation and disturbance method.