Disability (original) (raw)
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Review of National and International Policies for Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities in India
International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 2020
The Human Rights are regarded as fundamental to their existence. It is nothing but an essential precondition for living a dignified and fruitful life. The concept of human rights is based on the belief that every person is entitled to enjoy his/her right without any discrimination. International organisations, Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) and the Ministries of Governments all over the world are concerned about the Human Rights. The United Nations Organisation also has a separate convention 159 (UNCRPD, 2006) which deals with the Rights of the Persons with Disabilities. While the role of the International law is being increasingly recognised in this respect, the domestic legislation remains one of the most effective tools of facilitating social change and improving the status of the PwD. The National Policy for the PwD was drafted with a view to create an environment that provides such equal opportunities for the protection of their rights and full participation in the society.
Review of Indian legislation for Persons with Disabilities
IERJ, 2023
The Disability Acts are not about the enjoyment of specific acts, as it is about ensuring the equal enjoyment of all human rights/acts without discrimination for Persons with Disabilities. The Constitution of India provides equal rights to its citizens to enjoy their life respectfully and walk with dignity and Integrity. Persons with Disabilities are an integral part of society and each government put their initiatives to include persons with disabilities in the mainstreaming society. This is the responsibility of the government to take care of persons with disabilities in respect of their education, vocational training, employment, and other aspects so that they may be integrated into an inclusive society. Therefore, the government is providing different types of concessions, reservations, and other facilities to persons/ children with disabilities. The government had implemented different legislations, policies, and schemes for the inclusion of persons with disabilities into mainstream society. There is various information taken by the Government to ensure the Rights of Persons with Disabilities including the PwD Act 1995,
These are exciting times to be working with and beside people with disabilities. A range of international frameworks promote a paradigm shift from a charity-based approached to a focus on both the rights and inclusion of people with disabilities into all areas of society.(Thomas and Thomas 2008; International Labour Office and Irish Aid 2010). These include the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (United Nations 2008). And regionally, the Asia and Pacific decade of Disabled Persons as well as the Biwako Millenium Framework (promoted by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific – UNESCAP) are focus areas. India has a strong platform for PWID in both policy and legislation. Policies supporting rehabilitation for PWIDs were included in the 1992 Rehabilitation Council of India Act. The People with Disabilities Act in 1996 covers equal opportunity, protection of rights and participation, while the National Trust for welfare of persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental retardation and Multiple disabilities Act, (1999) provides guardianship to people covered by the Act (Narayan 2008). India is also signatory to a number of United National resolutions for action towards an inclusive, barrier-free and right based society for persons with disabilities(Narayan 2008). There are many possibilities for inclusion and mainstreaming of PWIDs into all areas of community development. PWIDs can participate in decision making for their own personal needs, for the needs of the PWID community and as community members, for broader society.
RIGHTS OF PERSON WITH DISABILITY IN INDIA -A STUDY
IAEME Publication, 2019
The National Policy for Persons with Disabilities (2006) recognizes that Persons with Disabilities are valuable human resource for the country and seeks to create an environment that provides equal opportunities, protection of their rights and full People participation in society. Touching the lives of all for ensuring their welding is the basic rule of good governance and development. Targeted interventions are required for the upliftment of people in any disadvantaged position. The main objectives of the study are to present the evolution of Disability Rights Movements (DRM) and to present an overview of the Persons with Disability (PWD Act, 1995) and Rights of a Person with Disability Act, 2016. The RPWD Act, 2016 provides that "the appropriate Government shall ensure that the PWD enjoy the right to equality, life with dignity, and respect for his or her own integrity equally with others." The Government is to take steps to utilize the capacity of the PWD by providing appropriate environment. The Governments, persons with disabilities and their representative organisations, academic institutions and the private sector need to work as a "team" to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Differently Abled Persons in India: Current Challenges for Their Development
We are living in 21st century where speedy development is taking place in every field of human life. Due to invention of Information and communications technology, information is generated, published, circulated and exchanged across the world in a very fast manner which is called as Information explosion. To cope up with this enormous information and to keep them abreast, people are accessing required information from Library and Information centres or through using internet. But 15% of the world's population-approximately 1,000,000,000 users are still deprived of required information or not getting latest information in timely manners, they called differently abled persons. Out of which five percent of the total population of differently abled people is children. It means there are a total of 5 million disabled people in the world are children and they comprise a largest minority group of the world. Like normal people, differently abled persons also require latest information to update, to educate, to empower, to employ and to be independent. According to PWD act, differently-abled persons have equal right to access the social, political, and economic life which includes not only physical access but access to the same tools, services, organizations and facilities for which everyone pays. As per guidelines of Government of India, information is a primary and fundamental right of all people of the country, including differently abled persons and their information need must be fulfilled. On the 1st of January 1996 the Government of India passed the Persons with Disabilities Act 1995 which ensures equality, freedom, justice and dignity of all individuals and implicitly mandates an inclusive society for all including the persons with disabilities. In India, due to lack of education and awareness such diseases and problems got areas to stretch their arms. Researchers were keen to find solutions to such problems and faced troubles in covering the wide areas and taking aid from government authorities and NGO's to overcome such issues. With the help of this research paper, scope and major issues, challenges concerning disability and rehab measures in India are being tried to discussed upon and adoptive measures regarding health care for disabled in the community.
Amplified Approaches towards Rights for Women with Disabilities in India
The social status of disabled women is a case of double discrimination. First discrimination based on the grounds of gender and another based on the impairment. Gender stereotypes interact with disability stereotypes to constitute a deep matrix of gendered disability in every culture, developed within specific historical contexts, and affecting those contexts over time. India has an exclusive Act for the empowerment of the persons with disabilities Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995. But, the Act finds itself insufficient to provide right based protection shield to the women with disabilities. The Act also does not speak widely about the right based rehabilitation of persons with disability. Therefore, Government of India also started the process to introduce a new Act to replace PWD Act, 1995 in the tune with United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). In this connection the Bill has been introduced on 30th June, 2011 after several stages of developments. This bill gives a comprehensive protection and new amplified approach towards the rights of women with disabilities.