BESIK KHURTSILAVA. ON THE HISTORY OF CREATING THE FIRST BASILICA IN THE PLACE OF THE CROSS MONASTERY IN JERUSALEM (original) (raw)
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The article analyzes the chronology of the inscriptions discovered on the site of the excavations of St. Theodore Georgian monastery in Bi'r el-Qutt near Jerusalem. Three inscriptions in Georgian and one in foreign (Greek or Latin) language were dated to the V-VI centuries by different researchers. The reason for this dating was the fact of mention in the inscriptions the names of famous people, in particular the church figure Peter the Iberian (411-489), his grandfather Bakur (+416), the father Buzmir (+438) and Abba Anthony the companion of the Saint Simeon Stylites (VI century).Based on known historical data, the author has revised the chronology and proved that the inscriptions belong to different periods of the Byzantine period. Namely, inscriptions №1 and №4 refer to the first half of the VI century. The inscription №2, where the living king of Iberia Buzmir and his son Peter the Iberian is mentioned, was made in the late 30-ies of the V century. The inscription №3, where is mentioned alive and without any regalia the grandfather of Peter the Iberian, the famous Roman military dignitary and later the king of Iberia Bakur the Great can be attributed to 388-392 years, i.e. to time of the founding of the St. Theodore Monastery in Bi'r el-Qutt.In addition, the article focuses on the problem of clarifying the secular name of Peter the Iberian before monastic tonsure in various editions of the life encountered as Nabarnug and Murvanos. Thus, in the inscription №2 name Maruan is fixed which is probably the ancient Arabic equivalent of the Greek word "petros" (stone, rock), that can be explained by the influence of people speaking on the Syro-Arab koine.
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This article describes in detail the ecclesiastical religious needs of the Greeks of the diaspora in New Russia, specifically in the cultural capital of southern Russia, Taganrog (Taigani for Greeks), from the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century. It refers in detail to the two main religious centers of the city – the Church of Saints Constantine and Helen and the monastery of Holy Trinity (Agia Triada) as well as the surrounding area of the churches, such as the streets that surround them. In addition to these, the education of the students and the serving priests and archimandrites of these churches from time to time. The presence of the Greeks in the Azov region in ancient times and their settlement <in Taganrog in the 18th and 19th centuries marks a single purpose. That the Greeks, with the invitation to the area of Azov of Catherine II The Great, were the descendants of the Ionians, who lived in Asia Minor and after the persecution of the Turks on the coast of Asia Minor, in the Aegean and Crete fled to the lands of New Russia. The Greeks during 400 years of slavery (1453-1821) under the Turkish yoke and occupation retained their language and Christian faith as crypto-Christians. The restoration of the colonists from Greece to the lands of southern Russia, Catherine The Great II considered it reasonable and necessary. In Taganrog the military and the more affluent settled, who could settle themselves into commercial employment. For the religious needs of the Greeks in their new homeland, churches and monasteries were built for the most prominent members of the Greek diaspora. The most important, the Greek Jerusalem monastery Alexandrovsky-Nievsky of the Holy Trinity (Agia Triada), built in 1813 at the expense of the benefactor and Sea-Wolf of the Aegean, Ivan Andreievich Varvakis, and the Parish Church of Saints Constantine andHelen, built in 1820.
A Georgian Monastery from the Byzantine Period at Khirbat Umm Leisun, Jerusalem
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An excavation of a small monastery near Jerusalem in which an important inscription in ancient Georgian was located covering a tomb in the burial crypt. Paleographic analysis dates the inscription to the end of the fifth or the first half of the sixth centuries CE. It is one of the earliest Georgian inscriptions uncovered not only in the Holy Land, but anywhere, including Georgia itself. This date is confirmed by the ceramics, mosaics and other finds, which clearly place the site in the Byzantine period.
BESIK KHURTSILAVA. THE INSCRIPTIONS OF THE GEORGIAN MONASTERY IN BI'R EL-QUTT AND THEIR CHRONOLOGY.
The article analyzes the chronology of the inscriptions discovered on the site of the excavations of St. Theodore Georgian monastery in Bi'r el-Qutt near Jerusalem. Three inscriptions in Georgian and one in foreign (Greek or Latin) language were dated to the V-VI centuries by different researchers. The reason for this dating was the fact of mention in the inscriptions the names of famous people, in particular the church figure Peter the Iberian (411-489), his grandfather Bakur (+416), the father Buzmir (+438) and Abba Anthony the companion of the Saint Simeon Stylites (VI century).Based on known historical data, the author has revised the chronology and proved that the inscriptions belong to different periods of the Byzantine period. Namely, inscriptions №1 and №4 refer to the first half of the VI century. The inscription №2, where the living king of Iberia Buzmir and his son Peter the Iberian is mentioned, was made in the late 30-ies of the V century. The inscription №3, where is mentioned alive and without any regalia the grandfather of Peter the Iberian, the famous Roman military dignitary and later the king of Iberia Bakur the Great can be attributed to 388-392 years, i.e. to time of the founding of the St. Theodore Monastery in Bi'r el-Qutt.In addition, the article focuses on the problem of clarifying the secular name of Peter the Iberian before monastic tonsure in various editions of the life encountered as Nabarnug and Murvanos. Thus, in the inscription №2 name Maruan is fixed which is probably the ancient Arabic equivalent of the Greek word "petros" (stone, rock), that can be explained by the influence of people speaking on the Syro-Arab koine.
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Download for free here: http://libros.csic.es/product\_info.php?products\_id=1832 This book is dedicated to the study of church and monastery constructions during the early centuries of Islam, spanning from post-Sasanian Iraq to Umayyad al-Andalus. It seeks to move beyond the paradigm of an Arab incursion that would immediately freeze the vitality of the Late Antique church, and stop its specific expression: the building of places of worship and convents. While Transjordan experienced a decline that affected most of the population, regardless of their confession, Northern Mesopotamia witnessed an opposite trend of human development, paralleled by the growth of Christian institutions. Textual attestations confirm various archaeological indicators of dynamism inclusive of non-Muslim institutions, especially in Northern Syria, Egypt, and North Africa. While the Middle East began to experience a policy of restrictions and limitations against “new” Christian buildings during the second half of the Second/Eighth century, the recently conquered church of Hispania continued to develop visibly and organise autonomously. Finally, the borderlands of Sicily and Armenia witnessed later and ambivalent developments of Christian institutions that maintained a connection between the Dār al-Islām and Byzantine Christendom.
2017: A Byzantine Monastery in Nahal Qidron, Jerusalem
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A salvage excavation near Jerusalem, during the summer of 2003, identified a monastery of circa. one and a half dunams in size that was active during the sixth and seventh centuries AD. The monastery was built as a closed rectangle oriented northwest-southeast surrounded on four sides by sturdy walls. Adjoining the walls were rooms for various industrial facilities: an olive press, stables and a flour mill. In the monastery's northern portion was a church measuring 9 X 20m., in the center of which a remnant of a mosaic floor was found depicting a deer and an octopus. South of the church was a courtyard within which three entrances to underground burial caves were revealed in addition to a rock-hewn stairway leading out of the monastery complex to an additional burial chamber with eight cells arranged in two parallel rows separated by a corridor. This complex was one of a chain of monasteries surrounding Jerusalem during the Byzantine period. Our present knowledge does not enable an historical identification with any specific monastery from this period, yet a few suggestions are proposed.
The article describes the main events in the life and work of the outstanding Italian archaeologist and explorer of the Holy Land, prof. Virgilio Canio Corbo. As a result of numerous archaeological excavations, he revealed such remarkable Christian monuments as Herodion, Macherus, Magdala, Capernaum, etc. The rich material he found during excavations deserves a prominent place in the exposition of the Terra Sancta Museum in Jerusalem. The excavations carried out by V. Corbo in Bir el-Qutt (Palestine) turned out to be extremely important for Georgian culture. Here he discovered the ruins of a Georgian monastery from the Byzantine era. The ancient inscriptions (V-VI cent.) found here are of great importance for the study of the origins of Georgian monasticism in the Holy Land. In the article, the author separately deals with the issue of relations between Prof. V. Corbo and the Georgian Scientific Society, talks in detail about the existing problems in establishing contacts between the sides, etc.