Cruzeiros Científicos Estrangeiros em águas de soberania Portuguesa: O caso da Alemanha | Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Militares Navais, na especialidade de Marinha (original) (raw)

Since earlier times that the connection of Portugal to the sea is recognized as being of utmost importance. Looking at the geography of the country and the historical background we see a natural connection to the sea and this fact can be proved by easily accessible and general knowledge data: 100 % of the oil comes to our country across the sea, 70% of imports use the sea, 90 % of tourism demand the coast, 95% of internet circulates through submarine cables. Not far from these numbers, there is the abundant geological and biological wealth present in the maritime areas under Portuguese sovereignty or jurisdiction- in other words, the 3rd largest Exclusive Economic Zone of the European Union and the 11th in the world, a total of about 1,727,408 square kilometers - which awaken scientific interest in several international states, as discussed throughout this dissertation. Therefore, it’s important to understand what resources are present in the waters under Portuguese jurisdiction, which type of foreign scientific research activity is carried out by international actors and took a closer study at the role of Germany as one of the international intervenients present in national waters. Therefore, this work begins analyzing the legal framework governing all matter of scientific research cruises at national level as well as all applications for authorization process for carrying out scientific surveys, by foreign entities, proceeding then the presentation of the resources present in maritime areas under Portuguese sovereignty or jurisdiction. It is then explained the concept of scientific research cruise and various types of cruise and finally the particular case of Germany in the context of scientific surveys in Portuguese EEZ. Keywords: Scientific vessels; Portuguese sea resources; scientific research; marine resources