Development of immunization trials against Pasteurella multocida (original) (raw)
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Although chronic pasteurellosis and nasal P. multocida carriage still causes considerable losses of breeding females preventive vaccination is not routinely used. Unsatisfactory field results might stay behind that but observations from controlled field trials are lacking. In this study the protective effect of an inactivated trivalent P. multocida vaccine was evaluated in heterologous challenge experiment and field trial. The experimental vaccine contained three different P. multocida strains specific of the farm involved in the present study. Bacteria were inactivated with thiomersal and adjuvanted with Al(OH) 3 . Repeated immunization raised up the specific antibody level four times in SPF rabbits. It conferred protection against challenge with heterologous strains in commercial rabbits which was proven by lower rectal temperature, less number of days with appearance of disease signs, smaller change of body weight, and elevated antibody level. In the field study positive effect of vaccination on nasal colonization with P. multocida was found. But an adverse effect was observed: there was a lower number of total born, lower proportion of alive new-born rabbits, and furthermore a higher proportion of sucklings mortality in the case of immunized females. This might be related to the time point (i.e. some days before artificial insemination) chosen for immunization.
Pasteurella multocida Vaccine Candidates: A Systematic Review
Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology, 2020
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is the highly contagious causative agent of a broad range of diseases in animals as well as an occasional human pathogen. Economically significant infections caused by P. multocida include avian fowl cholera, rabbit snuffles, and hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, goats and pigs. Chemotherapy of pasteurellosis infections has some limitations, such as high cost of treatment, low efficacy, and the possibility of therapy failure due to antibiotic resistance. Prophylactic immunization offers a safe and effective preventive measure in case of zoonotic diseases. Bacterins, live attenuated and some old traditional vaccines against pasteurellosis remain in use today, beside their limitations. However, the past few years have seen significant progress in research to identify modern, effective vaccine candidates, but there is no new vaccine produced by new strategies. While scientists should struggle with a lot of aspects to design vaccine producing strateg...
Passive immunization of Pasteurella multocida infected rabbits
Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2011
We raised neutralizing antibodies against Pasteurella multocida (PM) in the serum of rabbits and used these antibodies as immunotherapy in PM-infected rabbits. For this purpose five rabbits were vaccinated three times at 21 days interval, using formalized oil base haemorrhagic septicaemia vaccine (OBHSV). A high titer (256 IHA units) of anti-Pasteurella multocida-antibodies in blood serum was determined on 56 th day post boosting using indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test. This antibody titer was further enhanced to 1024 IHA units with three consecutive inoculations of virulent PM suspension at 21 days interval. A virulent PM with mean lethal dose (LD 50) of 10-6.749 was used for challenging the rabbits. The hyperimmune serum (1 ml, 256 IHA units) injected intravenously and intramuscularly to PM-challenged rabbits showed 100% protection and 66.66% protection, respectively, while antigen control group showed 0% protection. Moreover, it was found suitable to passively immunize the animals before exposure or simultaneously with the exposure of PM. Taken together, our experimental data shows that the hyperimmune serum can therapeutically be used as passive vaccine to prevent infections against PM.
Immunization of rabbits against Pasteurella multocida using a commercial swine vaccine
Laboratory Animals, 2000
The disease caused by Pasteurella multocida is an extremely common and difficult issue of rabbits utilized for biomedical research. The vaccination techniques are dependably the most powerful preventive measures. In the present study, 30 New Zealand rabbits (1.5 kg average body weight and 6-8 weeks old) were divided into 3 groups, control group (I), challenged nonvaccinated group (II), and challenged double vaccinated group (III). 1 st dose was administered at the 1 st day followed by similar booster dose after 21 days. At the end of the 2 nd , 4 th , and 6 th weeks of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the ear vein for hematological, plasma, and serum examination. At the end of the 6 th week, the rabbits were anaesthetized and sacrificed to collect the tissue specimens from liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs and heart for histopathological study. The results showed that double immunization with killed vaccine of P. multocida increased the immune response of the animals and the leukocyte phagocytic activity against P. multocida and also improved the clinicopathological and histopathological findings. Taken together, our findings proved that double immunization with killed vaccine of P. multocida increased the phagocytic activity of the immune cells and the immune status of animals against infection.
Indian Journal of Animal Research, Volume 57 Issue 2: 231-235 (February 2023)
Background: Pasteurellosis is an economically important disease of livestock worldwide and vaccination is effective mean to control the disease outbreaks. One of alternative method for vaccine preparation could be the use of lytic phages as bacterial inactivating agents and employing “phage lysate immunogen” as an immunizing agent. Therefore, the study was undertaken to explore the protective immune response of novel phage lysate vaccine against Pasteurella multocida. Methods: A phage lysate vaccine of Pasteurella multocida was prepared using isolated lyticphage and subjected to vaccine response study in rabbits. In this experiment, two mouse fixed-dose of lysate was used and the prophylactic efficacies of lysates were evaluated in rabbits by passive mouse protection test (PMPT), western blotting and direct virulent challenge. Result: Passive transfer of antibodies to mice using post-immunization sera of rabbits protected the animals against the challenge with A: 1 strain (75%) and B: 2 strain (50%). In western blotting, a total number of 4 bands were observed in the region between 130 kDa to 25 kDa in the protein of the phage lysate. The study suggested the significance increase in humoral immunity by phage lysate in murine Pasteurellosis.
Background: Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is acute, highly contagious form of disease of water buffalo, cattle, and bison caused by Pasteurella multocida (PM). It is considered the most economically important bacterial disease of cattle and buffalo, .in tropical areas of Asia, particularly in Southeast Asia. PM is a gram-negative coccobacillus, belonging to Pasteurellaceae family. PM is transmitted either during direct contact or via fomites by ingestion or inhalation via contaminated feed and water. Currently, there are no broadly protective vaccines –adjuvant formulation with long-lasting immunity available against HS. Aluminium-based mineral salts such as alum are the only immunologic adjuvants. Herbal adjuvants are evaluated extensively to replace the classical adjuvants being safe and efficacious.
2019
In piggery, septic pasteurellosis caused by Pasteurella multocida (B:2) is an issue of concern, which needs an effective vaccine. Here, we prepared a double emulsified (DE) vaccine containing 2.5 mg inactivated antigenic mass of pig field strain (B:2) (named as soron) isolated from an outbreak of septicaemic death in pigs and P. multocida P52 cattle strain (B:2) and studied their efficiency in terms of immunity to direct challenge, duration of immunity and the role of humoral and cellmediated immunity. Both of these strains showed presence of hgbB, pfhA, nanH, ptfA, and tbPA virulence genes. The sequence analysis of bands of 760 bp product using capsular primers were obtained for soron and P52 revealed 99.2% homology between these two strains, indicating differences at genetic level. nanH and pfhA genes of soron shared 99.2% and 92.7% homology with P52, respectively suggesting differences between these two strains at genetic level. SDS-PAGE analysis of cell wall of both strains show...
2018
Pasteurellosis is a common and troublesome issue of rabbits causing serious disorders. The immunization procedures are constantly the greatest preventive measures. In the present study, 40 New Zealand rabbits were used to investigate the protective efficacy of formalized Pasteurella multocida vaccine alone or in combination with propolis. The animals were divided into four equal groups (I-IV); negative control group, challenged non-vaccinated group, vaccinated challenged group and vaccinated propolis administered challenged group respectively. At the end of the 2 nd and 6 th weeks of the experiment, blood samples were collected from ear vein of rabbits for hematological, plasma, and serum examinations. The rabbits were then anaesthetized and sacrificed to collect tissue specimens from liver, kidneys, spleen and lungs for histopathological study. The results showed that using of propolis in combination with killed vaccine of Pasteurella multocida improved the immune response by incre...
Efforts towards the development of recombinant Vaccines against Pasteurella multocida
2014
Hemorrhagic septicemia is caused by gram-negative bacterium of Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) strains. Most of the current vaccines against P. multocida have shortcomings. Presently, there is increasing efforts towards construction of recombinant clone for vaccine development against P.multocida. In this review an effort is made to look at some strong candidate genes, different protein bands from virulent strains and recent reported recombinant antigens. The possibility of developing a broad spectrum or cross protection vaccine for P. multocida is also discussed. It is hoped that withthe current development of three (3) completed genome sequence of P. multocida, stronger potential immunogens with broader spectrum will be identified. Furthermore whole genome sequence of other P. multocida strains will surely bridge the gap between diagnosis and vaccine development.Key words: Virulent, Vaccine, P. multocida, immunogens